Section 28-801.1
§ 28-801.1 Update. No later than the third year after the effective
date of this section 28-801.1 and every third year thereafter, the
commissioner shall submit to the city council proposed amendments that
he or she determines should be made to this code to bring it up to date
with the latest edition of the International Mechanical Code or
otherwise modify the provisions thereof. In addition, prior to the
submission of such proposal to the city council, such proposal shall be
submitted to an advisory committee established by the commissioner
pursuant to this title for review and comment.
Section 28-801.2
§ 28-801.2 Enactment of the New York city mechanical code. The New
York city mechanical code based on the 2003 edition of the International
Mechanical Code published by the International Code Council, with
changes that reflect the unique character of the city, is hereby adopted
to read as follows:
EXPLANATION - Matter in braces { } in this document is superscript.
EXPLANATION - Matter in brackets [ ] in this document is subscript.
THE NEW YORK CITY MECHANICAL CODE
CHAPTER 1
ADMINISTRATION
SECTION MC 101
GENERAL
101.1 Title. This code shall be known and may be cited as the "New
York City Mechanical Code," "NYCMC" or "MC". All section numbers in this
code shall be deemed to be preceded by the designation "MC".
101.2 Scope. This code shall regulate the design, installation,
maintenance, alteration and inspection of mechanical systems that are
permanently installed and utilized to provide control of environmental
conditions and related processes within buildings. This code shall also
regulate those mechanical systems, system components, equipment and
appliances specifically addressed herein. The installation of fuel gas
distribution piping and equipment, fuel gas-fired appliances and fuel
gas-fired appliance venting systems shall be regulated by the New York
City Fuel Gas Code.
101.3 Intent. The purpose of this code is to provide minimum standards
to safeguard life or limb, health, property, public welfare and the
environment by regulating and controlling the design, construction,
installation, quality of materials, location, operation and maintenance
or use of mechanical systems.
101.4 Severability. If a section, subsection, sentence, clause or
phrase of this code is, for any reason, held to be unconstitutional,
such decision shall not affect the validity of the remaining portions of
this code.
SECTION MC 102
APPLICABILITY
102.2 General. The provisions of this code shall apply to all matters
affecting or relating to structures and premises, as set forth in
Section 101. Where, in a specific case, different sections of this code
specify different materials, methods of construction or other
requirements, the most restrictive shall govern.
102.2 Existing installations. Except as otherwise provided for in this
chapter or elsewhere in this code, a provision in this code shall not
require the removal, alteration or abandonment of, nor prevent the
continued utilization and maintenance of, a mechanical system lawfully
in existence on the effective date of this code.
102.3 Maintenance. Mechanical systems, both existing and new, and
parts thereof shall be maintained in proper operating condition in
accordance with the original design and in a safe and sanitary
condition. Devices or safeguards that are required by this code shall be
maintained in compliance with the applicable provisions under which they
were installed. The owner shall be responsible for maintenance of
mechanical systems. To determine compliance with this provision, the
commissioner shall have the authority to require existing mechanical
systems to be inspected.
102.4 Additions, alterations or repairs. Additions, alterations,
renovations or repairs to a mechanical system shall conform to
requirements for a new mechanical system without requiring the existing
mechanical system to comply with all of the requirements of this code.
Additions, alterations or repairs shall not cause an existing mechanical
system to become unsafe, hazardous or overloaded. Minor additions,
alterations, renovations and repairs to existing mechanical systems
shall meet the provisions for new construction, unless such work is done
in the same manner and arrangement as was in the existing system, is not
hazardous and is approved.
102.5 Change in occupancy. Refer to Chapter 1 of Title 28 of the
Administrative Code.
102.6 Reserved.
102.7 Reserved.
102.8 Referenced standards. The standards referenced herein shall be
those that are listed in Chapter 15 and in the rules of the department
and such standards shall be considered as part of the requirements of
this code to the prescribed extent of each such reference. Where
differences occur between provisions of this code and the referenced
standards, the provisions of this code shall apply. Refer to Article 103
of Chapter 1 of Title 28 of the Administrative Code for additional
provisions relating to referenced standards.
102.9 Requirements not covered by this code. Requirements necessary
for the strength, stability or proper operation of an existing or
proposed mechanical system, or for the public safety, health and general
welfare, not specifically covered by this code, shall be determined by
the commissioner.
SECTION MC 103
DEPARTMENT OF BUILDINGS
103.1 General. Refer to the New York City Charter and Chapter 1 of
Title 28 of the Administrative Code.
SECTION MC 104
DUTIES AND POWERS OF THE COMMISSIONER OF BUILDINGS
104.1 General. The commissioner shall have the authority to render
interpretations and to adopt rules establishing policies, and procedures
to clarify and implement the provisions of this code. Such
interpretations and rules shall be in compliance with the intent and
purpose of this code. Refer to the New York City Charter and Chapter 1
of Title 28 of the Administrative Code for additional provisions
relating to the authority of the Commissioner of Buildings.
SECTION MC 105
PERMITS
105.1 General. Permits shall comply with this section, with Article
105 of Chanter 1 of Title 28 of the Administrative Code, and with
requirements found elsewhere in this code.
105.2 Required. Any owner or authorized agent who intends to
construct. add to, alter, repair, move, demolish, or change the
occupancy of a building or structure, or to erect, install, add to,
alter, repair, remove, convert or replace any gas, mechanical or
plumbing, system, the installation of which is regulated by this code,
or to cause any such work to be done, shall first make application for
construction document approval in accordance with Chapter 1 of Title 28
of the Administrative Code and this chapter and obtain the required
permit.
105.3 Work exempt from permit. Exemptions from permit requirements of
this code as authorized in Chapter 1 of Title 28 of the Administrative
Code and the rules of the department shall not be deemed to grant
authorization for any work to be done in any manner in violation of the
provisions of this code or any other laws or rules.
105.4 Validity of permit. The issuance or granting of a permit shall
not be construed to be a permit for, or an approval of, any violation of
any of the provisions of this code or of any other law. Permits
presuming to give authority to violate or cancel the provisions of this
code or other law shall not be valid. The issuance of a permit based on
construction documents and other data shall not prevent the commissioner
from requiring the correction of errors in the construction documents
and other data. The commissioner is also authorized to prevent occupancy
or use of a structure where in violation of this code or of any other
law.
SECTION MC 106
CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTS
106.1 General. Construction documents shall comply with Article 104 of
Chapter 1 of title 28 of the Administrative Code and other applicable
provisions of this code and its referenced standards. Such construction
documents shall be coordinated with architectural, structural and means
of egress plans.
106.2 Required documents. The applicant shall submit all of the
documents specified in Sections 106.3 through 106.10 as appropriate to
the nature and extent of the work proposed. Construction documents shall
indicate the heating, ventilation, refrigeration, and other mechanical
work to be performed, so drawn as to conform to the architectural and
structural aspects of the building and to show in detail compliance with
this code.
106.2.1 Composite plans. Composite plans showing compliance of
architectural, structural, and mechanical parts of a building may be
submitted provided that a clear understanding of each part is not
impaired.
106.3 Lot diagram. The lot diagram shall be provided where applicable
to the work proposed, including but not limited to the installation of
exterior or rooftop equipment.
106.4 Building classification statement. Where applicable to the
proposed work, the statement shall identify:
1. The occupancy group or groups that apply to parts of the building
in accordance with Section 302 of the New York City Building Code;
2. The occupancy group of the main use or dominant occupancy of the
building;
3. The construction class of the building in accordance with Section
602 of the New York City Building Code;
4. The structural occupancy category in accordance with Table 1604.5
of the New York City Building Code;
5. The height of the building as defined in Section 502.1 of the New
York City Building Code;
6. The applicable measurements to the highest and lowest level of fire
department access; and
7. Whether the building is inside or outside of the fire districts.
106.5 Fuel-burning and fuel-oil storage equipment plans. Construction
documents for fuel-burning and fuel oil storage equipment shall contain
plans that include the following data and information:
1. Diagrams of all distribution piping, including vent and filtering
for oil systems, and all safety cut-off and relief devices and valves in
piping: indications of the sizes of distribution piping to be used and
the fire resistive ratings of the shafts or spaces containing
distribution piping where required to be fire rated.
2. Diagrammatic floor plans showing the size, location, material for
all fuel oil and transfer distribution piping and related equipment.
3. Floor plans or partial floor plans showing the location, layout,
size, and listing information for all fuel-burning equipment, tanks,
vents, and chimneys. The plans shall also indicate the method or means
of providing air to the equipment space, including duct and opening
sizes.
4. Plans indicating the location and type of any relevant smoke and
heat detectors, alarm, and fire extinguishing systems.
5. Seismic protection and restraint details for piping and equipment
as required by Chapter 16 of the New York City Building Code.
6. Details indicating the location, size and materials for all
breechings; the thickness and type of insulation materials; and the
clearances from combustible walls, partitions, and ceiling; and the
fire-resistive ratings of rooms and spaces containing the equipment.
7. Details describing the type, material, listing information, height,
and termination distances to adjacent properties and structures for
chimneys and vents.
8. Details showing structural supports for fuel-burning equipment
where required.
9. A statement as to the kind or grade of fuel to be used.
10. Plans indicating the location, arrangement, size, load, and
maximum capacity of the burning, storage and fuel-pumping equipment.
11. In areas of special flood hazards, construction documents shall
comply with Appendix G of the New York City Building Code.
106.6 Heating systems. Construction documents for heating systems
shall include the temperature to be maintained in every room and the
output capacity in BTU per hour of the central heating source.
106.7 Boilers. Construction documents for boiler installations shall
indicate the output capacity in BTU per hour, the operating weight of
each boiler, the pressure setting of the relief valves, and such other
data and information as required by this code.
106.8 Air conditioning and ventilating systems. Construction documents
for air conditioning and ventilating systems shall contain plans that
include the following data and information:
1. The location and sizes of all ducts: the location of all fire and
smoke dampers, motors, fans, and filters; the type, air capacity, and
size of all equipment; and where not shown on accompanying structural
plans, the operating weight and manner of support of equipment.
2. The locations of smoke detecting devices.
3. The location and size of the fresh air intake, the design
population, and the required ventilation for each room or space.
4. The amount of air to be exhausted or supplied from each outlet for
each room or space.
5. In the case of ventilating or exhaust systems for ranges, fryers,
ovens, and other similar types of restaurant or bakery equipment, for
which a hood is required, the plans shall also show the type of
extinguishing system, the location of heat detection devices, nozzles,
piping, gas controls, manual and automatic control valves, method of
joining ducts, method and location of discharging exhaust from building,
the location of break-glass controls, and the quantity in cfm designed
for each hood.
106.9 Refrigerating systems. Construction documents for refrigerating
systems shall contain plans that include the following data and
information:
1. The location of all machinery; the horsepower of compressors; the
type and number of pounds of refrigerant to be used; and the air
quantities for, and means of ventilating the machinery space.
2. The location of emergency switches for compressors and for
ventilation in the machinery rooms.
3. The location of pressure relief piping and any city water
connections and water-saving devices.
4. The tonnage capacity of the machine and the suction and discharge
pressures at which the machine is rated.
5. The operating weight of the equipment.
6. The class of refrigerant utilized.
106.10 Energy efficiency. Construction documents shall include
compliance documentation as required by the New York City Energy
Conservation Code.
SECTION MC 107
INSPECTIONS AND TESTING
107.1 General. Except as otherwise specifically provided, inspections
required by this code or by the department during the progress of work
may be performed on behalf of the owner by approved agencies or, if
applicable, by special inspectors. However, in the interest of public
safety, the commissioner may direct that any of such inspections be
performed by the department. All inspections shall be performed at the
sole cost and expense of the owner. Refer to Article 116 of Chapter 1 of
Title 28 of the Administrative Code for additional provisions relating
to inspections. In addition to any inspections otherwise required by
this code or applicable rules, the following inspections shall be
required:
1. Progress inspections:
1.1. Underground inspection shall be made after trenches or ditches
are excavated and bedded, piping installed, and before backfill is put
in place. When excavated soil contains rocks, broken concrete, frozen
chunks and other rubble that would damage or break the piping or cause
corrosive action, clean backfill shall be on the job site.
Exception: Ground-source heat pump loop systems tested in accordance
with Section 1208.1.1 shall be peg witted to be backfilled prior to
inspection.
1.2. Rough-in inspection shall be made after the roof, framing,
fireblocking and bracing are in place and all ducting and other
components to be concealed are complete, and prior to the installation
of wall or ceiling membranes.
2. Special inspections. Special inspections shall be performed in
accordance with this code and Chapter 17 of the New York City Building
Code.
3. Final inspection. Refer to Article 116 of Chapter 1 of Title 28 of
the Administrative Code.
4. Issuance of Certificate of Compliance. Upon satisfactory inspection
of service equipment and the satisfaction of all the requirements for
sign-off, the department shall issue a certificate of compliance as
applicable for the following service equipment:
4.1. Air-conditioning and ventilation systems
4.2. Fuel-burning and fuel-oil storage equipment, including
generators.
4.3. Refrigeration systems,
4.4. Heating systems, and
4.5. Boilers.
The requirements of Section 107.1 shall not be considered to prohibit
the operation of any heating equipment or appliances installed to
replace existing heating equipment or appliances serving an occupied
portion of a structure provided that a request for inspection of such
heating equipment or appliances has been filed with the department not
more than 48 hours after such replacement work is completed, and before
any portion of such equipment or appliances is concealed by any
permanent portion of the structure.
107.1.1 Approved inspection agencies. Refer to Articles 114 and 115 of
Chapter 1 of Title 28 of the Administrative Code.
107.1.2 Inspection of prefabricated construction assemblies. Prior to
the approval of a prefabricated construction assembly having concealed
mechanical work and the issuance of a permit, the department shall
require the submittal of an evaluation report by an approved agency on
each prefabricated construction assembly, indicating the complete
details of the mechanical system, including a description of the system
and its components, the basis upon which the system is being evaluated,
test results and similar information, and other data as necessary for
the commissioner to determine conformance to this code.
107.1.2.1 Test and inspection records. Required test and inspection
records shall be available to the commissioner at all times during the
fabrication of the mechanical system and the erection of the building:
or such records as the commissioner designates shall be filed.
107.2 Testing. Mechanical systems shall be tested as required in this
code and in accordance with Sections 107.2.1 through 107.2.3. Tests
shall be made by the permit holder and witnessed by the department or an
approved agency.
107.2.1 New, altered, extended or repaired systems. New mechanical
systems and parts of existing systems, that have been altered, extended,
renovated or repaired, shall be tested as prescribed herein to disclose
leaks and defects.
107.2.2 Apparatus, material and labor for tests. Apparatus, material
and labor required for testing a mechanical system or part thereof shall
be furnished by the permit holder.
107.2.3 Reinspection and testing. Where any work or installation does
not pass an initial test or inspection, the necessary corrections shall
be made so as to achieve compliance with this code. The work or
installation shall then be resubmitted to the department for inspection
and testing.
107.3 Sign-off of completed work. Refer to Article 116 of Chapter 1 of
Title 28 of the Administrative Code.
107.4 Temporary connection. The commissioner shall have the
authority to authorize the temporary connection of a mechanical system
to the sources of energy for the purpose of testing mechanical systems
or for use under a temporary certificate of occupancy.
SECTION MC 108
VIOLATIONS
108.1 General. Refer to Chapters 2 and 3 of Title 28 of the
Administrative Code.
CHAPTER 2
DEFINITIONS
SECTION MC 201
GENERAL
201.1 Scope. Unless otherwise expressly stated, the following words
and terms shall, for the purposes of this code, have the meanings
indicated in this chapter.
201.2 Interchangeability. Words used in the present tense include the
future; words in the masculine gender include the feminine and neuter;
the singular number includes the plural and the plural, the singular.
201.3 Terms defined in other codes. Where terms are not defined in
this code and are defined in the New York City Building Code, the New
York City Electrical Code, the New York City Fire Code, the New York
City Fuel Gas Code or the New York City Plumbing Code, such terms shall
having meanings ascribed to them as in those codes.
201.4 Terms not defined. Where terms are not defined through the
methods authorized by this section, such terms shall have ordinarily
accepted meanings such as the context implies.
SECTION MC 202
GENERAL DEFINITIONS
ABRASIVE MATERIALS. Moderately abrasive particulate in high
concentrations, and highly abrasive particulate in moderate and high
concentrations, such as alumina, bauxite, iron silicate, sand and slag.
ABSORPTION SYSTEM. A refrigerating system in which refrigerant is
pressured by pumping a chemical solution of refrigerant in absorbent,
and then separated by the addition of heat in a generator, condensed (to
reject heat), expanded, evaporated (to provide refrigeration), and
reabsorbed in an absorber to repeat the cycle; the system may be single
or multiple effect, the latter using multiple stages or internally
cascaded use of heat to improve efficiency.
ACCESS (TO). That which enables a device, appliance or equipment to be
reached by ready access or by a means that first requires the removal or
movement of a panel, door or similar obstruction [see also "Ready access
(to)"];.
AIR. All air supplied to mechanical equipment and appliances for
combustion, ventilation, cooling, etc. Standard air is air at standard
temperature and pressure, namely, 70°F (21°C) and 29.92 inches of
mercury (101.3 kPa).
AIR CONDITIONING. The treatment of air so as to control simultaneously
the temperature, humidity, cleanness and distribution of the air to meet
the requirements of a conditioned space.
AIR-CONDITIONING SYSTEM. A system that consists of heat exchangers,
blowers, filters, supply, exhaust and return ducts, and shall include
any apparatus installed in connection therewith.
AIR DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM. Any system of ducts, plenums and air-handling
equipment that circulates air within a space or spaces and includes
systems made up of one or more air-handling units.
AIR, EXHAUST. Air being removed from any space, appliance or piece of
equipment and conveyed directly to the atmosphere by means of openings
or ducts.
AIR, INTAKE. Air supplied from the outdoors to any space, appliance or
piece of equipment.
AIR, RELIEF. Air removed from any space, appliance or piece of
equipment.
AIR-HANDLING UNIT. A blower or fan used for the purpose of
distributing supply air to a room, space or area.
AIR, MAKEUP. Air that is provided to replace air being exhausted.
AIR TRANSFER OPENING. An opening designed to allow the movement of
environmental air between two contiguous spaces.
ALTERATION. Any construction, addition, change of use or occupancy, or
renovation to a building or structure in existence. See Section 28-101.5
of the Administrative Code.
APPLIANCE. A device or apparatus that is manufactured and designed to
utilize energy and for which this code provides specific requirements.
APPLIANCE, EXISTING. Any appliance regulated by this code which was
legally installed prior to the effective date of this code, or for which
a permit to install has been issued.
APPLIANCE, FUEL-FIRED. An appliance that burns solid, liquid and/or
gaseous fuel, including but not limited to wood stoves, household
cooking ranges, furnaces, boilers, water heaters, clothes dryers and
gas-fired refrigerators.
APPLIANCE, GAS (EQUIPMENT). Any apparatus or equipment that uses gas
as a fuel or raw material to produce light, heat, power, refrigeration
or air conditioning.
APPLIANCE TYPE.
High-heat appliance. Any appliance in which the products of combustion
at the point of entrance to the flue under normal operating conditions
have a temperature greater than 2,000°F (1093°C).
Low-heat appliance (residential appliance). Any appliance in which the
products of combustion at the point of entrance to the flue under normal
operating conditions have a temperature of 1,000°F (538°C) or less.
Medium-heat appliance. Any appliance in which the products of
combustion at the point of entrance to the flue under normal operating
conditions have a temperature of more than 1,000°F (538°C), but not
greater than 2,000°F (1093°C).
APPLIANCE, VENTED. An appliance designed and installed in such a
manner that all of the products of combustion are conveyed directly from
the appliance to the outside atmosphere through an approved chimney or
vent system.
APPROVED. Acceptable to the commissioner. In reference to construction
documents, the determination by the department after full examination
that submitted construction documents comply with this code and other
applicable laws and rules. In reference to materials, the determination
by the commissioner that material is acceptable for its intended use.
See Section 28-101.5 of the Administrative Code.
APPROVED AGENCY. An established and recognized agency, or other
qualified person, regularly engaged in conducting tests or furnishing
inspection services, when approved pursuant to department rules as
qualified to perform or witness identified testing or inspection
services. See Chapter 1 of Title 28 of the Administrative Code.
APPROVED INSPECTION AGENCY. An approved agency that is approved by the
department as qualified to perform one or more of the inspections
required by this code. See Chapter 1 of Title 28 of the Administrative
Code.
APPROVED TESTING AGENCY. An approved agency that is approved by the
department as qualified to test and evaluate the performance of one or
more of the materials regulated in their use by this code. Such term
shall include, when approved pursuant to department rules, a third party
testing or certification agency, evaluation agency, testing laboratory,
testing service or other entity concerned with product evaluation. See
Chapter 1 of Title 28 of the Administrative Code.
ARCHITECT. A person licensed and registered to practice the profession
of architecture under the Education Law of the state of New York.
AUTOMATIC BOILER. Any class of boiler that is equipped with the
controls and limit devices specified in Chapter 10.
BATHROOM. A room containing a bathtub, shower, spa or similar bathing
fixture.
BOILER, HIGH-PRESSURE. An appliance (equipment) for supplying steam of
hot water that, for a steam boiler, operates at a pressure of more than
15 psig (103 kPa gauge), and for a hot water boiler, operates at a
pressure exceeding 160 psig (1103 kPa gauge) or at a temperature
exceeding 250°F (121°C).
BOILER, LOW-PRESSURE. A self-contained appliance for supplying steam
or hot water as follows:
Hot water heating boiler. A boiler in which no steam is generated,
from which hot water is circulated for heating purposes and then
returned to the boiler, and that operates at water pressures not
exceeding 160 pounds per square inch gauge (psig) (1103 kPa gauge) and
at water temperatures not exceeding 250°F (1212°C) at or near the boiler
outlet.
Hot water supply boiler. A boiler, completely filled with water, which
furnishes hot water to be used externally to itself, and that operates
at water pressures not exceeding 160 psig (1103 kPa gauge) and at water
temperatures not exceeding 250°F (121°C) at or near the boiler outlet.
Steam-heating boiler. See "steam-heating boiler".
BOILER ROOM. A room primarily utilized for the installation of a
boiler.
BRAZED JOINT. A gas-tight joint obtained by the joining of metal parts
with metallic mixtures or alloys which melt at a temperature above
1,000°F (538°C), but lower than the melting temperature of the parts to
be joined.
BRAZING. A metal joining process wherein coalescence is produced by
the use of a nonferrous filler metal having a melting point above
1,000°F (538°C), but lower than that of the base metal being joined. The
filler material is distributed between the closely fitted surfaces of
the joint by capillary attraction.
Btu. Abbreviation for British thermal unit, which is the quantity of
heat required to raise the temperature of 1 pound (454 g) of water 1°F
(0.56°C) (1 Btue = 1055 J).
BUILDING. Any structure used or intended for supporting or sheltering
any use or occupancy. The term shall be construed as if followed by the
phrase "structure, premises, lot or part thereof" unless otherwise
indicated by the text. See Section 28-101.5 of the Administrative code.
CEILING RADIATION DAMPER. A device installed to limit radiant heat
transfer through an air outlet or air inlet opening in the ceiling of a
floor-ceiling or roof-ceiling assembly, which device has not less than a
1-hour fire-resistance rating.
CHIMNEY. A primarily vertical structure containing one or more flues,
for the purpose of carrying gaseous products of combustion and air from
a fuel-burning appliance to the outside atmosphere.
Factory-built chimney. A listed and labeled chimney composed of
factory-made components, assembled in the field in accordance with
manufacturer's instructions and the conditions of the listing.
Masonry chimney. A field-constructed chimney composed of solid masonry
units, bricks, stones or concrete.
Metal chimney. A field-constructed chimney of metal.
CHIMNEY CONNECTOR. A pipe or metal breeching that connects a
fuel-burning appliance to a chimney.
CLEARANCE. The minimum distance through air measured between the
heat-producing surface of the mechanical appliance, device or equipment
and the surface of the combustible material or assembly.
CLOSED COMBUSTION SOLID-FUEL-BURNING APPLIANCE. A heat-producing
appliance that employs a combustion chamber that has no openings other
than the flue collar, fuel charging door and adjustable openings
provided to control the amount of combustion air that enters the
combustion chamber.
CLOTHES DRYER. An appliance used to dry wet laundry by means of heat.
Dryer classifications are as follows:
Type 1. Factory-built package, multiple production. Primarily used in
family living environment. Usually the smallest unit physically and in
function output.
Type 2. Factory-built package, multiple production. Used in business
with direct intercourse of the function with the public. Not designed
for use in individual family living environment.
COMBUSTIBLE ASSEMBLY. Wall, floor, ceiling or other assembly
constructed of one or more component materials that are not defined as
noncombustible.
COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS. Any liquids having a flash point at or above
100°F (38°C), and that are divided into the following characteristics:
Class II. Liquids having flash points at or above 100°F (38°C) and
below 140°f (60°C).
Class IIIA. Liquids having flash points at or above 140°F (60°C) and
below 200°F (93°C).
Class IIIB. Liquids having flash points at or above 200°F (93°C).
COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL. Any material not defined as noncombustible.
COMBUSTION. In the context of this code, refers to the rapid oxidation
of fuel accompanied by the production of heat or heat and light.
COMBUSTION AIR. Air necessary for complete combustion of a fuel,
including theoretical air and excess air.
COMBUSTION CHAMBER. The portion of an appliance within which
combustion occurs.
COMBUSTION PRODUCTS. Constituents resulting from the combustion of a
fuel with the oxygen of the air, including the inert gases, but
excluding excess air.
COMMERCIAL COOKING RECIRCULATING SYSTEM. Self-contained system
consisting of the exhaust hood, the cooking equipment, the filters, and
the fire suppression system. The system is designed to capture cooking
vapors and residues generated from commercial cooking equipment. The
system removes contaminants from the exhaust air and recirculates the
air to the space from which it was withdrawn.
COMMERCIAL COOKING APPLIANCES. Appliances used in a commercial food
service establishment for heating or cooking food and which produce
grease vapors, steam, fumes, smoke or odors that are required to be
removed through a local exhaust ventilation system. Such appliances
include deep fat fryers; upright broilers; griddles; broilers;
steam-jacketed kettles; hot-top ranges; under-fired broilers
(charbroilers); ovens; barbecues; rotisseries; and similar appliances.
For the purpose of this definition, a food service establishment shall
include any building or a portion thereof used for the preparation and
serving of food.
COMMERCIAL KITCHEN HOODS.
Backshelf Hood. A backshelf hood is also referred to as a
low-proximity hood, or as a sidewall hood where wall mounted. Its front
lower lip is low over the appliance(s) and is "set back" from the front
of the appliance(s). It is always closed to the rear of the appliances
by a panel where free-standing, or by a panel or wall where wall
mounted, and its height above the cooking surface varies. (This style of
hood can be constructed with partial end panels to increase its
effectiveness in capturing the effluent generated by the cooking
operation).
Double Island Canopy Hood. A double island canopy hood is placed over
back to back appliances or appliance lines. It is open on all sides and
overhangs both fronts and the sides of the appliance(s). It could have a
wall panel between the backs of the appliances. (The fact that exhaust
air is drawn from both sides of the double canopy to meet in the center
causes each side of this hood to emulate a wall canopy hood, and thus it
functions must the same with or without an actual wall panel between the
backs of the appliances).
Eyebrow Hood. An eyebrow hood is mounted directly to the face of an
appliance, such as an oven and dishwasher, above the opening(s) or
door(s) from which effluent is emitted, extending past the sides and
overhanging the front of the opening to capture the effluent.
Pass-over Hood. A pass-over hood is a free-standing form of a
backshelf hood constructed low enough to pass food over the top.
Single Island Canopy Hood. A single island canopy hood is placed over
a single appliance or appliance line. It is open on all sides and
overhangs the front, rear, and sides of the appliance(s). A single
island canopy is more susceptible to cross drafts and requires a greater
exhaust air flow than an equivalent sized wall-mounted canopy to capture
and contain effluent generated by the cooking operation(s).
Wall Canopy Hood. A wall canopy exhaust hood is mounted against a wall
above a single appliance or line of appliance(s), or it could be
free-standing with a back panel from the rear of the appliances to the
hood. It overhangs the front and sides of the appliance(s) on all open
sides. The wall acts as a back panel, forcing the makeup air to be drawn
across the front of the cooking equipment, thus increasing the
effectiveness of the hood to capture ad contain effluent generated by
the cooking operation(s).
COMMISSIONER. The Commissioner of Buildings of the City of New York or
his or her duly authorized representative. See Section 28-101.5 of the
Administrative Code.
COMPENSATING HOODS. Compensating hoods are those having integral
(built-in) makeup air supply. The makeup air supply for such hoods is
generally supplied from: short-circuit flow from inside the hood, air
curtain flow from the bottom of the front face, and front face discharge
from the outside front wall of the hood. The compensating makeup airflow
can also be supplied from the rear or side of the hood, or the rear,
front, or sides of the cooking equipment. The makeup air flow can be one
or a combination of methods.
COMPRESSOR. A specific machine, with or without accessories, for
compressing a gas.
COMPRESSOR, POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT. A compressor in which increase in
pressure is attained by changing the internal volume of the compression
chamber.
COMPRESSOR UNIT. A compressor with its prime mover and accessories.
CONCEALED LOCATION. A location that cannot be accessed without
damaging permanent parts of the building structure or finished surface.
Spaces above, below or behind readily removable panels or doors shall
not be considered as concealed.
CONDENSATE. The liquid that condenses from a gas (including flue gas)
caused by a reduction in temperature or increase in pressure.
CONDENSER. A heat exchanger designed to liquefy refrigerant vapor by
removal of heat.
CONDENSING UNIT. A specific refrigerating machine combination for a
given refrigerant, consisting of one or more power-driven compressors,
condensers, liquid receivers (when required), and the regularly
furnished accessories.
CONDITIONED SPACE. An area, room or space being heated or cooled by
any equipment or appliance.
CONFINED SPACES. A space having a volume less than 50 cubic feet per
1,000 British thermal units per hour (BTU/h) (4.8 m{3}/kW) of the
aggregate input rating of all appliances installed in that space.
CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTS. Plans and specifications and other written,
graphic and pictorial documents, prepared or assembled for describing
the design, location and physical characteristics of the elements of the
project necessary for obtaining a building permit. See Section 28-101.5
of the Administrative Code.
CONTROL. A manual or automatic device designed to regulate the gas,
air, water or electrical supply to, or operation of, a mechanical
system.
CONVERSION BURNER. A burner designed to supply gaseous fuel to an
appliance originally designed to utilize another fuel.
COOKING APPLIANCE. See "Commercial cooking appliances."
DAMPER. A manually or automatically controlled device to regulate
draft or the rate of flow of air combustion gases.
Volume damper. A device that, when installed, will restrict, retard or
direct the flow of air in a duct, or the products of combustion in a
heat-producing appliance, its vent connector, vent or chimney therefrom.
DESIGN WORKING PRESSURE. The maximum allowable working pressure for
which a specific part of a system is designed.
DIRECT REFRIGERATION SYSTEM. A system in which the evaporator or
condenser of the refrigerating system is in direct contact with the air
or other substance to be cooled or heated.
DIRECT-VENT APPLIANCES. Appliances that are constructed and installed
so that all air for combustion is derived from the outside atmosphere
and all flue gases are discharged to the outside atmosphere.
DRAFT. The pressure difference existing between the equipment or any
component part and the atmosphere, that causes a continuous flow of air
and products of combustion through the gas passages of the appliance to
the atmosphere.
Induced draft. The pressure difference created by the action of a fan,
blower or ejector, that is located between the appliance and the chimney
or vent termination.
Natural draft. The pressure difference created by a vent or chimney
because of its height, and the temperature difference between the flue
gases and the atmosphere.DRIP. The container placed at a low point in a
system of piping to collect condensate and from which the condensate is
removable.
DRY CLEANING SYSTEMS. Dry cleaning plans or systems are classified as
follows:
Type I. Those systems using Class I flammable liquid solvents having a
flash point below 100°F (38°C).
Type II. Those systems using Class II combustible liquid solvents
having a flash point at or above 100°F (38°C) and below 140°F (60°C).
Type III. Those systems using Class III combustible liquid solvents
having a flash point at or above 140°F (60°C).
Types IV and V. Those systems using Class IV nonflammable liquid
solvents.
DUCT. A tube or conduit utilized for conveying air. The air passages
of self-contained systems are not to be construed as air ducts.
DUCT FURNACE. A warm-air furnace normally installed in an air
distribution duct to supply warm air for heating. This definition shall
apply only to a warm-air heating appliance that, for air circulation,
depends on a blower not furnished as part of the furnace.
DUCT SYSTEM. A continuous passageway for the transmission or air that,
in addition to ducts, includes duct fittings, dampers, plenums, fans and
accessory air-handling equipment and appliances.
DWELLING. A building or structure that is occupied in whole or in part
as the home, residence or sleeping place of one or more families.
DWELLING UNIT. A single unit consisting of one or more habitable rooms
and occupied or arranged to be occupied as a unit separate from all
other units within a dwelling.
ELECTRIC HEATING APPLIANCE. An appliance that produces heat energy to
create a warm environment by the application of electric power to
resistance elements, refrigerant compressors or dissimilar material
junctions.
ENERGY RECOVERY VENTILATION SYSTEM. Systems that employ air-to-air
heat exchangers to recover energy from or reject energy to exhaust air
fro the purpose of preheating, precooling, humidifying or dehumidifying
outdoor ventilation air prior to supplying such air to a space, either
directly or as part of an HVAC system.
ENGINEER. A person licensed and registered to practice the profession
of engineering under the Education Law of the State of New York.
ENVIRONMENTAL AIR. Air that is supplied, returned, recirculated, or
exhausted from a space for the purpose of modifying the existing
atmosphere within a building.
EQUIPMENT. All piping, ducts, vents, control devices and other
components of systems other than appliances which are permanently
installed and integrated to provide control of environmental conditions
for buildings. This definition shall also include other systems
specifically regulated in this code.
EQUIPMENT, EXISTING. Any equipment regulated by this code which was
legally installed prior to the effective date of this code, or for which
a permit to install has been issued.
EVAPORATIVE COOLER. A device used for reducing the sensible heat of
air for cooling by the process of evaporation of water into an
airstream.
EVAPORATIVE COOLING SYSTEM. The equipment and appliances intended or
installed for the purpose of environmental cooling by an evaporative
cooler from which the conditioned air is distributed through ducts or
plenums to the conditioned area.
EVAPORATOR. That part of the system in which liquid refrigerant is
vaporized to produce refrigeration.
EXCESS AIR. The amount of air provided in addition to theoretical air
to achieve complete combustion of a fuel, thereby preventing the
formation of dangerous-products of combustion.
EXHAUST SYSTEM. An assembly of connected ducts, plenumns, fittings,
registers, grilles and hoods through which air is conducted from a space
or spaces and exhausted to the outside atmosphere.
EXTRA-HEAVY DUTY COOKING APPLIANCE. Extra-heavy duty cooking
appliances include appliances utilizing solid fuel such as wood,
charcoal, briquettes, and mesquite as the primary source of heat for
cooking.
FIREPLACE. An assembly consisting of a hearth and fire chamber of
noncombustible material and provided with a chimney, for sue with solid
fuels.
Factory-build fireplace. A listed and labeled fireplace and chimney
system composed of factory-made components, and assembled in the field
in accordance with manufacturer's instructions and the conditions of the
listing.
Masonry fireplace. A field-constructed fireplace composed of solid
masonry units, bricks, stones or concrete.
FIREPLACE STOVE. A free-standing chimney-connected solid-fuel-burning
heater, designed to be operated with the fire chamber doors in either
the open or closed position.
FLAME SAFEGUARD. A device that will automatically shut off the fuel
supply to a main burner or group of burners when the mans of ignition of
such burners becomes inoperative, and when flame failure occurs on the
burner or group of burners.
FLAME SPREAD INDEX. The numerical value assigned to a material tested
in accordance with ASTM E 84.
FLAMMABILITY CLASSIFICATION. Refrigerants shall be assigned to one of
the three classes-1, 2 or 3-in accordance with ASHRAE 34.
FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS. Any liquid that has a flash point below 100°F
(38°C), and has a vapor pressure not exceeding 40 psig (276 KPa) at
100°F (38°C). Flammable liquids shall be known as Class I liquids and
shall be divided into the following classifications:
Class IA. Liquids having a flash point below 73°F (23°C) and a boiling
point below 100°F (38°C).
Class IB. Liquids having a flash point below 73°F (23°C) and a boiling
point at or above 100°F (38°C).
Class IC. Liquids having a flash point at or above 73°F (23°C) and
below 100°F (38°C).
FLAMMABLE VAPOR OR FUMES. Mixtures of gases in air at concentrations
equal to or greater than the LFL and less than or equal to the upper
flammability limit (UFL).
FLASH POINT. The minimum temperature corrected to a pressure of 14.7
psig (101 kPa) at which the application of a test flame causes the
vapors of a portion of the sample to ignite under the conditions
specified by the test procedures and apparatus. The flash point of a
liquid shall be determined in accordance with ASTM D 56, ASTM D 93 or
ASTM D 3278.
FLOOR AREA, NET. The actual occupied area, not including unoccupied
accessory areas or thickness of walls.
FLOOR FURNACE. A completely self-contained furnace suspended from the
floor of the space being heated, taking air for combustion from outside
such space and with means for observing flames and lighting the
appliance from such space.
FLUE. A passageway within a chimney or vent through which gaseous
combustion products pass.
FLUE CONNECTION (BREECHING). A passage fro conducting the products of
combustion from a fuel-fired appliance to the vent or chimney (see also
"Chimney connector" and "Vent connector").
FLUE GASES. Products of combustion of excess air.
FLUE LINER (LINING). A system or material used to form the inside
surface of a flue in a chimney or vent, for the purpose of protecting
the surrounding structure from the effects of combustion products and
conveying combustion products without leakage into the atmosphere.
FUEL GAS. A natural gas, manufactured gas, liquefied petroleum gas or
a mixture of these.
FUEL OIL. Kerosene or any hydrocarbon oil having a flash point not
less than 100°F (38°C).
FUEL-OIL PIPING SYSTEM. A closed piping system that connects a
combustible liquid from a source of supply to a fuel-oil-burning
appliance.
FURNACE. A completely self-contained heating unit that is designed to
supply heated air to spaces remote from or adjacent to the appliance
location.
FURNACE ROOM. A room primarily utilized for the installation of
fuel-burning space-heating and water-heating appliances other than
boilers (see also "Boiler room").
FUSIBLE PLUG. A device arranged to relieve pressure by operation of a
fusible member at a predetermined temperature.
GROUND SOURCE HEAT PUMP LOOP SYSTEM. Piping buried in horizontal or
vertical excavations or placed in a body of water for the purpose of
transporting heat transfer liquid to and from a heat pump. Included in
this definition are closed loop systems in which the liquid is
recirculated and open loop systems in which the liquid is drawn from a
well or other source.
HAZARDOUS LOCATION. Any location considered to be a fire hazard fro
flammable vapors, dust, combustible fibers or other highly combustible
substances. The location is not necessarily categorized in the New York
City Building Code as a high-hazard use group classification.
HEAT EXCHANGER. A device that transfers heat from one medium to
another.
HEAT PUMP. A refrigeration system that extracts heat from one
substance and transfers it to another portion of the same substance or
to a second substance at a higher temperature for a beneficial purpose.
HEAT TRANSFER LIQUID. The operating or thermal storage liquid in a
mechanical system, including water or other liquid base, and additives
at the concentration present under operating conditions used to move
heat from one location to another. Refrigerants are not included as heat
transfer liquids.
HEAVY-DUTY COOKING APPLIANCE. Heavy-duty cooking appliances include
electric under-fired broilers, electric chain (conveyor) broilers, gas
under-fired broilers, gas chain (conveyor) broilers, gas open-burner
ranges (with or without oven), electric and gas wok ranges, and electric
and gas over-fired (upright) broilers and salamanders.
HIGH-PROBABILITY SYSTEMS. A refrigeration system in which the basic
design or the location of components is such that a leakage of
refrigerant from a failed connection, seal or component will enter an
occupancy classified area, other than the machinery room
HIGH-SIDE PRESSURE. The parts of refrigerating system subject to
condenser pressure.
HOOD. An air-intake device used to capture by entrapment, impingement,
adhesion or similar means, grease and similar contaminants before the
enter a duct system.
Type I. A kitchen hood for collecting and removing grease vapors and
smoke.
Type II. A general kitchen hood for collecting and removing steam,
vapor, heat and odors.
HOOD, FUME. A hood used to hazardous exhaust systems.
HYDROGEN GENERATING APPLIANCE. A self-contained package or
factory-matched packages of integrated systems for generating gaseous
hydrogen. Hydrogen generating appliances utilize electrolysis,
reformation, chemical, or other processes to generate hydrogen.
IGNITION SOURCE. A flame, spark or hot surface capable of igniting
flammable vapors or fumes. Such sources include appliance burners,
burner ignitors and electrical switching devices.
IMMEDIATELY DANGEROUS TO LIFE OR HEALTH (IDLH). The concentration of
air-borne contaminants that poses a threat of death, immediate or
delayed permanent adverse health effects, or effects that could prevent
escape from such an environment. This contaminant concentration level is
established by the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health
(NIOSH) based on both toxicity and flammability. It is generally
expressed in parts per million by volume (ppm v/v) or milligrams per
cubic meter (mg/m{3}).
INDIRECT REFRIGERATION SYSTEM. A system in which a secondary coolant
cooled or heated by the refrigerating system is circulated to the air or
other substance to be cooled or heated. Indirect systems are
distinguished by the method of application shown below:
Closed system. A system in which a secondary fluid is either cooled or
heated by the refrigerating system and then circulated within a closed
circuit in indirect contact with the air or other substance to be cooled
or heated.
Double-indirect open-spray system. A system in which the secondary
substance for an indirect open-spray system is heated or cooled by an
intermediate coolant circulated from a second enclosure.
Open-spray system. A system in which a secondary coolant is cooled or
heated by the refrigerating system and then circulated in direct contact
with the air or other substance to be cooled or heated.
Vented closed system. A system in which a secondary coolant is cooled
or heated by the refrigerating system and then passed through a closed
circuit in the air or other substance to be cooled or heated, except
that the evaporator or condenser is placed in an open or appropriately
vented tank.
JOINT, FLANGED. A joint made by bolting together a pair of flanged
ends.
JOINT, FLARED. A metal-to-metal compression joint in which a conical
spread is made on the end of a tube that is compressed by a flare nut
against a mating flare.
JOINT, MECHANICAL. A general form of gas-tight joints obtained by the
joining of metal parts through a positive-holding mechanical
construction, such as flanged joint, screwed joint or flared joint.
JOINT, PLASTIC ADHESIVE. A joint made in thermoset plastic piping by
the use of an adhesive substance which forms a continuous bond between
the mating surfaces without dissolving either one of them.
JOINT, PLASTIC HEAT FUSION. A joint made in thermoplastic piping by
heating the parts sufficiently to permit fusion of the materials when
the parts are pressed together.
JOINT, PLASTIC SOLVENT CEMENT. A joint made in thermoplastic piping by
the use of a solvent or solvent cement which forms a continuous bond
between the mating surfaces.
JOINT, SOLDERED. A gas-tight joint obtained by the joining of metal
parts with metallic mixtures of alloys which melt at temperatures
between 400°F (204°C) and 1,000°F (538°C).
JOINT, WELDED. A gas-tight joint obtained by the joining of metal
parts in molten state.
LABELED. Material to which has been attached a label, symbol or other
identifying mark of the manufacturer that contains the name of the
manufacturer, the function and performance characteristics of the
product or material, and the name and identification of an approved
agency and that indicates that a representative sample of the material
has been tested and evaluated by an approved agency for compliance with
nationally recognized standards or tests to determine suitable usage in
a specified manner. See Section 28-101.5 of the Administrative Code.
LIGHT-DUTY COOKING APPLIANCE. Light-duty cooking appliances include
gas and electric ovens (including standard, bake, roasting, revolving,
retherm, convection, combination convection/steamer, conveyor, deck or
deck-style pizza, and pastry), electric and gas steam-jacketed kettles,
electric and gas compartment steamers (both pressure and atmospheric)
and electric and gas cheesemelters.
LIMIT CONTROL. A device responsive to changes in pressure, temperature
or level for turning on, shutting off or throttling the gas supply to an
appliance.
LIMITED CHARGE SYSTEM. A system in which, with the compressor idle,
the design pressure will not be exceeded when the refrigerant charge has
completely evaporated.
LISTED. Material identified in a list published by an approved agency
that maintains periodic inspection of production of listed material or
periodic evaluation services and whose listing states either that the
material meets identified nationally recognized standards or has been
tested and found suitable for a specified purpose when installed in
accordance with the manufacturer's installation instruction. See Section
28-101.5 of the Administrative Code.
LIVING SPACE. Space within a dwelling unit utilized for living,
sleeping, eating, cooking, bathing, washing and sanitation purposes.
LOWER EXPLOSIVE LIMIT (LEL). See "LFL".
LOWER FLAMMABILITY LIMIT (LFL). The minimum concentration of
refrigerant that is capable of propagating a flame through a homogenous
mixture of refrigerant and air.
LOW-PRESSURE HOT-WATER-HEATING BOILER. A boiler furnishing hot water a
pressures not exceeding 160 psig (1103 kPa) and at temperatures not
exceeding 250°F (121°C).
LOW-PRESSURE STEAM-HEATING BOILER. A boiler furnishing steam at
pressures not exceeding 15 psig (103 kPa).
LOW-PROBABILITY SYSTEMS. A refrigeration system in which the basic
design or the location of components is such that a leakage of
refrigerant from a failed connection, seal or component will not enter
an occupancy-classified area, other than the machinery room.
LOW-SIDE PRESSURE. The parts of a refrigerating system subject to
evaporator pressure.
MACHINERY ROOM. A room meeting prescribed safety requirements and in
which refrigeration systems or components thereof are located (see
Sections 1105 and 1106).
MECHANICAL DRAFT SYSTEM. A venting system designed to remove flue or
vent gases by mechanical means, that consists of an induced-draft
portion under nonpositive static pressure or a forced-draft portion
under positive static pressure.
Forced-draft venting system. A portion of a venting system using a fan
or other mechanical means to cause the removal of flue or vent gases
under nonpositive static vent pressure.
Power venting system. A portion of a venting system using a fan or
other mechanical means to cause the removal of flue or vent gases under
positive static vent pressure.
MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT/APPLIANCE ROOM. A room or space in which
nonfuel-fired mechanical equipment and appliances are located.
MECHANICAL EXHAUST SYSTEM. A system for removing air from a room or
space by mechanical means.
MECHANICAL JOINT. A connection between pipes, fittings, or pipes and
fittings, which is neither screwed, caulked, threaded, soldered, solvent
cemented, brazed nor welded. Also, a joint in which compression is
applied along the centerline of the pieces being joined. Some joints are
part of a coupling, fitting or adapter.
MECHANICAL SYSTEM. A system specifically addressed and regulated in
this code and composed of components, devices, appliances and equipment
which become part of the building.
MEDIUM-DUTY COOKING APPLIANCE. Medium-duty cooking appliances include
electric discrete element ranges (with or without oven), electric and
gas hot-top ranges. electric and gas griddles, electric and gas
double-sided griddles, electric and gas fryers (including open deep fat
fryers, donut fryers, kettle fryers, and pressure fryers), electric and
gas pasta cookers, electric and gas conveyor pizza ovens, electric and
gas tilting skillets (braising pans) and electric and gas rotisseries.
MODULAR BOILER. A steam or hot-water-heating assembly consisting of a
group of individual boilers called modules intended to be installed as a
unit with no intervening stop valves. Modules are under one jacket or
are individually jacketed. The individual modules shall be limited to a
maximum input rating of 400,000 Btu/h (117 228 W/h) gas, 3 gallons per
hour (gph) (11.4 L/h) oil, or 115 kW (electric).
NATURAL DRAFT SYSTEM. A venting system designed to remove flue or vent
gases under nonpositive static vent pressure entirely by natural draft.
NATURAL VENTILATION. The movement of air into and out of a space
through intentionally provided openings, such as windows and doors, or
through nonpowered ventilators.
NONABRASIVE/ABRASIVE MATERIALS. Nonabrasive particulate in high
concentrations, moderately abrasive particulate in low and moderate
conditions, and highly abrasive particulate in low concentrations, such
as alfalfa, asphalt, plaster, gypsum and salt.
NONCOMBUSTIBLE MATERIALS. Materials that, when tested in accordance
with ASTM E 136, have at least three of four specimens tested meeting
all of the following criteria:
1. The recorded temperature of the surface and interior thermocouples
shall not at any time during the test rise more than 54°F (30°C) above
the furnace temperature at the beginning of the test.
2. There shall not be flaming from the specimen after the first 30
seconds.
3. If the weight loss of the specimen during testing exceeds 50
percent, the recorded temperature of the surface and interior
thermocouples shall not at any time during the test rise above the
furnace air temperature at the beginning of the test, and there shall
not be flaming of the specimen.
OCCUPANCY. The purpose or activity for which a building or space is
used or is designed, arranged or intended to be used.
OFFSET (VENT). A combination of approved bends that make two changes
in direction bringing one section of the vent out of line but into a
line parallel with the other section.
OUTDOOR AIR. Air taken from the outdoors, and therefore not previously
circulated through the system.
OUTDOOR OPENING. A door, window, louver or skylight openable to the
outside atmosphere.
OUTLET, GAS. A threaded connection or bolted flange in a piping system
to which a gas-burning appliance is attached.
PANEL HEATING. A method of radiant space heating in which heat is
supplied by large heated areas of room surfaces. The heating element
usually consists of warm water piping, warm air ducts, or electrical
resistance elements embedded in or located behind ceiling, wall or floor
surfaces.
PELLET FUEL-BURNING APPLIANCE. A closed-combustion, vented appliance
equipped with a fuel-feed mechanism for burning processed pellets of
solid fuel of a specified size and composition.
PIPING. Where used in this code, "piping" refers to either pipe or
tubing, or both.
Pipe. A rigid conduit of iron, steel, copper, brass or plastic.
Tubing. Semirigid conduit of copper, aluminum, plastic or steel.
PLASTIC, THERMOPLASTIC. A plastic that is capable of being repeatedly
softened by increase of temperature and hardened by decrease of
temperature.
PLASTIC, THERMOSETTING. A plastic that is capable of being changed
into a substantially infusible or insoluble product when cured under
application of heat or chemical means.
PLENUM. A compartment or chamber located in one story only to which
one or more air ducts are connected and which forms part of the air
supply or return system and may be part of the building construction,
such as the concealed space above a ceiling.
PORTABLE FUEL CELL APPLIANCE. A fuel cell generator of electricity,
which is not fixed in place. A portable fuel cell appliance utilizes a
cord and plug connection to a grid-isolated load and has an integral
fuel supply.
POWER BOILER. See "Boiler".
PREMISES. Land, improvements, thereon, or any part thereof.
PRESSURE, FIELD TEST. A test performance in the field to prove system
tightness.
PRESSURE-LIMITING DEVICE. A pressure-responsive mechanism designed to
stop automatically the operation of the pressure-imposing element at a
predetermined pressure.
PRESSURE RELIEF DEVICE. A pressure-activated valve or rupture member
designed to relieve excessive pressure automatically.
PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE. A pressure-activated valve held closed by a
spring or other means and designed to relieve pressure automatically in
excess of the device's setting.
PRESSURE VESSELS. Closed containers, tanks or vessels that are
designed to contain liquids or gases, or both, under pressure.
PRESSURE VESSELS-REFRIGERANT. Any refrigerant-containing receptacle in
a refrigerating system. This does not include evaporators where each
separate section does not exceed 0.5 cubic foot (0.014 m{3}) of
refrigerant-containing volume, regardless of the maximum inside
dimensions, evaporator coils, controls, headers, pumps and piping.
PROTECTIVE ASSEMBLY (REDUCED CLEARANCE). Any noncombustible assembly
that is labeled or constructed in accordance with Table 308.6 and is
placed between combustible materials or assemblies and mechanical
appliances, devices or equipment, for the purpose of reducing required
airspace clearances. Protective assemblies attached directly to a
combustible assembly shall not be considered as part of that combustible
assembly.
PURGE. To clear of air, water or other foreign substances.
QUICK-OPENING VALVE. A valve that opens completely by fast action,
either manually or automatically controlled. A valve requiring
one-quarter round turn or less is considered to be quick opening.
RADIANT HEATER. A heater designed to transfer heat primarily by direct
radiation.
READY ACCESS (TO). That which enables a device, appliance or equipment
to be directly reaches, without requiring the removal or movement of any
panel, door or similar obstruction (see "Access (to)").
RECEIVER, LIQUID. A vessel permanently connected to a refrigeration
system by inlet and outlet pipes for storage of liquid refrigerant.
RECIRCULATED AIR. Air removed from a conditioned space and intended
for reuse as supply air.
RECLAIMED REFRIGERANTS. Refrigerants reprocessed to the same
specifications as for new refrigerants by means including distillation.
Such refrigerants have been chemically analyzed to verify that the
specifications have been met. Reclaiming usually implies the use of
processes or procedures that are available only at a reprocessing or
manufacturing facility.
RECOVERED REFRIGERANTS. Refrigerants removed from a system in any
condition without necessarily testing or processing them.
RECYCLED REFRIGERANTS. Refrigerants from which contaminants have been
reduced by oil separation, removal of noncondensable gases, and single
or multiple passes through devices that reduce moisture, acidity and
particulate matter, such as replaceable core filter dryers. These
procedures usually are performed at the field job site or in a local
service shop.
REFRIGERANT. A substance utilized to produce refrigeration by its
expansion or vaporization.
REFRIGERANT SAFETY CLASSIFICATIONS. Groupings that indicate the
toxicity and flammability classes in accordance with ASHRAE 34.
REFRIGERATED ROOM OR SPACE. A room or space in which an evaporator or
brine coil is located for the purpose of reducing or controlling the
temperature within the room or space to below 68°F (20°C).
REFRIGERATING SYSTEM. A combination of interconnected
refrigerant-containing parts constituting one closed refrigerant circuit
in which a refrigerant is circulated for the purpose of extracting heat.
REFRIGERATION MACHINERY ROOM. See "machinery room."
REFRIGERATION SYSTEM, ABSORPTION. A heat-operated,
closed-refrigeration cycle in which a secondary fluid (the absorbent)
absorbs a primary fluid (the refrigerant) that has been vaporized in the
evaporator.
Direct system. A system in which the evaporator is in direct contact
with the material or space refrigerated, or is located in
air-circulating passages communicating with such spaces.
Indirect system. A system in which a brine coil cooled by the
refrigerant is circulated to the material or space refrigerated, or is
utilized to cool the air so circulated. Indirect systems are
distinguished by the type or method of application.
REFRIGERATION SYSTEM CLASSIFICATION. Refrigeration systems are
classified according to the degree of probability that leaked
refrigerant from a failed connection, seal or component will enter an
occupied area. The distinction is based on the basic design or location
of the components.
REFRIGERATION SYSTEM, MECHANICAL. A combination of interconnected
refrigeration-containing parts constituting one closed refrigerant
circuit in which a refrigerant is circulated for the purpose of
extracting heat and in which a compressor is used for compressing the
refrigerant vapor.
REFRIGERATION SYSTEM, SELF-CONTAINED. A complete factory-assembled and
tested system that is shipped in one or more sections and has no
refrigerant-containing parts that are joined in the field by other than
companion or block valves.
REGISTERED DESIGN PROFESSIONAL. Refer to Chapter 1 of Title 28 of the
Administrative Code.
RETURN AIR. Air removed from an approved conditioned space or location
and recirculated or exhausted to the outside atmosphere.
RETURN AIR SYSTEM. An assembly of connected ducts, plenums, fittings,
registers and grilles through which air from the space or spaces to be
heated or cooled is conducted back to the supply unit (see also "Supply
air system").
ROOM HEATER, VENTED. A free-standing heating unit burning solid or
liquid fuel for direct heating of the space in and adjacent to that in
which the unit is located.
SAFETY VALVE. A valve that relieves pressure in a steam boiler by
opening fully at the rated discharge pressure. The valve is of the
spring-pop type.
SELF-CONTAINED EQUIPMENT. Complete, factory-assembled and tested,
heating, air-conditioning or refrigeration equipment installed as a
single unit, and having all working parts, complete with motive power,
in an enclosed unit of said machinery.
SHAFT. An enclosed space extending through one or more stories of a
building, connecting vertical openings in successive floors, or floors
and the roof.
SHAFT ENCLOSURE. The walls or construction forming the boundaries of a
shaft.
SMOKE DAMPER. A listed device that is designed to resist the passage
of air and smoke. The device is arranged to operate automatically,
controlled by a smoke detection system, and when required, is capable of
being positioned manually from a remote command station.
SMOKE-DEVELOPED INDEX. A numerical value assigned to a material tested
in accordance with ASTM E 84.
SOLID FUEL (COOKING APPLICATIONS). Applicable to commercial food
service operations only, solid fuel is any bulk material such as
hardwood, mesquite, charcoal or briquettes that is combusted to produce
heat for cooking operations.
SOURCE CAPTURE SYSTEM. A mechanical exhaust system designed and
constructed to capture air contaminants at their source and to exhaust
such contaminants to the outdoor atmosphere.
STATIONARY FUEL CELL POWER PLANT. A self-contained package or
factory-matched packages which constitute an automatically operated
assembly of integrated systems for generating useful electrical energy
and recoverable thermal energy that is permanently connected and fixed
in place.
STEAM-HEATING BOILER. A boiler operated at pressures not exceeding 15
psig (103 kPa gauge) for steam.
STOP VALVE. A shutoff valve for controlling the flow of liquid or
gases.
STORY. That portion of a building included between the upper surface
of a floor and the upper surface of the floor next above, except that
the topmost story shall be that portion of a building included between
the upper surface of the topmost floor and the ceiling or roof above.
STRENGTH, ULTIMATE. The highest stress level that the component will
tolerate without rupture.
SUPPLY AIR. That air delivered to each or any space supplied by the
air distribution system or the total air delivered to all spaces
supplied by the air distribution system, which is provided for
ventilating, heating, cooling, humidification, dehumidification and
other similar purposes.
SUPPLY AIR SYSTEM. An assembly of connected ducts, plenums, fittings,
registers and grilles through which air, heated or cooled, is conducted
from the supply unit to the space or spaces to be heated or cooled (see
also "Return air system").
THEORETICAL AIR. The exact amount of air required to supply oxygen for
complete combustion of a given quantity of a specific fuel.
THERMAL RESISTANCE (R). A measure of the ability to retard the flow of
heat. The R-value is the reciprocal of thermal conductance.
TLV-TWA (THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUE-TIME WEIGHTED AVERAGE). The
time-weighted average concentration of a refrigerant or other chemical
in air for a normal 8-hour workday and a 40-hour workweek, to which
nearly all workers are repeatedly exposed, day after day, without
adverse effects, as adopted by the American Conference of Government
Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH).
TOILET ROOM. A room containing a water closet and, frequently, a
lavatory, but not a bathtub, shower, spa or similar bathing fixture.
TOXICITY CLASSIFICATION. Refrigerants shall be classified for toxicity
to one of two classes in accordance with ASHRAE 34.
TRANSITION FITTINGS, PLASTIC TO STEEL. An adapter for joining plastic
pipe to steel pipe. The purpose of this fitting is to provide a
permanent pressure-tight connection between two materials which cannot
be joined directly one to another.
UNCONFINED SPACE. A space having a volume not less than 50 cubic feet
per 1,000 Btu/h (4.8 m{3}/kW) of the aggregate input rating of all
applicants installed in that space. Rooms communicating directly with
the space in which the appliances are installed, through openings not
furnished with doors, are considered a part of the unconfined space.
UNIT HEATER. A self-contained appliance of the fan type, designed for
the delivery of warm air directly into the space in which the appliance
is located.
UNUSUALLY TIGHT CONSTRUCTION. Construction meeting all of the
following requirements:
1. Walls exposed to the outside atmosphere having a continuous water
vapor retarder with a rating of 1 perm (57 ng/s*m{2}*Pa) or less with
openings gasketed or sealed; and
2. Openable windows and doors meeting the air leakage requirements of
the New York City Energy Conservation Code, Section 802.3.1; and
3. Caulking or sealants are applied to areas, such as joints around
window and door frames, between sole plates and floors, between
wall-ceiling joints, between wall panels, at penetrations for plumbing,
electrical and gas lines, and at other openings.
VENT. A pipe or other conduit composed of factory-made components,
containing a passageway for conveying combustion products and air to the
atmosphere, listed and labeled for use with a specific type or class of
appliance.
Pellet vent. A vent listed and labeled for use with listed
pellet-fuel-burning appliances.
Type L vent. A vent listed and labeled for use with the following:
1. Oil-burning appliances that are listed for use with Type L vents.
2. Gas-fed appliances that are listed for use with Type B vents.
VENT CONNECTOR. The pipe that connects an approved fuel-fired
appliance to a vent.
VENT DAMPER DEVICE, AUTOMATIC. A device intended for installation in
the venting system, in the outlet of an individual automatically
operated fuel-burning appliance that is designed to open the venting
system automatically when the appliance is in operation and to close off
the venting system automatically when the appliance is in a standby or
shutdown condition.
VENTILATION. The natural or mechanical process of supplying
conditioned or unconditioned air to, or removing such air from, any
space.
VENTILATION AIR. That portion of supply air that comes from the
outside (outdoors), plus any recirculated air that has been treated to
maintain the desired quality of air within a designated space.
VENTING SYSTEM. A continuous open passageway from the flue collar of
an appliance to the outside atmosphere for the purpose of removing flue
or vent gases. A venting system is usually composed of a vent or a
chimney and vent connector, if used, assembled to form the open
passageway.
WATER HEATER. Any heating appliance or equipment that heats potable
water and supplies such water to the potable hot water distribution
system.
CHAPTER 3
GENERAL REGULATIONS
SECTION MC 301
GENERAL
301.1 Scope. This chapter shall govern the approval and installation
of all equipment and appliances that comprise parts of the building
mechanical systems regulated by this code in accordance with Section
101.2.
301.2 Energy utilization. Heating, ventilating and air-conditioning
systems of all structures shall be designed and installed for efficient
utilization of energy in accordance with the New York City Energy
Conservation Code.
301.3 Fuel gas appliances and equipment. The approval and installation
of fuel gas distribution piping and equipment, fuel gas-fired appliances
and fuel gas-fired appliance venting systems shall be in accordance with
the New York City Fuel Gas Code.
301.4 Listed and labeled. All appliances regulated by this code shall
be listed and labeled.
301.5 Testing of materials and equipment. Refer to Section 28-113 of
the Administrative Code.
301.6 Label information. A permanent factory-applied name-plate(s)
shall be affixed to appliances on which shall appear in legible
lettering, the manufacturer's name or trademark, the model number,
serial number and the seal or mark of the approved agency. A label shall
also include the following:
1. Electrical equipment and appliances: Electrical rating in volts,
amperes and motor phase; identification of individual electrical
components in volts, amperes or watts, motor phase; Btu/h (W) output;
and required clearances.
2. Absorption units: Hourly rating in Btu/h (W); minimum hourly rating
for units having step or automatic modulating controls; type of fuel;
type of refrigerant; cooling capacity in Btu/h (W); and required
clearances.
3. Fuel-burning units: Hourly rating in Btu/h (W); type of fuel
approved for use with the appliance; and required clearances.
4. Electric comfort heating appliances: Name and trade-mark of the
manufacturer; the model number or equivalent; the electric rating in
volts, ampacity and phase; Btu/h (W) output rating; individual marking
for each electrical component in amperes or watts, volts and phase;
required clearances from combustibles; and a seal indicating approval of
the appliance by an approved agency.
301.7 Electrical. Electrical wiring, controls and connections to
equipment and appliances regulated by this code shall be in accordance
with the New York City Electrical Code.
301.8 Plumbing connections. Potable water supply and building drainage
system connections to equipment and appliances regulated by this code
shall be in accordance with the New York City Plumbing Code.
301.9 Fuel types. Fuel-fired appliances shall be designed for use with
the type of fuel to which they will be connected and the altitude at
which they are installed. Appliances that comprise parts of the building
mechanical system shall not be converted for the usage of a different
fuel, except where approved and converted in accordance with the
manufacturer's instructions. The fuel input rate shall not be increased
or decreased beyond the limit rating for the altitude at which the
appliance is installed.
301.10 Vibration isolation. Where vibration isolation of equipment and
appliances is employed, supplemental restraint shall be used to
accomplish the support and restraint.
301.11 Repair. Defective material or parts shall be replaced or
repaired in such a manner so as to preserve the original approval or
listing.
301.12 Wind resistance. Mechanical equipment, appliances and supports
that are exposed to wind shall be designed and installed to resist the
wind pressure determined in accordance with the New York City Building
Code.
301.13 Flood hazard. For structures located in areas of special flood
hazard, mechanical systems, equipment and appliances shall comply with
Appendix G of the New York City Building Code.
301.14 Rodent proofing. Buildings or structures and the walls
enclosing habitable or occupiable rooms and spaces in which persons
live, sleep or work, or in which feed, food or foodstuffs are stored,
prepared, processed, served or sold, shall be constructed to protect
against the entrance of rodents in accordance with the New York City
Building Code.
301.15 Seismic resistance. When earthquake loads are applicable in
accordance with the New York City Building Code, mechanical system
supports shall be designed and installed for the seismic forces in
accordance with the New York City Building Code.
SECTION MC 302
PROTECTION OF STRUCTURE
302.1 Structural safety. The building or structure shall not be
weakened by the installation of mechanical systems. Where floors, walls,
ceilings or any other portion of the building or structure are required
to be altered or replaced in the process of installing or repairing any
system, the building or structure shall be left in a safe structural
condition in accordance with the New York City Building Code.
302.2 Penetrations of floor/ceiling assemblies and
fire-resistance-rated assemblies. Penetrations of floor/ceiling
assemblies and assemblies required to have a fire-resistance rating
shall be protected in accordance with the New York City Building Code.
302.3 Cutting, notching and boring in wood framing. The cutting,
notching and boring of wood framing members shall comply with Sections
302.3.1 through 302.3.4.
302.3.1 Joist notching. Notches on the ends of joists shall not exceed
one-fourth the joist depth. Holes bored in joist shall not be within 2
inches (51 mm) of the top or bottom of the joist, and the diameter of
any such hole shall not exceed one-third the depth of the joist. Notches
in the top or bottom of joists shall not exceed one-sixth the depth and
shall not be located in the middle third of the span.
302.3.2 Stud cutting and notching. In exterior walls and bearing
partitions, any wood stud is permitted to be cut or notched not to
exceed 25 percent of its depth. Cutting or notching of studs not greater
than 40 percent of their depth is permitted in nonbearing partitions
supporting no loads other than the weight of the partition.
302.3.3 Bored holes. A hole not greater in diameter than 40 percent of
the stud depth is permitted to be bored in any wood stud. Bored holes
not greater than 60 percent of the depth of the stud are permitted in
nonbearing partitions or in any wall where each bored stud is doubled,
provided not more than two such successive doubled studs are so bored.
In no case shall the edge of the bored hole be nearer than 0.625 inch
(15.9 mm) to the edge of the stud. Bored holes shall not be located at
the same section of stud as a cut or notch.
302.3.4 Engineered wood products. Cuts, notches and holes bored in
trusses, laminated veneer lumber, glue-laminated members and I-joists
are prohibited except where the effects of such alterations are
specifically considered in the design of the member.
302.4 Alterations to trusses. Truss members and components shall not
be cut, drilled, notched, spliced or otherwise altered in any way
without written concurrence and approval of a registered design
professional. Alterations resulting in the addition of loads to any
member (e.g., HVAC equipment, water heaters) shall not be permitted
without verification that the truss is capable of supporting such
additional loading.
302.5 Cutting, notching and boring in steel framing. The cutting,
notching and boring of steel framing members shall comply with Sections
302.5.1 through 302.5.3.
302.5.1 Cutting, notching and boring holes in structural steel
framing. The cutting, notching and boring of holes in structural steel
framing members shall be as prescribed by the registered design
professional.
302.5.2 Cutting, notching and boring holes in cold-formed steel
framing. Flangers and lips of load-bearing cold-formed steel framing
members shall not be cut or notched. Holes in webs of load-bearing
cold-formed steel framing members shall be permitted along the
centerline of the web of the framing member and shall not exceed the
dimensional limitations, penetration spacing or minimum hole edge
distance as prescribed by the registered design professional. Cutting,
notching and boring holes of steel floor/roof decking shall be as
prescribed by the registered design professional.
302.5.3 Cutting, notching and boring holes in nonstructural
cold-formed steel wall framing. Flanges and lips of nonstructural
cold-formed steel wall studs shall not be cut or notched. Holes in webs
of nonstructural cold-formed steel walls studs shall be permitted along
the center-line of the web of the framing member, shall not exceed 1.5
inches (38 mm) in width or 4 inches (102 mm) in length, and shall not be
spaced less than 24 inches (610 mm) center to center from another hole
or less than 10 inches (254 mm) from the bearing end.
SECTION MC 303
EQUIPMENT AND APPLIANCE LOCATION
303.1 General. Equipment and appliances shall be located as required
by this section, specific requirements elsewhere in this code and the
conditions of the equipment and appliance listing.
303.2 Hazardous locations. Appliances shall not be located in a
hazardous location unless listed and approved for the specific
installation.
303.3 Prohibited locations. Fuel-fired appliances shall not be located
in, or obtain combustion air from, any of the following rooms or spaces:
1. Rooms occupied for sleeping purposes.
2. Bathrooms.
3. Appliances installed in a dedicated enclosure in which all
combustion air is taken directly from the outdoors, in accordance with
Section 703. Access to such enclosure shall be through a solid door,
weather-stripped in accordance with the exterior door air leakage
requirements of the New York City Energy Conservation Code and equipped
with an approved self-closing device.
4. Storage closets.
5. Surgical rooms.
Exception: This section shall not apply to the following appliances.
1. Direct-vent appliances that obtain all combustion air directly from
the outdoors.
2. Solid fuel-fired appliances provided that the room is not a
confined space and the building is not of unusually tight construction.
3. Appliances installed in a dedicated enclosure in which all
combustion air is taken directly from the outdoors, in accordance with
Section 703. Access to such enclosure shall be through a solid door,
weather-stripped in accordance with the exterior door air leakage
requirements of the Energy Conservation Construction Code of New York
State and equipped with an approved self-closing device.
303.4 Protection from damage. Appliances shall not be installed in a
location where subject to mechanical damage unless protected by suitable
barriers.
303.5 Indoor locations. Fuel-fired furnaces and boilers installed in
closets and alcoves shall be listed for such installation. For purposes
of this section, a closet or alcove shall be defined as a room or space
having a volume less than 12 times the total volume of fuel-fired
appliances other than boilers and less than 16 times the total volume of
boilers. Room volume shall be computed using the gross floor area and
the actual ceiling height up to a maximum computation height of 8 feet
(2438 mm).
303.6 Outdoor locations. Appliances installed in other than indoor
locations shall be listed and labeled for outdoor installation.
303.7 Pit locations. Appliances installed in pits or excavations shall
not come in direct contact with the surrounding soil. The sides of the
pit or excavation shall be held back a minimum of 12 inches (305 mm)
from the appliance. Where the death exceeds 12 inches (305 mm) below
adjoining grade, the walls of the pit or excavation shall be lined with
concrete or masonry. Such concrete or masonry shall extend a minimum of
4 inches (102 mm) above adjoining grade and shall have sufficient
lateral load-bearing capacity to resist collapse. The appliance shall be
protected from flooding.
303.8 Elevator shafts. Mechanical systems shall not be located in an
elevator shaft.
SECTION MC 304
INSTALLATION
304.1 General. Equipment and appliances shall be installed as required
by the terms of their approval, in accordance with the conditions of the
listing, the manufacturer's installation instructions and this code.
Manufacturer's installation instructions shall be available on the job
site at the time of inspection.
304.2 Conflicts. Where conflicts between this code and the conditions
of listing or the manufacturer's installation instructions occur, the
provisions of this code shall apply.
Exception: Where a code provision is less restrictive than the
conditions of the listing of the equipment or appliance or the
manufacturer's installation instructions, the conditions of the listing
and the manufacturer's installation instructions shall apply.
304.3 Elevation of ignition source. Equipment and appliances having an
ignition source and located in hazardous locations and public garages,
private garages, repair garages, automotive motor-fuel-dispensing
facilities and parking garages shall be elevated such that the source of
ignition is not less than 18 inches (457 mm) above the floor surface on
which the equipment or appliance rests. Such equipment and appliances
shall not be installed in Group H occupancies or control areas where
open use, handling or dispensing of combustible, flammable or explosive
materials occurs. For the purpose of this section, rooms or spaces that
are not part of the living space of a dwelling unit and that communicate
directly with a private garage through openings shall be considered to
be part of the private garage.
304.4 Hydrogen generating and refueling operations. Hydrogen
generation and refueling operations shall be prohibited except as
permitted by the Commissioner of the Fire Department.
304.5 Public garages. Appliances located in public garages, motor fuel
dispensing facilities, repair garages or other areas frequented by motor
vehicles, shall be installed a minimum of 8 feet (2438 mm) above the
floor. Where motor vehicles exceed 6 feet (1829 mm) in height and are
capable of passing under an appliance, appliances shall be installed a
minimum of 2 feet (610 mm) higher above the floor than the height of the
tallest vehicle.
Exception: The requirements of this section shall not apply where the
appliances are protected from motor vehicle impact and installed in
accordance with Section 304.3 and NFPA 88B.
304.6 Private garages. Appliances located in private garages and
carports shall be installed with a minimum clearance of 6 feet (1829 mm)
above the floor.
Exception: The requirements of this section shall not apply where the
appliances are protected from motor vehicle impact and installed in
accordance with Section 304.3.
304.7 Construction and protection. Boiler rooms and furnace rooms
shall be protected as required by the New York City Building Code.
304.8 Clearances to combustible construction. Heat-producing equipment
and appliances shall be installed to maintain the required clearances to
combustible construction as specified in the listing and manufacturer's
instructions. Such clearances shall be reduced only in accordance with
Section 308. Clearances to combustibles shall include such
considerations as door swing, drawer pull, overhead projections or
shelving and window swing, shutters, coverings and drapes. Devices such
as doorstops or limited, closets, drapery ties or guards shall not be
used to provide the required clearances.
304.9 Clearances from grade. Equipment and appliances installed at
grade level shall be supported on a level concrete slab or other
approved material extending above adjoining grade or shall be suspended
a minimum of 6 inches (152 mm) above adjoining grade.
304.10 Guards. Guards shall be provided where appliances, equipment,
fans or other components that require service are located within 10 feet
(3048 mm) of a roof edge or open side of a walking surface and such edge
or open side is located more than 30 inches (762 mm) above the floor,
roof or grade below. The guard shall extend not less than 30 inches (762
mm) beyond each end of such appliance, equipment, fan or component and
the top of the guard shall be located not less than 42 inches (1067 mm)
above the elevated surface adjacent to the guard. The guard shall be
constructed so as to prevent the passage of a 21-inch-diameter (533 mm)
sphere and shall comply with the load requirements for guards specified
in the New York City Building Code.
304.11 Area served. Appliances serving different areas of a building
other than where they are installed shall be permanently marked in an
approved manner that uniquely identifies the appliance and the area it
serves.
SECTION MC 305
PIPING SUPPORT
305.1 General. All mechanical system piping shall be supported in
accordance with this section.
305.2 Materials. Pipe hangers and supports shall have sufficient
strength to withstand all anticipated static and specified dynamic
loading conditions associated with the intended use. Pipe hangers and
supports that are in direct contact with piping shall be of materials
that are compatible with the piping and that will not promote galvanic
action.
305.3 Structural attachment. Hangers and anchors shall be attached to
the building structure.
305.4 Interval of support. Piping shall be supported at distances not
exceeding the spacing specified in Table 305.4, or in accordance with
MSS SP-69.
TABLE 305.4
PIPING SUPPORT SPACING{a}
---------------------------------------------------------------
| MAXIMUM | MAXIMUM
| HORIZONTAL | VERTICAL
| SPACING | SPACING
PIPING MATERIAL | (feet) | (feet)
---------------------------------------------------------------
ABS pipe | 4 | 10{c}
---------------------------------------------------------------
Aluminum pipe and tubing | 10 | 15
---------------------------------------------------------------
Brass pipe | 10 | 10
---------------------------------------------------------------
Brass tubing, 1-1/4-inch diameter | 6 | 10
and smaller | |
---------------------------------------------------------------
Brass tubing, 1-1/2-inch diameter | 10 | 10
and larger | |
---------------------------------------------------------------
Cast-iron pipe{b} | 5 | 15
---------------------------------------------------------------
Copper or copper-alloy pipe | 12 | 10
---------------------------------------------------------------
Copper or copper-alloy tubing, | 6 | 10
1 1/4-inch diameter and smaller | |
---------------------------------------------------------------
Copper or copper-alloy tubing, | 10 | 10
1 1/2-inch diameter and larger | |
---------------------------------------------------------------
CPVC pipe or tubing, 1 inch and | 3 | 10{c}
smaller | |
---------------------------------------------------------------
CPVC pipe or tubing 1 3/4 inch | 4 | 10{c}
and larger
---------------------------------------------------------------
Steel pipe | 12 | 15
---------------------------------------------------------------
Lead pipe | Continuous | 4
---------------------------------------------------------------
PB pipe or tubing | 2 2/3 | 4
| (32 inches) |
---------------------------------------------------------------
PEX tubing | 2 2/3 | 10{c}
| (32 inches) |
---------------------------------------------------------------
PVC pipe | 4 | 10{c}
---------------------------------------------------------------
For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm.
a. See Section 301.14.
b. The maximum horizontal spacing of cast-iron pipe hangers shall
be increased to 10 feet where 10-foot lengths of pipe are installed.
c. Mid-story guide.
305.5 Protection against physical damage. In concealed locations where
piping, other than cast-iron or steel, is installed through holes or
notches in studs, joists, rafters or similar members less than 1.5
inches (38 mm) from the nearest edge of the member, the pipe shall be
protected by shield plates. Protective shield plates shall be a minimum
of 0.062-inch-thick (1.6 mm) steel, shall cover the area of the pipe
where the member is notched or bored, and shall extend a minimum of 2
inches (51 mm) above sole plates and below top plates.
SECTION MC 306
ACCESS AND SERVICE SPACE
306.1 Clearances for maintenance and replacement. Clearances around
appliances to elements of permanent construction, including other
installed equipment and appliances, shall be sufficient to allow
inspection, service, repair or replacement without removing such
elements of permanent construction or disabling the function of a
required fire-resistance-rated assembly.
306.1.1 Central furnaces. Central furnaces within compartments or
alcoves shall have a minimum working space clearance of 3 inches (76 mm)
along the sides, back and top with a total width of the enclosing space
being at least 12 inches (305 mm) wider than the furnace. Furnaces
having a firebox open to the atmosphere shall have at least 6 inches
(152 mm) working space along the front combustion chamber side.
Combustion air openings at the rear or side of the compartment shall
comply with the requirements of Chapter 7.
Exception: This section shall not apply to replacement appliances
installed in existing compartments and alcoves where the working space
clearances are in accordance with the equipment or appliance
manufacturer's installation instructions.
306.2 Appliances in rooms. Rooms containing appliances requiring
access shall be provided with a door and an unobstructed passageway
measuring not less than 36 inches (914 mm) wide and 80 inches (2032 mm)
high.
Exception: Within a dwelling unit, appliances installed in a
compartment, alcove, basement or similar space shall be accessed by an
opening or door and an unobstructed passageway measuring not less than
24 inches (610 mm) wide and large enough to allow removal of the largest
appliance in the space, provided that a level space of not less than 30
inches (762 mm) deep and the height of the appliance, but not less than
30 inches (762 mm), is present at the front or service side of the
appliance with the door open.
306.3 Appliances in attics. Attics containing appliances requiring
access shall be provided with an opening and unobstructed passageway
large enough to allow removal of the largest appliance. The passageway
shall not be less than 30 inches (762 mm) high and 22 inches (559 mm)
wide and not more than 20 feet (6096 mm) in length measured along the
centerline of the passageway from the opening to the appliance. The
passageway shall have continuous solid flooring not less than 24 inches
(610 mm) wide. A level service space not less than 30 inches (762 mm)
deep and 30 inches (762 mm) wide shall be present at the front or
service side of the appliance. The clear access opening dimensions shall
be a minimum of 20 inches by 30 inches (508 mm by 762 mm), where such
dimensions are large enough to allow removal of the largest appliance.
Exception: The passageway and level service space are not required
where the appliance is capable of being serviced and removed through the
required opening.
306.3.1 Electrical requirements. A lighting fixture controlled y a
switch located at the required passageway opening and a receptacle
outlet shall be provided at or near the appliance location in accordance
with the New York City Electrical Code.
306.4 Appliances under floors. Underfloor spaces containing appliances
requiring access shall be provided with an access opening and
unobstructed passageway large enough to remove the largest appliance.
The passageway shall not be less than 30 inches (762 mm) high and 22
inches (559 mm) wide, nor more than 20 feet (6096 mm) in length measured
along the centerline of the passageway from the opening to the
appliance. A level service space not less than 30 inches (762 mm) deep
and 30 inches (762 mm) wide shall be present at the front or service
side of the appliance. If the depth of the passageway or the service
space exceeds 12 inches (305 mm) below the adjoining grade, the walls of
the passageway shall be lined with concrete or masonry. Such concrete or
masonry shall extent a minimum of 4 inches (102 mm) above the adjoining
grade and shall have sufficient lateral-bearing capacity to resist
collapse. The clear access opening dimensions shall be a minimum of 22
inches by 30 inches (559 mm by 762 mm), where such dimensions are large
enough to allow removal of the largest appliance.
Exception: The passageway is not required where the level service
space is present when the access is open and the appliance is capable of
being serviced and removed through the required opening.
306.4.1 Electrical requirements. A lighting fixture controlled by a
switch located at the required passageway opening and a receptacle
outlet shall be provided at or near the appliance location in accordance
with the New York City Electrical Code.
306.5 Equipment and appliances on roofs or elevated structures. where
equipment and appliances requiring access are installed on roofs or
elevated structures at a height exceeding 16 feet (4877 mm), such access
shall be provided by a permanent means of access, the extent of which
shall be from grade or floor level to the equipment and appliances'
level service space. Such access shall not require climbing over
obstructions greater than 30 inches (762 mm) high or walking on roofs
having a slope greater than 4 units vertical in 12 units horizontal
(33-percent slope).
Permanent ladders installed to provide the required access shall
comply with the following minimum design criteria:
1. The side railing shall extend above the parapet or roof edge not
less than 30 inches (762 mm).
2. Ladders shall have rung spacing not to exceed 14 inches (356 mm) on
center.
3. Ladders shall have a toe spacing not less than 6 inches (152 mm)
deep.
4. There shall be a minimum of 18 inches (457 mm) between rails.
5. Rungs shall have a minimum 0.75 inch (19.1 mm) diameter and be
capable of withstanding a 300-pound (136.1 kg) load.
6. Ladders over 30 feet (9144 mm) in height shall be provided with
offset sections and landing capable of withstanding 100 pounds (488.2
kg/m{2}) per square foot.
7. Ladders shall be protected against corrosion.
Catwalks installed to provide the required access shall be not less
than 24 inches (610 mm) wide and shall have railings as required for
service platforms.
Exception: This section shall not apply to Group R-3 occupancies.
306.6 Sloped roofs. Where appliances are installed on a roof having a
slope of 3 units vertical in 12 units horizontal (25-percent slope) or
greater and having an edge more than 30 inches (762 mm) above grade at
such edge, a level platform shall be provided on each side of the
appliance to which access is required by the manufacturer's installation
instructions for service, repair or maintenance. The platform shall not
be less than 30 inches (762 mm) in any dimension and shall be provided
with guards in accordance with Section 304.10.
SECTION MC 307
CONDENSATE DISPOSAL
307.1 Fuel-burning appliances. Liquid combustion by-products of
condensing appliances shall be collected and discharged to a plumbing
fixture or disposal area in accordance with the manufacturer's
installation instruction. Condensate piping shall be of
corrosion-resistant material and shall not be smaller than the drain
connection on the appliance. Such piping shall maintain a minimum
horizontal slope in the direction of discharge of not less than 1/8 unit
vertical in 12 units horizontal (1-percent slope).
307.2 Evaporators and cooling coils. Condensate drain systems shall be
provided for equipment and appliances containing evaporators or cooling
coils. Condensate drain systems shall be designed, constructed and
installed in accordance with Sections 307.2.1 through 307.2.4.
307.2.1 Condensate disposal. Condensate from all cooling coils and
evaporators shall be conveyed from the drain pan outlet to a place of
disposal. Condensate shall not discharge into a street, alley or other
areas so as to cause a nuisance.
307.2.2 Drain pipe materials and sizes. Components of the condensate
disposal system shall be cast iron, galvanized steel, copper,
cross-linked polyethylen, polyethylen, ABS, CPVC or PVC pipe or tubing.
All components shall be selected for the pressure and temperature rating
of the installation. Condensate waste and drain line size shall be not
less than 3/4 inch (19 mm) internal diameter and shall not decrease in
size from the drain pan connection to the place of condensate disposal.
Where the drain pipes from more than one unit are manifolded together
for condensate drainage, the pipe or tubing shall be sized accordingly.
All horizontal sections of drain piping shall be installed in uniform
alignment at a uniform slope.
307.2.3 Auxiliary and secondary drain systems. In addition to the
requirements of Section 307.2.3 Auxiliary and secondary drain systems.
In addition to the requirements of Section 307.2.1, a secondary drain or
auxiliary drain pan shall be required for each cooling or evaporator
coil where damage to any building components will occur as a result of
overflow from the equipment drain pan or stoppage in the condensate
drain piping. One of the following methods shall be used:
1. An auxiliary drain pan with a separate drain shall be provided
under the coils on which condensation will occur. The auxiliary pan
drain shall discharge to a conspicuous point of disposal to alert
occupants in the event of a stoppage of the primary drain. The pan shall
have a minimum depth of 1.5 inches (38 mm), shall not b e less than 3
inches (76 mm) larger than the unit or the coil dimensions in width and
length and shall be constructed of corrosion-resistant material.
Metallic pans shall have a minimum thickness of not less than
0.0276-inch (0.7 mm) galvanized sheet metal. Nonmetallic pans shall have
a minimum thickness of not less than 0.0625 inch (1.59 mm).
2. A separate overflow drain line shall be connected to the drain pan
provided with the equipment. Such overflow drain shall discharge to a
conspicuous point of disposal to alert occupants in the event of a
stoppage of the primary drain. The overflow drain line shall connect to
the drain pan at a higher level than the primary drain connection.
3. An auxiliary drain pan without a separate drain line shall be
provided under the coils on which condensate will occur. Such pan shall
be equipped with a water-level detection device that will shut off the
equipment served prior to overflow of the pan. The auxiliary drain pan
shall be constructed in accordance with Item 1 of this section.
307.2.4 Traps. Condensate drains shall be trapped as required by the
equipment or appliance manufacturer.
307.3 Exceptions. This section applies to permanently installed
equipment. Window units and through-the-wall air-conditioning units are
exempt from the requirements of this section.
SECTION MC 308
CLEARANCE REDUCTION
308.1 Scope. This section shall govern the reduction in required
clearances to combustible materials and combustible assemblies for
chimneys, vents, kitchen exhaust equipment, mechanical appliances, and
mechanical devices and equipment.
308.2 Listed appliances and equipment. The reduction of the required
clearances to combustibles for listed and labeled appliances and
equipment shall be in accordance with the requirements of this section
except that such clearances shall not be reduced where reduction is
specifically prohibited by the terms of the appliance or equipment
listing.
308.3 Protective assembly construction and installation. Reduced
clearance protective assemblies, including structural and support
elements, shall be constructed of non-combustible materials. Spacers
utilized to maintain an airspace between the protective assembly and the
protected material or assembly shall be non-combustible. Where a space
between the protective assembly and protected combustible material or
assembly is specified, the same space shall be provided around the edges
of the protective assembly and the spacers shall be places so as to
allow air circulation by convention in such space. Protective assemblies
shall not be places less than 1 inch (25 mm) form the mechanical
appliances, devices or equipment, regardless of the allowable reduced
clearance.
308.4 Allowable reduction. The reduction of required clearances to
combustible assemblies or combustible materials shall be based on the
utilization of a reduced clearness protective assembly in assurance with
Section 308.5 or 308.6.
308.5 Labeled assemblies. The allowable clearness reduction shall be
based on a reduced clearance protective assembly that has been tested
and bears the label of an approved agency.
308.6 Reduction table. The allowable clearance reduction shall be
based on one of the methods specified in table 308.6. Where required
clearances are not listed in Table 308.6, the reduced clearances shall
be determined by linear interpolation between the distances listed in
the table. Reduced clearances shall not be derived by extrapolation
below the range of the table.
TABLE 308.6
CLEARANCE REDUCTION METHODS
------------------------------------------------------------------------
| REDUCED CLEARANCE WITH
| PROTECTION (inches){a}
--------------------------------
| |Horizontal com-
| |bustible assem-
| |blies located
|Horizontal com-|beneath the
|bustible assem-|heat source and
|blies located |all vertical
|above the heat |combustible
|source |assemblies
--------------------------------
|Required clear-|Required clear-
|ance to combus-|ance to combus-
|tibles without |tibles without
| protection | protection
| (inches){a} | (inches){a}
--------------------------------
TYPE OF PROTECTIVE ASSEMBLY{a} |36 |18 | 9 | 6 |36 |18 | 9 | 6
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Galvanized sheet metal, minimum nominal | | | | | | | |
thickness of .0296 inch (No. 22 Gage), | | | | | | | |
mounted on 1-inch glass fiber or min- |18 | 9 | 5 | 3 |12 | 6 | 3 | 3
eral wool batt reinforced with wire on | | | | | | | |
the back, 1 inch off the combustible | | | | | | | |
assembly | | | | | | | |
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Two layers of galvanized sheet metal, | | | | | | | |
minimum nominal thickness of 0.024 | | | | | | | |
inch (No. 24 Gage), having a 1-inch air-|18 | 9 | 5 | 3 |12 | 6 | 3 | 3
space between layers, spaced 1-inch | | | | | | | |
off the combustible assembly | | | | | | | |
------------------------------------------------------------------------
0.5-inch inorganic insulating board | | | | | | | |
over 1 inch of fiberglass or mineral |24 |12 | 6 | 4 |18 | 9 | 5 | 3
wool batt, against the combustible | | | | | | | |
assembly | | | | | | | |
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.5-inch brick wall, spaced 1 inch off | - | - | - | - |12 | 6 | 6 | 6
the combustible wall | | | | | | | |
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.5-inch brick wall, against the | - | - | - | - |24 |12 | 6 | 5
combustible wall | | | | | | | |
------------------------------------------------------------------------
For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm. °C = [(°F)-321]1.8, 1 pound per cubic foot =
16.02 kg/m{3}, 1.0 Btu - in/ft{2} - h - °F = 0.144 W/m{2} - K.
a. Mineral wool and glass fiber batts (blanket or board) shall have
minimum density of 8 pounds per cubic foot and a minimum melting
point of 1,500°F. Insulation material utilized as part of a clearance
reduction system shall have a thermal conductivity of 1.0 Btu -
in./(ft{2}-h-°F) or less. Insulation board shall be formed of
non-combustible material.
308.7 Solid fuel-burning appliances. The clearance reduction methods
specified in Table 308.6 shall not be utilized to reduce the clearance
required for solid fuel-burning appliances that are labeled for
installation with clearances of 12 inches (305 mm) or less. Where
appliances are labeled for installation with clearances of greater than
12 inches (305 mm), the clearance reduction methods of Table 308.6 shall
not reduce the clearance to less than 12 inches (305 mm).
308.8 Masonry chimneys. The clearance reduction methods specified in
Table 308.6 shall not be utilized to reduce the clearances required for
masonry chimneys as specified in Chapter 8 and the New York City
Building Code.
308.9 Chimney connector pass-throughs. The clearance reduction methods
specified in Table 308.6 shall not be utilized to reduce the clearances
required for chimney connector pass-throughs as specified in Section
803.10.4.
308.10 Masonry fireplaces. The clearance reduction methods specified
in Table 308.6 shall not be utilized to reduce the clearances required
for masonry fireplaces as specified in Chapter 8 and the New York City
Building Code.
308.11 Kitchen exhaust ducts. The clearance reduction methods
specified in Table 308.6 shall not be utilized to reduce the minimum
clearances required by Section 506.3.10 for kitchen exhaust ducts
enclosed in a shaft.
SECTION MC 309
TEMPERATURE CONTROL
309.1 Space-heating systems. Interior spaces intended for human
occupancy shall be provided with active or passive space-heating systems
capable of maintaining a minimum indoor temperature of 68°F (20°C) at a
point 3 feet (914 mm) above floor on the design heating day. The
installation of portable space heaters shall not be used to achieve
compliance with this section. Refer to Section 1204 of the New York City
Building Code.
Exception: Interior spaces where the primary purpose is not associated
with human comfort.
SECTION MC 310
EXPLOSION CONTROL
310.1 Required. Structures occupied for purposes involving explosion
hazards shall be provided with explosion control in compliance with
rules of the commissioner of the fire Department. Explosion control
systems shall be designed and installed in accordance with the New York
City Fire Code.
SECTION MC 311
SMOKE AND HEAT VENTS
311.1 Required. Approved smoke and heat vents shall be installed in
the roofs of one-story buildings where required by the New York city
fire code. Smoke and heat vents shall be designed and installed in
accordance with the New York City Fire Code.
SECTION MC 312
HEATING AND COOLING LOAD CALCULATIONS
312.1 Load calculations. Heating and cooling system design loads for
the purpose of sizing systems, appliances and equipment shall be
determined in accordance with the procedures described in the ASHRAE
Handbook of Fundamentals. Heating and cooling loads shall be adjusted to
account for load reductions that are achieved when energy recovery
systems are utilized in the HVAC system in accordance with the ASHRAE
Handbook - HVAC Systems and Equipment. Alternatively, design loads shall
be determined by an approved equivalent computation procedure, using the
design parameters specified in Chapter 3 of the New York City Energy
Conservation Code. Heating and cooling system design loads for the
purpose of sizing systems, appliances and equipment shall also comply
with the requirements of Section 1204 of the New York City Building
Code.
CHAPTER 4
VENTILATION
SECTION MC 401
GENERAL
401.1 Scope. This chapter shall govern the ventilation of spaces
within a building intended to be occupied. This chapter does not govern
the requirements for smoke control systems. See Section 513 of this
code.
401.2 Ventilation required. Every occupied space shall be ventilated
by natural means in accordance with Section 402 or by mechanical means
in accordance with Section 403.
401.3 When required. Ventilation shall be provided during the periods
that the room or space is occupied.
401.4 Exits. Equipment and ductwork for exit enclosure ventilation
shall comply with one of the following items:
1. Such equipment and ductwork shall be located exterior to the
building and shall be directly connected to the exit enclosure by
ductwork enclosed in construction as required by the New York City
Building code for shafts.
2. Where such equipment and ductwork is located within the exit
enclosure, the intake air shall be taken directly for the outdoors and
the exhaust air shall be discharged directly to the outdoors, or such
air shall be conveyed through ducts enclosed in construction as required
by the New York City Building code for shafts.
3. Where located within the building, such equipment and ductwork
shall be separated from the remainder of the building, including other
mechanical equipment, with construction as required by the New York city
Building Code for shafts.
In each case, openings into fire-resistance-rated construction shall
be limited to those needed for maintenance and operation and shall be
protected by self-closing fire-resistance-rated devices in accordance
with the New York City Building Code for enclosure wall opening
protectives.
Exit enclosure ventilation systems shall be independent of other
building ventilation systems.
401.5 Opening location. Outside air exhaust and intake openings shall
be located a minimum of 10 feet (3048 mm) from lot lines or buildings on
the same lot. Where openings front on a street or public way, the
distance shall be measured to the centerline of the street or public
way. Outdoor intakes for high-rise office buildings having occupied
floors located more than 75 feet (22 860 mm) above the lowest level of
fire department vehicle access serving spaces above the second story and
serving spaces greater than 10,000 square feet (929 square meters) of
floor area shall be located at least 20 feet (6096 mm) above ground
level, at least 30 feet (9144 mm) from exhaust outlets and other exhaust
discharges, and at least 20 feet (6096 mm) from areas that may collect
vehicular exhaust, such as off street loading bays.
Exception: Group R-3.
401.5.1 Intake openings. Mechanical and gravity outside air intake
openings, shall be located a minimum of 20 feet (6096 mm) from any
hazardous or noxious contaminant such as vents, chimneys, plumbing
vents, streets, alleys, parking lots and loading docks, except as
otherwise specified in this code. Where a source of contaminant is
located within 20 feet (6096 mm) of an intake opening, such opening
shall be located a minimum of 2 feet (610 mm) below the contaminant
source.
An outdoor air intake opening with gross area of more than 144 square
inches (.0929 m{2}) shall be provided with dire dampers and smoke
dampers, or combined fire and smoke dampers when such opening is located
as follows:
1. Less than 30 feet (9144 mm) above grade.
2. Less than 30 feet (9144 mm) in any direction from any opening in
another building.
3. Less than 15 feet (4572 mm) from a lot line.
4. Less than 50 feet (15 240 mm) above and less than 50 feet (15 240
mm) in any direction from a roof constructed of combustible material or
a building in which the exterior walls are constructed wholly or partly
of wood.
Exceptions:
1. Smoke dampers shall not be required for outdoor air intake openings
installed in any construction required to have a fire resistance rating
that is less than two hours.
2. Smoke dampers shall not be required for outdoor air intake openings
of systems greater than 15,000 cfm (7.1 m{3}/s) which are provided with
smoke dampers in accordance with Chapter 6 of this code and arranged so
as to not introduce smoke into the building, or space in which the
equipment is located.
401.5.2 Exhaust openings. To minimize the hazard from fires and from
noxious, toxic or obnoxious discharges to structures, any exhaust air
discharge to the outside atmosphere shall terminate at or above the roof
or setback roof of the buildings or in an exterior wall adjoining a
street, yard or court. Exhaust air discharges shall be at least 10 feet
(3048 mm) above the sidewalk or ground and shall terminate at least 10
feet (3048 mm) from any window in another building or from any window in
a residential portion of the same building, or from any fire escape,
exterior stair, or balcony. Exhaust system openings shall be provided
with vanes or louvers constructed so as to direct the air away from
windows, other openings, and pedestrians.
Exception: In occupancy groups R-2 and R-3 each dwelling unit may be
individually exhausted directly to the outdoors with a dedicated,
continuously operated exhaust fan and shall comply with the following:
1. The exhaust system for the kitchen and the toilet/baths may be
combined to the inlet of a single fan, provided such exhaust system
serves only one dwelling unit.
2. The dedicated exhaust from each dwelling unit shall be directed
away from any window serving, the same dwelling unit from which the
exhaust is taken, and in addition, such exhaust opening shall terminate
at least:
2.1. 2 feet (610 mm) from any window serving the same dwelling unit.
2.2. 4 feet (1219 mm) from any window serving an adjoining dwelling
unit.
2.3. 4 feet (1219 mm) from any window serving another occupancy group
in the same building.
2.4. 10 feet (3048 mm) from any outdoor air intake opening.
2.5. 10 feet (3048 mm) above the public sidewalk adjoining the same
building.
3. All other minimum distances described in 401.5 shall be met.
401.5.3 Flood hazard. For structures located in areas of special flood
hazard, outdoor exhaust openings shall comply with Appendix G of the New
York City Building Code.
401.6 Outdoor opening protection. Air exhaust and intake openings that
terminate outdoors shall be protected with corrosion-resistant screens,
louvers or grilles. Openings in louvers, grilles and screens shall be
sized in accordance with Table 401.6, and shall be protected against
local weather conditions. Outdoor air exhaust and intake openings
located in exterior walls shall meet the provisions for exterior wall
opening protectives in accordance with the New York City Building Code.
TABLE 401.6
OPENING SIZES IN LOUVERS, GRILLES AND SCREENS PROTECTING OUTDOOR
EXHAUST AND AIR INTAKE OPENINGS
------------------------------------------------------------------
| MINIMUM AND MAXIMUM OPENING SIZES
| IN LOUVERS, GRILLS AND SCREENS
OUTDOOR OPENING TYPE | MEASURED IN ANY DIRECTION
------------------------------------------------------------------
Exhaust, openings | Not 1/2 inch
------------------------------------------------------------------
Intake openings in | Not 1/2 inch
residential occupancies |
------------------------------------------------------------------
Intake openings in other than| > 1/4 inch and not > 1 inch
residential occupancies |
------------------------------------------------------------------
For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 min.
401.7 Contaminant sources. Stationary local sources producing
air-borne particulates, heat, odors, fumes, spray, vapors, smoke or
gases in such quantities as to be irritating or injurious to health
shall be provided with an exhaust system in accordance with Chapter 5 or
a means of collection and removal of the contaminants. Such-exhaust
shall discharge directly to an approved location at the exterior of the
building.
SECTION MC 402
NATURAL VENTILATION
402.1 General. Natural ventilation of an occupied space shall comply
with Chapter 12 of the New York City Building Code.
402.2 Reserved.
402.3 Reserved.
402.4 Reserved.
SECTION MC 403
MECHANICAL VENTILATION
403.1 Ventilation system. Mechanical ventilation shall be provided by a
method of supply air and return or exhaust air. The amount of supply air
shall be approximately equal to the amount of return and exhaust air.
The system shall not be prohibited from producing negative or positive
pressure. The system to convey ventilation air shall be designed and
installed in accordance with Chapter 6.
Ventilation supply systems shall be designed to deliver the required
rate of supply air to the occupied zone within an occupied space. The
occupied zone shall have boundaries measured at 3 inches (76 mm) and 72
inches (1829 mm) above the floor and 24 inches (610 mm) from the
enclosing walls.
403.2 Outdoor air required. The minimum ventilation rate of required
outdoor air shall be determined in accordance with Section 403.3.
403.2.1 Recirculation of air. The air required by Section 403.3 shall
not be recirculated. Air in excess of that required by Section 403.3
shall not be prohibited from being recirculated as a component of supply
air to building spaces. except that:
1. Ventilation air shall not be recirculated from one dwelling unit to
another or to dissimilar occupancies.
2. Supply air to a swimming pool and associated deck areas shall not
be recirculated unless such air is dehumidified to maintain the relative
humidity of the area at 60 percent or less. Air from this area shall not
be recirculated to other spaces.
3. Where mechanical exhaust is required by Table 403.3, recirculation
of air from such spaces shall be prohibited. All air supplied to such
spaces shall be exhausted, including any air in excess of that required
by Table 403.3.
403.2.2 Transfer air. Except where recirculation from such spaces is
prohibited by Table 403.3, air transferred from occupied spaces is not
prohibited from serving, as makeup air for required exhaust systems in
such spaces as kitchens, baths, toilet rooms, elevators and smoking
lounges. The amount of transfer air and exhaust air shall be sufficient
to provide the flow rates as specified in Sections 403.3 and 403.3.1.
The required outdoor air rates specified in Table 403.3 shall be
introduced directly into such spaces or into the occupied spaces from
which air is transferred or a combination of both.
403.3 Ventilation rate. Ventilation systems shall be designed to have
the capacity to supply the minimum outdoor airflow rate determined in
accordance with Table 403.3 based on the occupancy of the space and the
occupant load or other parameter as stated therein. The occupant load
utilized for design of the ventilation system shall not be less than the
number determined from the estimated maximum occupant load rate
indicated in Table 403.3. Ventilation rates for occupancies not
represented in Table 403.3 shall be determined by an approved
engineering analysis. The ventilation system shall be designed to supply
the required rate of ventilation air continuously during the period the
building is occupied, except as otherwise stated in other provisions of
the code.
Exception: The occupant load is not required to be determined, based
on the estimated maximum occupant load rate indicated in Table 403.3,
where approved statistical data document the accuracy of an alternate
anticipated occupant density.
TABLE 403.3
REQUIRED OUTDOOR VENTILATION AIR
ESTIMATED
MAXIMUM OUTDOOR AIR
OCCUPANT (Cubic feet per
LOAD, PERSONS minute (cfm)
PER 1,000 per person)
OCCUPANCY CLASSIFICATION SQUARE FEET{a} UNLESS NOTED{e}
________________________________________________________________________
Correctional facilities
Cells
without plumbing,
fixtures 20 20
with plumbing fixtures 20 20
Dining halls 100 15
Guard stations 40 15
________________________________________________________________________
Dry cleaners, laundries
Coin-operated dry cleaner 20 15
Coin-operated laundries 20 15
Commercial dry cleaner 30 30
Commercial laundry 10 25
Storage, pick up 30 35
________________________________________________________________________
Education
Auditoriums 150 15
Classrooms 50 15
Corridors -- 0.10 cfm/ft{2}
Laboratories 30 20
Libraries 20 15
Locker rooms{b} -- 0.50 cfm/ft{2}
Music rooms 50 15
Smoking lounges{bg} 70 60
Training shops 30 20
________________________________________________________________________
Food and beverage service
Bars, cocktail lounges 100 30
Cafeteria, fast food 100 70
Dining rooms 70 20
Kitchens (cooking){fa} 20 15
________________________________________________________________________
Hospitals, nursing and
convalescent homes
Autopsy rooms{b} -- 0.50 cfm/ft{2}
Medical procedure rooms 20 15
Operating rooms 20 30
Patient rooms 10 25
Physical therapy 20 15
Recovery and ICU 20 15
________________________________________________________________________
Hotels, motels, resorts and
dormitories
Assembly rooms 120 15
Bathrooms{bg} -- 35 cfm per room
Bedrooms -- 30 cfm per room
Conference rooms 50 20
Dormitory sleeping areas 20 15
Gambling casinos 120 30
Living rooms -- 30 cfm per room
Lobbies 30 15
________________________________________________________________________
Laboratories
Industrial and nonteaching 8 1.0 cfm/ft{2}
Chemical 8 1.0 cfm/ft{2}
Biological 8 1.0 cfm/ft{2}
Nonproduction chemical labs as per NFPA 45 as per NFPA 45
TABLE 403.3 Continued
REQUIRED OUTDOOR VENTILATION AIR
ESTIMATED
MAXIMUM OUTDOOR AIR
OCCUPANT (Cubic feet per
LOAD, PERSON minute (cfm)
PER 1,000 per person)
OCCUPANCY CLASSIFICATION SQUARE FEET{a} UNLESS NOTED{e}
________________________________________________________________________
Offices
Conference rooms 50 20
Office spaces 7 20
Reception areas 60 15
Telecommunication centers
and data entry 60 20
________________________________________________________________________
Private dwellings, single
and multiple Garages,
common for multiple
units{b} -- 1.5 cfm/ft{2}
Garages, separate for each
dwelling -- 100 cfm per car
Kitchens{g} -- 100 cfm
intermittent or 25
cfm continuous
Living areas{c} Based upon number 0.35 air changes
of bedrooms. First per hour{3} or 15 cfm
bedroom: 2; each per person.
additional whichever is
bedroom: 1 greater
Toilet rooms and
bathrooms{g} -- Mechanical
exhaust capacity of
50 cfm
intermittent or 20
cfm continuous
Public spaces
Corridors and utilities -- 0.05 cfm/ft{2}
Elevators{g} -- 1.00 cfm/ft{2}
Locker rooms{b} -- 0.5 cfm/ft{2}
Shower room
(per shower head){bg} 70 50cfm
intermittent or 20
cfm continuous
Smoking lounges{bg} 60
Toilet rooms{bg} 75 cfm per water
closet or urinal
Retail stores, sales floors
and showroom floors
Basement and street -- 0.30 cfm/ft{2}
Dressing rooms -- 0.20 cfm/ft{2}
Malls and arcades -- 0.20 cfm/ft{2}
Shipping and receiving -- 0.15 cfm/ft{2}
Smoking lounges 70 60
Storage rooms -- 0.15 cfm/ft{2}
Upper floors -- 0.20 cfm/ft{2}
Warehouses -- 0.05 cfm/ft{2}
TABLE 403.3 Continued
REQUIRED OUTDOOR VENTILATION AIR
ESTIMATED
MAXIMUM OUTDOOR AIR
OCCUPANT (Cubic feet per
LOAD, PERSONS minute (cfm)
PER 1,000 per person)
OCCUPANCY CLASSIFICATION SQUARE FEET{a} UNLESS NOTED{e}
________________________________________________________________________
Specialty shops
Automotive motorfuel
-dispensing stations -- 1.5 cfm/ft{2}
Barber 25 15
Beauty 25 25
Clothiers, furniture -- 0.30 cfm/ft{2}
Florists 8 15
Hardware, drugs, fabrics 8 15
Nail salon{b} -- 25
Pet shops -- 1.00 cfm/ft{2}
Reducing salons 20 15
Supermarkets 8 15
________________________________________________________________________
Sports and amusement
Ballrooms and discos 100 25
Bowling alleys (seating
areas) 70 25
Game rooms 70 25
Ice arenas -- 0.50 cfm/ft{2}-
Playing floors (gymnasiums) 30 20
Spectator areas 150 15
Swimming pools (pool
and deck area) -- 0.50 cfm/ft{2}
________________________________________________________________________
Storage
Repair garages, enclosed
parking garages{d} -- 1.5 cfm/ft{2}
Warehouses -- 0.05 cfm/ft{2}
________________________________________________________________________
Theaters
Auditoriums 150 15
Lobbies 150 20
Stages, studios 70 15
Ticket booths 60 20
________________________________________________________________________
Transportation
Platforms 100 15
Vehicles 150 15
Waiting rooms 100 15
________________________________________________________________________
Workrooms
Bank vaults 5 15
Darkrooms -- 0.50 cfm/ft{2}
Duplicating, printing -- 0.50 cfm/ft{2}
Meat processing{c} 10 15
Pharmacy 20 15
Photo studios 10 15
For SI: 1 cubic foot per minute = 0.0004719 m{3}/s. 1 ton = 908 kg, 1
cubic foot per minute per square foot = 0.00508 m{3}/(s * M{2}). °C =
[(°F)-32]/1.8, 1 square foot = 0.0929 m{2}.
a. Based upon net floor area.
b. Mechanical exhaust required and the recirculation of air from such
spaces as permitted by Section 403.2.1 is prohibited (see Section
403.2.11.
c. Spaces unheated or maintained below 50°F are not covered by these
requirements unless the occupancy is continuous.
d. Ventilation systems in enclosed parking garages shall comply with
Section 404. A mechanical ventilation system shall not be required in
garages having a floor area not exceeding 850 square feet and used for
the storage of not more than four vehicles or trucks of 1 ton maximum
capacity.
e. Where the ventilation rate is expressed in cfm/ft{2}, such rate is
based upon cubic feet per minute per square foot of the floor area being
ventilated.
f. The sum of the outdoor and transfer air from adjacent spaces shall
be sufficient to provide an exhaust rate of not less than 1.5 cfm/ft{2}.
g. Transfer air permitted in accordance with Section 403.2.2.
h. Nonproduction chemical laboratories subject to Section 419 of the
New York City Building Code.
403.3.1 System operation. The minimum flow rate of outdoor air that
the ventilation system must be capable of suppling during its operation
shall be permitted to be based on the rate per person indicated in Table
403.3 and the actual number of occupants present. Intermittent exhaust
shall be permitted where an individual exhaust duct and fan are provided
and the operation of the fan is controlled by occupants of the space
being vented.
403.3.2 Common ventilation system. Where spaces having different
ventilation rate requirements are serviced by a common ventilation
system, the ratio of outdoor air to total supply air force the system
shall be determined based on the space having the largest outdoor air
requirement or shall be determined in accordance with the following
formula:
EQUATION 4-1
Y = X/(1 + X - Z)
Where
Y = V[oc]V[so] = Corrected fraction of outdoor air in system supply.
X = V[on]/V[zl] = Uncorrected fraction of outdoor air in system
supply.
Z = V[oc]/V[zc] = Fraction of outdoor air in critical space. The
critical space is that space with the greatest required fraction of
outdoor air in the supply to this space.
V[oc] = Corrected total outdoor airflow rate.
V[zl] = Total supply flow rate, i.e., the sum of all supply for all
branches of the system.
V[ox] = Sum of outdoor airflow rates for all branches on system.
V[oc] = Outdoor airflow rate required in critical spaces.
V[zc] = Supply flow rate in critical space.
403.3.3 Variable air volume system control. Variable air volume air
distribution systems, other than those designed to supply only
100-percent outdoor air, shall be provided with controls to regulate the
flow of outdoor air. Such control systems shall be designed to maintain
the flow of outdoor air at a rate of not less than that required by
Section 403 over the entire range of supply air operating rates.
403.3.4 Balancing. Ventilation systems shall be balanced by an
approved method. Such balancing shall verity that the ventilation system
is capable of supplying the airflow rates required by Section 403.
SECTION MC 404
ENCLOSED PARKING GARAGES
404.1 Enclosed parking garages. Mechanical ventilation systems for
enclosed parking garages are not required to operate continuously where
the system is arranged to operate automatically upon detection of a
concentration of carbon monoxide of 25 parts per million (ppm) by
approved automatic detection devices.
404.2 Minimum ventilation. Automatic operation of the system shall not
reduce the ventilation rate below 0.05 cfm per square foot
(0.00025m{3}/s * m{2}) of the floor area and the system shall be capable
of producing a ventilation rate of 1.5 cfm per square foot (0.007m{3}/s
* m{2}) of floor area.
404.3 Occupied spaces accessory to public garages. Connecting offices,
waiting rooms, ticket boots and similar uses that are accessory to a
public garage shall be maintained at a positive pressure and shall be
provided with ventilation in accordance with Section 403.3.
SECTION MC 405
SYSTEMS CONTROL
405.1 General. Mechanical ventilation systems shall be provided with
manual or automatic controls that will operate such systems whenever the
spaces are occupied. Air-conditioning systems that supply required
ventilation air shall be provided with controls designed to
automatically maintain the required outdoor air supply rate during
occupancy.
405.2 Manual control. Each air distribution system shall be provided
with not less than one manual control to stop the operation of the
supply, return, and exhaust fans(s) in an emergency. The manual control
shall be provided at an approved location.
405.2.1 Office buildings. Any building where the main use or dominant
occupancy is classified in occupancy group B having occupied floors
located more than 75 feet (22 860 mm) above the lowest level of fire
department vehicles access, where a system serves a floor or floors
other than the floor on which the equipment is located, shall be
provided with the following controls, in addition to the controls
required by this chapter:
1. Manual controls for operating individually each air supply and each
exhaust or return fan in the system located as follows:
1.1. At the Fire Command Center, and
1.2. In the room containing the affected air-handling fans.
2. Manual controls for operating individually or in groups each remote
control reversible fire shutter, when such shutters are provided in
accordance with the provisions of the New York City Building Code, or
each smoke damper provided in accordance with the provisions of the New
York City Building Code. Such controls shall be located at the Fire
Command Center.
SECTION MC 406
VENTILATION OF UNINHABITED SPACES
406.1 General. Uninhabited spaces, such as crawl spaces and attics,
shall be provided with natural ventilation openings as required by the
New York City Building Code or shall be provided with a mechanical
exhaust and supply air system. The mechanical exhaust rate shall be not
less than 0.02 cfm per square foot (0.00001 m{3} * m{2}) or horizontal
area and shall be automatically controlled to operate when the relative
humidity in the space served exceeds 60 percent.
SECTION MC 407
VENTILATION OF NON-PRODUCTION CHEMICAL LABORATORIES
407.1 General. Non-production chemical laboratories complying with the
hazardous materials quantity limitations of Section 419 of the New York
City Building Code shall provide a mechanical ventilation system in
accordance with this code and NFPA 45, except that ducts constructed of
combustible materials shall not be permitted.
CHAPTER 5
EXHAUST SYSTEMS
SECTION MC 501
GENERAL
501.1 Scope. This chapter shall govern the design, construction and
installation of mechanical exhaust systems, including dust, stock and
refuse conveyor systems, exhaust systems servicing commercial cooking
appliances and energy recovery ventilation systems.
501.2 Outdoor discharge. The air removal by every mechanical exhaust
system shall be discharged outdoors at a point where it will not cause a
nuisance and from which it cannot again be readily drawn in by a
ventilating system. Air shall not be exhausted into an attic or crawl
space.
Exception: Whole-house ventilation-type attic fans that discharge into
the attic space of dwelling units having private attics.
501.3 Pressure equalization. Mechanical exhaust systems shall be sized
to remove the quantity of air required by this chapter to be exhausted.
The system shall operate when air is required to be exhausted. Where
mechanical exhaust is required in a room or space in other than
occupancies in Group R-3, such space shall be maintained with a neutral
or negative pressure. If a greater quantity of air is supplied by a
mechanical ventilating supply system than is removed by a mechanical
exhaust system for a room, adequate means shall be provided for the
natural exit of the excess air supplied. If only a mechanical exhaust
system is installed for a room or if a greater quantity of air is
removed by a mechanical exhaust system than is supplied by a mechanical
ventilating supply system for a room, adequate means shall be provided
for the natural supply of the deficiency in the air supplied.
501.4 Ducts. Where exhaust duct construction is not specified in this
chapter, such construction shall comply with Chapter 6 of this code.
501.5 Independent system required.
1. Single or combined mechanical exhaust systems form bath, toilet,
urinal, locker, service sink closets and similar rooms shall be
independent of all other exhaust systems, except as permitted in Section
401.5.2.
2. A separate grease duct system shall be provided for each type I
hood except as provided in Section 506.3.5.
3. Hazardous exhaust systems shall be independent of other types of
exhaust systems as provided in Section 510.
SECTION MC 502
REQUIRED SYSTEMS
502.1 General. An exhaust system shall be provided, maintained and
operated as specifically required by this section and for all occupied
areas where machines, vats, tanks, furnaces, forges, salamanders and
other appliances, equipment and processes in such areas produce or throw
off dust or particles sufficiently light to float in the air, or which
emit heat, odors, fumes, spray, gas or smoke, in such quantities so as
to be irritating or injurious to health or safety.
502.1.1 Exhaust location. The inlet to an exhaust system shall be
located in the area of heaviest concentration of contaminants.
502.1.2 Fuel-dispensing areas. The bottom of an air inlet or exhaust
opening in fuel-dispensing areas shall be located not more than 18
inches (457 mm) above the floor.
502.1.3 Equipment, appliance and service rooms. Equipment, appliances
and system service rooms that house sources of odors, fumes, noxious
gases, smoke, steam, dust, spray or other contaminants shall be designed
and constructed so as to prevent spreading of such contaminants to other
occupied parts of the building.
502.1.4 Hazardous exhaust. The mechanical exhaust of high
concentrations of dust or hazardous vapors shall conform to the
requirements of Section 510.
502.2 Aircraft fueling and defueling. Compartments housing piping,
pumps, air eliminators, water separators, hose reels and similar
equipment used in aircraft fueling and defueling operations shall be
adequately ventilated at floor level or within the floor itself.
502.3 Battery-charging areas. Ventilation shall be provided in an
approved manner in battery-charging areas to prevent a dangerous
accumulation of flammable gases.
502.4 Stationary lead-acid battery systems. Ventilation shall be
provided for stationary lead-acid battery systems in accordance with
this chapter and Section 502.4.1 or 502.4.2.
502.4.1 Hydrogen limit. The ventilation system shall be designed to
limit the maximum concentration of hydrogen to 1.0 percent of the total
volume of the room.
502.4.2 Ventilation rate. Continuous ventilation shall be provided at
a rate of not less than 1 cubic foot per minute per square foot
(cfm/ft{2}) [0.00508 m{3}/(s m{2}] of floor area of the room.
502.5 Valve-regulated lead-acid batteries. Valve-regulated lead-acid
battery systems as regulated by the New York City Fire Code, shall be
provided with ventilation in accordance with Section 502.5.1 or 502.5.2
for rooms and in accordance with Section 502.5.3 or 502.5.4 for
cabinets.
502.5.1 Hydrogen limit in rooms. The ventilation system shall be
designed to limit the maximum concentration of hydrogen to 1.0 percent
of the total volume of the room during the worst-case event of
simultaneous boost charging of all batteries in the room.
502.5.2 Ventilation rate in rooms. Continuous ventilation shall be
provided at a rate of not less than 1 cubic foot per minute per square
foot (cfm/ft{2}) [0.00508 m{3}/(s m{2}) of floor area of the room.
502.5.3 Hydrogen limit in cabinets. The ventilation system shall be
designed to limit the maximum concentration of hydrogen to 1.0 percent
of the total volume of the cabinet during the worst-case event of
simultaneous boost charging of all batteries in the cabinet.
502.5.4 Ventilation rate in cabinets. Continuous ventilation shall be
provided at a rate of not less than 1 cubic foot per minute per square
foot (cfm/ft{2}) [0.00508 m{3}/(s m)] of the floor area covered by the
cabinet. The room in which the cabinet is installed shall also be
ventilated as required by Section 502.5.1 or 502.5.2.
502.6 Dry cleaning plants. Mechanical ventilation in dry cleaning
plants shall be provided and shall be adequate to protect employees and
the public in accordance with this section and DOL 29 CFR Part
1910.1000, where applicable.
502.6.1 Type II and Type III systems. Type II and Type III dry
cleaning systems shall be provided with a mechanical ventilation system
that is designed to exhaust 1 cubic foot of air per minute for each
square foot of floor area (1 cfm/ft{2}) [0.00508 m{3}/(s m{2})] in dry
cleaning rooms and in drying rooms. The ventilation system shall operate
automatically when the dry cleaning equipment is in operation and shall
have manual controls at an approved location.
502.6.2 Type IV and V systems. Type IV and V dry cleaning systems
shall be provided with an automatically activated exhaust ventilation
system to maintain a minimum of 100 feet per minute (0.5 m/s) air
velocity through the loading door when the door is opened.
Exception: Dry cleaning units are not required to be provided with
exhaust ventilation where an exhaust hood is installed immediately
outside of and above the loading door which operates at an airflow rate
as follows:
Q = 100 x A[LD] (Equation 5-1)
where:
Q = Flow rate exhausted through the hood, cubic feet per minute.
A[LD] = Area of the loading door, square feet.
502.6.3 Spotting and pretreating. Scrubbing tubs, scouring, brushing
or spotting operations shall be located such that solvent vapors are
captured and exhausted by the ventilating system.
502.7 Application of flammable finishes. Mechanical exhaust as
required by this section shall be provided for operations involving the
application of flammable finishes and shall comply with the New York
City Fire Code.
502.7.1 During construction. Ventilation shall be provided for
operations involving the application of materials containing flammable
solvents in the course of construction, alteration or demolition of a
structure.
502.7.2 Limited spraying spaces. Positive mechanical ventilation which
provides a minimum of six complete air changes per hour shall be
installed in limited spraying spaces. Such system shall meet the
requirements of the New York City Fire Code for handling flammable
vapors. Explosion venting is not required.
502.7.3 Spraying areas. Mechanical ventilation of spraying areas and
resin application areas shall be provided in accordance with Sections
502.7.3.1 through 502.7.3.6.
502.7.3.1 Operation. Mechanical ventilation shall be kept in operation
at all times while spraying operations are being conducted and for a
sufficient time thereafter to allow vapors from drying coated articles
and finishing material residue to be exhausted. Spraying equipment shall
be interlocked with the ventilation of the spraying area such that
spraying operations cannot be conducted unless the ventilation system is
in operation.
502.7.3.2 Recirculation. Air exhausted from spraying operations shall
not be recirculated.
1. Air exhausted from spraying operations shall be permitted to be
recirculated as makeup air for unmanned spray operations provided that:
1.1 Solid particulate has been removed.
1.2 The vapor concentration is less than 25 percent of the lower
flammable limit (LFL).
1.3 Approved equipment is used to monitor the vapor concentration.
1.4 An alarm is sounded and spray operations are automatically shut
down if the vapor concentration exceeds 25 percent of the LFL.
1.5 The spray booths, spray spaces or spray rooms involved in any
recirculation process shall be provided with mechanical ventilation that
shall automatically exhaust 100 percent of the required air volume in
the event of shutdown by approved equipment used to monitor vapor
concentrations.
2. Air exhausted from spraying operations shall be permitted to be
recirculated as makeup air to manned spraying operations if all of the
conditions provided in Exception 1 are included in the installation and
documents have been prepared to show that the installation does not
present life safety hazards to personnel inside the spray booth, spray
space or spray room.
502.7.3.3 Air velocity. Ventilation systems shall be designed,
installed and maintained such that the average air velocity over the
open face of the booth, or booth cross section in the direction of
airflow during spraying operations, is not less than 100 feet per minute
(0.51 m/s).
502.7.3.4 Ventilation obstruction. Articles being sprayed shall be
positioned in a manner that does not obstruct collection of overspray.
502.7.3.5 Independent ducts. Each spray booth and spray room shall
have an independent exhaust duct system discharging to the outdoors.
Exceptions:
1. Multiple spray booths having a combined frontal area of 18 square
feet (1.67 m{2}) or less are allowed to have a common exhaust where
identical spray-finishing material is used in each booth. If more than
one fan serves one booth, such fans shall be interconnected so that all
fans operate simultaneously.
2. Where treatment of exhaust is necessary for air pollution control
or energy conservation, ducts shall be allowed to be manifold if all of
the following conditions are met:
2.1 The sprayed materials used are compatible and will not react or
cause ignition of the residue in the ducts.
2.2 Nitrocellulose-based finishing material shall not be used.
2.3 A filtering system shall be provided to reduce the amount of
overspray carried into the duct manifold.
2.4 Automatic sprinkler protection shall be provided at the junction
of each booth exhaust with the manifold, in addition to the protection
required by this chapter.
502.7.3.6 Termination point. The termination point for exhaust ducts
discharging to the atmosphere shall be located with the following
minimum distances.
1. For ducts conveying explosive or flammable vapors, fumes or dusts:
30 feet (9144 mm) from the property line; 10 feet (3048 mm) from
openings into the building; 6 feet (1829 mm) from exterior walls and
roofs; 30 feet (9144 mm) from combustible walls and openings into the
building which are in the direction of the exhaust discharge; 10 feet
(3048 mm) above adjoining grade.
2. For other product-conveying outlets: 10 feet (3048 mm) from the
property line: 3 feet (914 mm) from exterior walls and roofs; 10 feet
(3048 mm) from openings into the building: 10 feet (3048 mm) above
adjoining grade.
3. For environmental air duct exhaust: 3 feet (914 mm) from the
property line; 3 feet (914 mm) from openings into the building.
502.7.3.7 Fan motors and belts. Electric motors driving exhaust fans
shall not be placed inside booths or ducts. Fan rotating elements shall
be nonferrous or nonsparking or the casing shall consist of, or be lined
with, such material. Belts shall not enter the duct or booth unless the
belt and pulley within the duct are tightly enclosed.
502.7.4 Dipping operations. Vapor areas of dip tank operations shall
be provided with mechanical ventilation adequate to prevent the
dangerous accumulation of vapors. Required ventilation systems shall be
so arranged that the failure of any ventilating fan will automatically
stop the dipping conveyor system.
502.7.5 Electrostatic apparatus. The spraying area in spray-finishing
operations involving electrostatic apparatus and devices shall be
ventilated in accordance with Section 502.7.3.
502.7.6 Powder coating. Exhaust ventilation for powder-coating
operations shall be sufficient to maintain the atmosphere below one-half
of the minimum explosive concentration for the material being applied.
Nondeposited, air-suspended powders shall be removed through exhaust
ducts to the powder recovery cyclone or receptacle.
502.7.7 Floor resurfacing operations. To prevent the accumulation of
flammable vapors during floor resurfacing operations, mechanical
ventilation at a minimum rate of 1 cfm/ft{2}[0.00508 m{3}/(s - m{2})] of
area being finished shall be provided. Such ventilation shall be by
approved temporary or portable means. Vapors shall be exhausted to the
outdoors. Such ventilation equipment shall be kept in operation while
the floor finishing operations are conducted and until any flammable
vapors have been exhausted.
502.7.8 Resin application areas. Exhaust ventilation for resin
application areas shall comply with Section 502.7.3.
Exception: Mechanical ventilation is not required for buildings that
are unenclosed for at least 75 percent of the perimeter.
502.8 Hazardous materials - general requirements. Exhaust ventilation
systems for structures containing hazardous materials shall be provided
as required in Sections 502.8.1 through 502.8.5 and shall comply with
the New York City Fire Code.
502.8.1 Storage in excess of the maximum allowable quantities. Indoor
storage areas and storage buildings for hazardous materials in amounts
exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area shall be
provided with mechanical exhaust ventilation or natural ventilation
where natural ventilation can be shown to be acceptable for the
materials as stored.
Exception: Storage areas for flammable solids complying with the New
York City Fire Code.
502.8.1.1 System requirements. Exhaust ventilation systems shall
comply with all of the following:
1. The installation shall be in accordance with this code.
2. Mechanical ventilation shall be provided at a rate of not less than
1 cfm/ft{2} [0.00508 m{3}/(s - m {2})] of floor area over the storage
area.
3. The systems shall operate continuously unless alternate designs are
approved.
4. A manual shutoff control shall be provided outside of the room in a
position adjacent to the access door to the room or in another approved
location. The switch shall be of the break-glass type and shall be
labeled: VENTILATION SYSTEM EMERGENCY SHUTOFF.
5. The exhaust ventilation system shall be designed to consider the
density of the potential fumes or vapors released. For fumes or vapors
that are heavier than air, exhaust shall be taken from a point within 12
inches (304 mm) of the floor.
6. The location of both the exhaust and inlet air openings shall be
designed to provide air movement across all portions of the floor or
room to prevent the accumulation of vapors.
7. The exhaust ventilation shall not be recirculated within the room
or building if the materials stored are capable of emitting hazardous
vapors.
502.8.2 Gas rooms, exhausted enclosures and gas cabinets. The
ventilation system for gas rooms, exhausted enclosures and gas cabinets
for any quantity of hazardous material shall be designed to operate at a
negative pressure in relation to the surrounding area. Highly toxic and
toxic gases shall also comply with Sections 502.9.7.1, 502.9.7.2 and
502.9.8.4.
502.8.3 Indoor dispensing and use. Indoor dispensing and use areas for
hazardous materials in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable quantity
per control area shall be provided with exhaust ventilation in
accordance with Section 502.8.1.
Exception: Ventilation is not required for dispensing- and use of
flammable solids other than finely divided particles.
502.8.4 Indoor dispensing and use-point sources. Where gases, liquids
or solids in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per
control area and having a hazard ranking of 3 or 4 in accordance with
NFPA 704 are dispensed or used, mechanical exhaust ventilation shall be
provided to capture fumes, mists or vapors at the point of generation.
Exception: Where it can be demonstrated that the gases, liquids or
solids do not create harmful fumes, mists or vapors.
502.8.5 Closed systems. Where closed systems for the use of hazardous
materials in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per
control area are designed to be opened as part of normal operations,
ventilation shall be provided in accordance with Section 502.8.4.
502.9 Hazardous materials - requirements for specific materials.
Exhaust ventilation systems for specific hazardous materials shall be
provided as required in Section 502.8 and Sections 502.9.1 through
502.9.11 and shall comply with the New York City Fire Code.
502.9.1 Compressed gases medical gas systems. Rooms for the storage of
compressed medical gases in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable
exempt quantity per control area, and which do not have an exterior
wall, shall be exhausted through a duct to the exterior of the building.
Each space shall be separately exhausted, and each exhaust air stream
shall be enclosed in a 1-hour-rated shaft enclosure from the room to the
exterior. Approved mechanical ventilation shall be provided at a minimum
rate of 1 cfm/ft{2} [0.00508 m{3}/(s - m{2})] of the area of the room.
Gas cabinets for the storage of compressed medical gases in amounts
exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area shall be
connected to an exhaust system. The average velocity of ventilation at
the face of access ports or windows shall be not less than 200 feet per
minute (1.02 m/s) with a minimum velocity of 150 feet per minute (0.76
m/s) at any point at the access port or window.
502.9.2 Corrosives. Where corrosive materials in amounts exceeding the
maximum allowable quantity per control area are dispensed or used,
mechanical exhaust ventilation in accordance with Section 502.8.4 shall
be provided.
502.9.3 Cryogenics. Storage areas for stationary or portable
containers of cryogenic fluids in any quantity shall be ventilated in
accordance with Section 502.8. Indoor areas where cryogenic fluids in
any quantity are dispensed shall be ventilated in accordance with the
requirements of Section 502.8.4 in a manner that captures any vapor at
the point of generation.
Exception: Ventilation for indoor dispensing areas is not required
where it can be demonstrated that the cryogenic fluids do not create
harmful vapors.
502.9.4 Explosives. Squirrel cage blowers shall not be used for
exhausting hazardous fumes, vapors or gases in operating buildings and
rooms for the manufacture, assembly or testing of explosives. Only
nonferrous fan blades shall be used for fans located within the ductwork
and through which hazardous materials are exhausted. Motors shall be
located outside the duct.
502.9.5 Flammable and combustible liquids. Exhaust ventilation systems
shall be provided as required by Sections 502.9.5.1 through 502.9.5.5
for the storage, use, dispensing, mixing and handling of flammable and
combustible liquids. Unless otherwise specified, this section shall
apply to any quantity of flammable and combustible liquids.
Exception: This section shall not apply to flammable and combustible
liquids that are exempt from the New York City Fire Code.
502.9.5.1 Vaults. Vaults that contain tanks of Class I liquids shall
be provided with continuous ventilation at a rate of not less than 1
cfm/ft{2} of floor area [0.00508 m{3}/(s - m{2})], but not less than 150
cfm (4 m{3}/min). Failure of the exhaust airflow shall automatically
shut down the dispensing system. The exhaust system shall be designed to
provide air movement across all parts of the vault floor. Supply and
exhaust ducts shall extend to a point not greater than 12 inches (305
mm) and not less than 3 inches (76 mm) above the floor. The exhaust
system, shall be installed in accordance with the provisions of NFPA 91.
Means shall be provided to automatically detect any flammable vapors and
to automatically shut down the dispensing system upon detection of such
flammable vapors in the exhaust duct at a concentration of 25 percent of
the LFL.
502.9.5.2 Storage rooms and warehouses. Liquid storage rooms and
liquid storage warehouses for quantities of liquids exceeding those
specified in the New York City Fire Code shall be ventilated in
accordance with Section 502.8.1.
502.9.5.3 Cleaning machines. Areas containing machines used for parts
cleaning in accordance with the New York City Fire Code shall be
adequately ventilated to prevent accumulation of vapors.
502.9.5.4 Use, dispensing and mixing. Continuous mechanical
ventilation shall be provided for the use, dispensing and mixing of
flammable and combustible liquids in open or closed systems in amounts
exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area and for bulk
transfer and process transfer operations. The ventilation rate shall be
not less than 1 cfm/ft{2} [0.00508m{3}/(s - m{2})] of floor area over
the design area. Provisions shall be made for the introduction of
makeup air in a manner that will include all floor areas or pits where
vapors can collect. Local or spot ventilation shall be provided where
needed to prevent the accumulation of hazardous vapors.
502.9.5.5 Bulk plants or terminals. Ventilation shall be provided for
portions of properties where flammable and combustible liquids are
received by tank vessels, pipelines, tank cars or tank vehicles and
which are stored or blended in bulk for the purpose of distributing such
liquids by tank vessels, pipelines, tank cars, tank vehicles or
containers as required by Sections 502.9.5.5.1 through 502.9.5.5.3.
502.9.5.5.1 General. Ventilation shall be provided for rooms,
buildings and enclosures in which Class I liquids are pumped, used or
transferred. Design of ventilation systems shall consider the
relatively high specific gravity of the vapors. Where natural
ventilation is used. adequate openings in outside walls at floor level,
unobstructed except by louvers or coarse screens, shall be provided.
Where natural ventilation is inadequate, mechanical ventilation shall be
provided. The natural ventilation design shall be approved for each
specific application v the commissioner prior to installation and/or
use.
502.9.5.5.2 Basements and pits. Class I liquids shall not be stored or
used within a building having a basement or pit into which flammable
vapors can travel, unless such area is provided with ventilation
designed to prevent the accumulation of flammable vapors therein.
502.9.5.5.3 Dispensing of Class I liquids. Containers of Class I
liquids shall not be drawn from or filled within buildings unless a
provision is made to prevent the accumulation of flammable vapors in
hazardous concentrations. Where mechanical ventilation is required, it
shall be kept in operation while flammable vapors could be present.
502.9.6 Highly toxic and toxic liquids. Ventilation exhaust shall be
provided for highly toxic and toxic liquids as required by Sections
502.9.6.1 and 502.9.6.2.
502.9.6.1 Treatment system. This provision shall apply to indoor and
outdoor storage and use of highly Toxic and toxic liquids in amounts
exceeding the maximum allowable quantities per control area. Exhaust
scrubbers or other systems for processing vapors of highly toxic liquids
shall be provided where a spill or accidental release of such liquids
can be expected to release highly toxic vapors at normal temperature and
pressure.
502.9.6.2 Open and closed systems. Mechanical exhaust ventilation
shall be provided for highly toxic and toxic liquids used in open
systems in accordance with Section 502.8.4. Mechanical exhaust
ventilation shall be provided for highly toxic and toxic liquids used in
closed systems in accordance with Section 502.8.5.
Exception: Liquids or solids that do not generate highly toxic or
toxic fumes, mists or vapors.
502.9.7 Highly toxic and toxic compressed gases - any quantity.
Ventilation exhaust shall be provided for highly toxic and toxic
compressed gases in any quantity as required by Sections 502.9.7.1 and
502.9.7.2.
502.9.7.1 Gas cabinets. Gas cabinets containing highly toxic or toxic
compressed gases in any quantity shall comply with Section 502.8.2 and
the following requirements:
1. The average ventilation velocity at the face of gas cabinet access
ports or windows shall be not less than 200 feet per minute (1.02 m/s)
with a minimum velocity of 150 feet per minute (0.76 m/s) at any point
at the access port or window.
2. Gas cabinets shall be connected to an exhaust system.
3. Gas cabinets shall not be used as the sole means of exhaust for any
room or area.
502.9.7.2 Exhausted enclosures. Exhausted enclosures containing highly
toxic or toxic compressed gases in any quantity shall comply with
Section 502.8.2 and the following requirements:
1. The average ventilation velocity at the face of the enclosure shall
be not less than 200 feet per minute (1.02 m/s) with a minimum velocity
of 150 feet per minute (0.76 m/s).
2. Exhausted enclosures shall be connected to an exhaust system.
3. Exhausted enclosures shall not be used as the sole means of exhaust
for any room or area.
502.9.8 Highly toxic and toxic compressed gases quantities exceeding
the maximum allowable per control area. Ventilation exhaust shall be
provided for highly toxic and toxic compressed gases in amounts
exceeding the maximum allowable quantities per control area as required
by Sections 502.9.8.1 through 502.9.8.6.
502.9.8.1 Ventilated areas. The room or area in which indoor gas
cabinets or exhausted enclosures are located shall be provided with
exhaust ventilation. Gas cabinets or exhausted enclosures shall not be
used as the sole means of exhaust for any room or area.
502.9.8.2 Local exhaust for portable tanks. A means of local exhaust
shall be provided to capture leakage from indoor and outdoor portable
tanks. The local exhaust shall consist of portable ducts or collection
systems designed to be applied to the site of a leak in a valve or
fitting on the tank. The local exhaust system shall be located in a gas
room. Exhaust shall be directed to a treatment system where required by
the New York City Fire Code.
502.9.8.3 Piping and controls - stationary tanks. Filling or
dispensing connections on indoor stationary tanks shall be provided with
a means of local exhaust. Such exhaust shall be designed to capture
fumes and vapors. The exhaust shall be directed to a treatment system
where required by the New York City Fire Code.
502.9.8.4 Gas rooms. The ventilation system for gas rooms shall be
designed to operate at a negative pressure in relation to the
surrounding area. The exhaust ventilation from gas rooms shall be
directed to an exhaust system.
502.9.8.5 Treatment system. The exhaust ventilation from gas cabinets,
exhausted enclosures and gas rooms, and local exhaust systems required
in Sections 502.8.2 and 502.9.8.3 shall be directed to a treatment
system where required by the New York City Fire Code.
502.9.8.6 Process equipment. Effluent from indoor and outdoor process
equipment containing highly toxic or toxic compressed gases which could
be discharged to the atmosphere shall be processed through an exhaust
scrubber or other processing system. Such systems shall be in accordance
with the New York City Fire Code.
502.9.9 Ozone gas generators. Ozone cabinets and ozone gas-generator
rooms for systems having a maximum ozone-generating capacity of one-half
pound (0.23 kg) or more over a 24-hour period shall be mechanically
ventilated at rate of not less than six air changes per hour. For
cabinets, the average velocity of ventilation at makeup air openings
with cabinet doors closed shall be not less than 200 feet per minute
(1.02 m/s).
502.9.10 LP-gas distribution facilities. LP-gas distribution
facilities shall conform to the requirements of the New York City Fire
Code.
502.9.11 Silane gas. Exhausted enclosures and gas cabinets for the
indoor storage of silane gas in amounts exceeded the maximum allowable
quantities per control area shall comply with this section.
1. Exhausted enclosures and gas cabinets shall be in accordance with
Section 502.8.2.
2. The velocity of ventilation across unwelded fittings and
connections on the piping system shall not be less than 200 feet per
minute (1.02 m/s).
3. The average velocity at the face of the access ports or windows in
the gas cabinet shall not be less than 200 feet per minute (1.02 m/s)
with a minimum velocity of 150 feet per minute (0.76 m/s) at any point
at the access port or window.
502.10 Hazardous production materials (HPM). Exhaust ventilation
systems and materials for ducts utilized for the exhaust of HPM shall
comply with this section, other applicable provisions of this code, the
New York City Building Code and the New York City Fire Code.
502.10.1 Where required. Exhaust ventilation systems shall be provided
in the following locations in accordance with the requirements of this
section and the New York City Building Code:
1. Fabrication areas: Exhaust ventilation for fabrication areas shall
comply with the New York City Building Code. Additional manual control
switches shall be provided where required by the commissioner.
2. Workstations: A ventilation system shall be provided to capture and
exhaust fumes and vapors at workstations.
3. Liquid storage rooms: Exhaust ventilation for liquid storage rooms
shall comply with Section 502.8.1.1 and the New York City Building Code.
4. HPM rooms: Exhaust ventilation for HPM rooms shall comply with
Section 502.8.1.1 and the New York City Building Code.
5. Gas cabinets: Exhaust ventilation for gas cabinets shall comply
with Section 502.8.2. The gas cabinet ventilation system is allowed to
connect to a workstation ventilation system. Exhaust ventilation for gas
cabinets containing highly toxic or toxic gases shall also comply with
Sections 502.9.7 and 502.9.8.
6. Exhausted enclosures: Exhaust ventilation for exhausted enclosures
shall comply with Section 502.8.2. Exhaust ventilation for exhausted
enclosures containing highly toxic or toxic gases shall also comply with
Sections 502.9.7 and 502.9.8.
7. Gas rooms: Exhaust ventilation for gas rooms shall comply with
Section 502.8.2. Exhaust ventilation for gas cabinets containing highly
toxic or toxic gases shall also comply with Sections 502.9.7 and
502.9.8.
502.10.2 Penetrations. Exhaust ducts penetrating fire barrier
assemblies shall be contained in a shaft of equivalent fire-resistive
construction. Exhaust ducts shall not penetrate building separation
fire walls. Fire dampers shall not be installed in exhaust ducts.
502.10.3 Treatment systems. Treatment systems for highly toxic and
toxic gases shall comply with the New York City Fire Code.
502.11 Motion picture projectors. Motion picture projectors shall be
exhausted in accordance with Section 502.11.1 or 502.11.2.
502.11.1 Projectors with an exhaust discharge. Projectors equipped
with an exhaust discharge shall be directly connected to a mechanical
exhaust system. The exhaust system shall operate at an exhaust rate as
indicated by the manufacturer's installation instructions.
502.11.2 Projectors without exhaust connection. Projectors without an
exhaust connection shall have contaminants exhausted through a
mechanical exhaust system. The exhaust rate for electric arc projectors
shall be a minimum of 200 cubic feet per minute (cfm) (0.09 m{3}/s) per
lamp. The exhaust rate for xenon projectors shall be a minimum of 300
cfm (0.14 m{3}/s) per lamp. Xenon projector exhaust shall be a rate such
that the exterior temperature of the lamp housing does not exceed 130°F
(54°C). The lamp and projection room exhaust systems, whether combined
or independent, shall not be interconnected with any other exhaust or
return system within the building.
502.12 Organic coating processes. Enclosed structures involving
organic coating processes in which Class I liquids are processed or
handled shall be ventilated at a rate of not less than 1 cfm/ft{2}
[0.00508 m{3}/(s m{2})] of solid floor area. Ventilation shall be
accomplished by exhaust fans that intake at floor levels and discharge
to a safe location outside the structure. Noncontaminated intake air
shall be introduced in such a manner that all portions of solid floor
areas are provided with continuous uniformly distributed air movement.
502.13 Public garages. Mechanical exhaust systems for public garages,
as required in Chapter 4, shall operate continuously or in accordance
with Section 404.
502.14 Motor vehicle operation. In areas where motor vehicles operate,
mechanical ventilation shall be provided in accordance with Section 403.
Additionally, areas in which stationary motor vehicles are operated
shall be provided with a source capture system that connects directly to
the motor vehicle exhaust systems.
Exceptions:
1. This section shall not apply where the motor vehicles being
operated or repaired are electrically powered.
2. This section shall not apply to one- and two-family dwellings.
3. This section shall not apply to motor vehicle service areas where
engines are operated inside the building only for the duration necessary
to move the motor vehicles in and out of the building.
502.15 Repair garages. Where Class I liquids are stored or used within
a building having a basement or pit wherein flammable vapors could
accumulate, the basement or pit shall be provided with ventilation at a
minimum rate of 1.5 cubic feet per minute per square foot (cfm/ft{2})
[0.009 m{3}/(s m{2})] to prevent the acculturation of flammable vapors
therein.
502.16 Repair garages for natural gas- and hydrogen-fueled vehicles.
Repair garages used for the repair of natural gas- or hydrogen-fueled
vehicles shall be provided with an approved mechanical ventilation
system. The mechanical ventilation system shall be in accordance with
Sections 502.16.1 and 502.16.2.
Exception: Where approved by the commissioner, natural ventilation
shall be permitted in lieu of mechanical ventilation.
502.16.1 Design. Indoor locations shall be ventilated utilizing air
supply inlets and exhaust outlets arranged to provide uniform air
movement to the extent practical. Inlets shall be uniformly arranged on
exterior walls near floor level. Outlets shall be located at the high
point of the room in exterior walls or the roof.
1. Ventilation shall be by a continuous mechanical ventilation system
or by a mechanical ventilation system activated by a continuously
monitoring natural gas detection systems activating at a gas
concentration of not more than 25 percent of the LFL. In all cases, the
system shall shut down the fueling system in the event of failure of the
ventilation system.
2. The ventilation rate shall be at least 1 cubic foot per minute per
12 cubic feet [0.00148 m{3}/(s m{3})] of room volume.
502.16.2 Operation. The mechanical ventilation system shall operate
continuously.
Exceptions:
1. Mechanical ventilation systems that are interlocked with a gas
detection system designed in accordance with the New York City Building
Code.
2. Mechanical ventilation systems in garages that are used only for
the repair of vehicles fueled by liquid fuels or odorized gases, such as
CNG, where the ventilation system is electrically interlocked with the
lighting circuit.
502.17 Tire rebuilding or recapping. Each room where rubber cement is
used or mixed, or where flammable or combustible solvents are applied,
shall be ventilated in accordance with the applicable provisions of NFPA
91.
502.17.1 Buffing machines. Each buffing machine shall be connected to
a dust-collecting system that prevents the accumulation of the dust
produced by the buffing process.
502.18 Specific rooms. Specific rooms, including bathrooms, locker
rooms, smoking lounges and toilet rooms, shall be exhausted in
accordance with the ventilation requirements of Chapter 4.
502.19 Domestic kitchen exhaust systems. In all group R occupancies a
minimum of No. 18 Gage galvanized sheet metal shall be used, except that
ductwork that complies with Section 603.6.1.2 shall be permitted for
independent apartment exhaust systems providing general exhaust
ventilation of kitchen and toilet areas.
502.20 Nonproduction chemical laboratories. Nonproduction chemical
laboratories shall comply with Section 419 of the New York City Building
Code and NFPA 45.
SECTION MC 503
MOTORS AND FANS
503.1 General. Motors and fans shall be sized to provide the required
air movement. Motors in areas that contain flammable vapors or dusts
shall be of a type approved for such environments. A manually operated
remote control installed at an approved location shall be provided to
shut off fans or blowers in flammable vapor or dust systems. Electrical
equipment and appliances used in operations that generate explosive or
flammable vapors, fumes or dusts shall be interlocked with the
ventilation system so that the equipment and appliances cannot be
operated unless the ventilation fans are in operation. Motors for fans
used to convey flammable vapors or dusts shall be located outside the
duct or shall be protected with approved shields and dustproofing.
Motors and fans shall be provided with a means of access for servicing
and maintenance.
503.2 Fans. Parts of fans in contact with explosive or flammable
vapors, fumes or dusts shall be of nonferrous or nonsparking materials,
or their casing shall be lined or constructed of such material. When the
size and hardness of materials passing through a fan are capable of
producing a spark, both the fan and the casing shall be of nonsparking
materials. When fans are required to be spark resistant, their bearings
shall not be within the airstream, and all parts of the fan shall be
grounded. Fans in systems-handling materials that are capable of
clogging the blades, and fans in buffing or woodworking exhaust systems,
shall be of the radial-blade or tube-axial type.
503.3 Equipment and appliances identification plate. Equipment and
appliances used to exhaust explosive or flammable vapors, fumes or dusts
shall bear an identification plate stating the ventilation rate for
which the system was designed.
503.4 Corrosion-resistant fans. Fans located in systems conveying
corrosives shall be of materials that are resistant to the corrosive or
shall be coated with corrosion-resistant materials.
503.5 Fan location. Fans exhausting noxious, toxic, hot vapor or
grease laden air shall be located as close to the terminus as
practicable, at the roof or within a mechanical equipment room,
immediately below the roof.
Exception: Where the fan is listed or approved for such an
application.
SECTION MC 504
CLOTHES DRYER EXHAUST
504.1 Installation. Clothes dryers shall be exhausted in accordance
with the manufacturer's instructions. Dryer exhaust systems shall be
independent of all other systems and shall convey the moisture and any
products of combustion to the outside of the building.
Exception: This section shall not apply to listed and labeled
condensing (ductless) electric clothes dryers.
504.2 Exhaust penetrations. Ducts that exhaust clothes dryers shall
not penetrate or be located within any fireblocking, draftstopping or
any wall, floor/ceiling or other assembly required by the New York City
Building Code to be fire-resistance rated, unless such duct is
constructed of galvanized steel or aluminum of the thickness specified
in Section 603.4 and the fire-resistance rating is maintained in
accordance with the New York City Building Code. Fire dampers,
combination fire/smoke dampers and any similar devices that will
obstruct the exhaust flow, shall be prohibited in clothes dryer exhaust
ducts.
504.3 Cleanout. Each vertical riser shall be provided with a means for
cleanout.
504.4 Exhaust installation. Dryer exhaust ducts for clothes dryers
shall terminate on the outside of the building and shall be equipped
with a backdraft damper. Screens shall not be installed at the duct
termination. Ducts shall not be connected or installed with sheet metal
screws or other fasteners that will obstruct the exhaust flow. Clothes
dryer exhaust ducts shall not be connected to a vent connector, vent or
chimney. Clothes dryer exhaust ducts shall not extend into or through
ducts or plenums.
504.5 Makeup air. Installations exhausting more than 200 cfm (0.09
m{3}/s) shall be provided with makeup air. Where a closet is designed
for the installation of a clothes dryer, an opening having an area of
not less than 100 square inches (0.0645 m{2}) shall be provided in the
closet enclosure.
504.6 Domestic clothes dryer ducts. Exhaust ducts for domestic clothes
dryers shall be constructed of metal and shall have a smooth interior
finish. The exhaust duct shall be a minimum nominal size of four inches
(102 mm) in diameter. The entire exhaust system shall be supported and
secured in place. The male end of the duct at overlapped duct joints
shall be supported and secured in place. The male end of the duct at
overlapped duct joints shall extend in the direction of airflow. Clothes
dryer transition ducts used to connect the appliance to the exhaust duct
system shall be limited to single lengths not to exceed 8 feet (2438 mm)
and shall be listed and labeled for the application. Transition ducts
shall not be concealed within construction.
504.6.1 Maximum length. The maximum length of a clothes dryer exhaust
duct shall not exceed 25 feet (7620 mm) from the dryer location to the
outlet terminal. The maximum length of duct shall be reduced 2 1/2 feet
(762 mm) for each 45-degree (0.79 rad) bend and 5 feet (1524 mm) for
each 90-degree (1.6 rad) bend. The maximum length of the exhaust duct
does not include the transition duct.
Exception: Where the make and model of the clothes dryer to be
installed is known and the manufacturer's installation instructions for
such dryer are provided, the maximum length of the exhaust duct,
including any transition duct, shall be permitted to be in accordance
with the dryer manufacturer's installation instructions.
504.6.2 Rough-in required. Where a compartment or space for a domestic
clothes dryer is provided, an exhaust duct system shall be installed in
accordance with Sections 504.6 and 504.6.1.
504.7 Commercial clothes dryers. The installation of dryer exhaust
ducts serving Type 2 clothes dryers shall comply with the appliance
manufacturer's installation instructions. Exhaust fan motors installed
in exhaust systems shall be located outside of the airstream. In
multiple installations, the fan shall operate continuously or be
interlocked to operate when any individual until is operating. Ducts
shall have a minimum clearance of 6 inches (152 mm) to combustible
materials. Clothes dryer transition ducts used to connect the appliance
to the exhaust duct system shall be limited to single lengths not to
exceed 8 feet (2438 mm) in length and shall be listed and labeled for
the application. Transition ducts shall not be concealed within
construction.
SECTION MC 505
DOMESTIC KITCHEN EQUIPMENT EXHAUST
505.1 Domestic systems. Where domestic range hoods and domestic
appliances equipped with downdraft exhaust are located within dwelling
units, such hoods and appliances shall discharge to the outdoors through
ducts constructed of galvanized steel, stainless steel, aluminum or
copper. Such ducts shall have soothe inner walls and shall be air tight
and equipped with a backdraft damper. Such exhaust system shall be
installed i strict compliance with the manufacturer's recommendations as
well as the requirements of the listing.
Exceptions:
1. Where installed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions
and where mechanical or natural ventilation is otherwise provided in
accordance with Chapter 4, listed and labeled ductless range hoods shall
not be required to discharge to the outdoors.
2. Ducts for domestic kitchen cooking appliances equipped with
downdraft exhaust systems shall be permitted to be constructed of
Schedule 40 PVC pipe provided that the installation complies with all of
the following:
2.1. The duct shall be installed under a concrete slab pure on grade.
2.2. The underfloor trench in which the duct is installed shall be
completely backfilled with sand or gravel.
2.3. The PVC duct shall extend not greater than 1 inch (25 mm) above
the indoor concrete floor surface.
2.4. the PVC duct shall extend not greater than 1 inch (25 mm) above
grade outside of the building.
2.5. The PVC ducts shall be solvent cemented.
SECTION MC 506
COMMERCIAL KITCHEN HOOD VENTILATION
SYSTEM DUCTS AND EXHAUST EQUIPMENT
506.1 General. Commercial kitchen hood ventilation ducts and exhaust
equipment shall comply with the requirements of this section. Commercial
kitchen grease ducts shall be designed for the type of cooking appliance
and hood served. All ducts shall lead directly to the exterior of the
building and terminate as required by 506.3.12.
506.2 Corrosion protection. Ducts exposed to the outside atmosphere or
subject to a corrosive environment shall be protected against corrosion
in an approved manner.
1. The exterior portion of the ductwork shall be vertical wherever
possible and shall be installed and adequately supported on the exterior
of a building. Bolts, screws, rivets, and other mechanical fasteners
shall not penetrate duct walls. Clearance of any vertical or horizontal
ducts to any other material or construction shall comply with Section
506.3.6. and to any additional clearance requirements as may be
applicable in accordance with Section 506.5.4.
2. All exterior ducts shall be constructed of stainless steel not less
than 0.043 inch (1.09 mm) (No. 18 Gage) in thickness. At the base of
each duct and at its termination point a clearly identifiable permanent
sign shall be installed identifying the facility from which the duct
originates.
1. No portion of and exterior metal duct shall be nearer than 24
inches (610 mm) to any door or window or to any exit, or located where
it would be readily accessible to the public, unless it is insulated or
shielded to avoid injury to any person coming in contact with the duct.
Exception: Listed and labeled factory-built commercial kitchen grease
ducts may be used when installed in accordance with Section 304.1.
506.3 Ducts serving Type I hoods. Type I exhaust ducts shall be
independent of all other exhaust systems except as provided in Section
506.3.5. commercial kitchen duct systems serving Type I hoods shall be
designed, constructed and installed in accordance with Sections 506.3.1
through 506.3.12.3.
506.3.1 Duct materials. Ducts serving Type I hoods shall be
constructed of materials in accordance with Sections 506.3.1.1 and
506.3.1.2.
506.3.1.1 Grease duct materials. Grease ducts serving Type I hoods,
and located within buildings, shall be constructed as follows:
1. Ducts with a cross-sectional area up to and including 155 square
inches (100 000 mm{2}) shall be constructed of 0.0598 inch (1.52 mm) No.
16 Gage steel;
2. Ducts with across-sectional area over 155 square inches (100 000
mm{2}), but not more than 200 square inches (0.129m{2}) shall be
constructed of 0.074 inch (1.9 mm) No. 14 gage steel; and
3. Ducts with a cross-sectional area equal to or more than 200 square
inches (0.129m{2}), shall be constructed of 0.1046 inch (2.66 mm) No. 12
Gage steel.
If stainless steel is used for ducts of any of the cross-sectional
areas shown above, the Gage steel may be increased upwards (resulting in
a smaller thickness) by 1 Gage.
Exception: Listed and labeled factory-built commercial kitchen grease
ducts shall be installed in accordance with Section 304.1, and as
approved by the commercial.
506.3.1.2 Makeup air ducts. Make up air ducts connecting to or within
18 inches (457 mm) of a Type I hood shall be constructed and installed
in accordance with Sections 603.1, 603.3, 603.4, 603.9, 603.10, and
603.12. Duct insulation installed within 18 inches (457 mm) of a Type I
hood shall be noncombustible or shall be listed for the application.
506.3.2 Joints, seams and penetrations of grease ducts. Joints, seams
and penetrations of grease ducts shall be made with a continuous
liquid-tight weld or braze made on the external surface of the duct
system.
Exceptions:
1. Penetrations shall not be required to be welded or brazed where
sealed by devices that are listed for the application.
2. Internal welding or brazing shall not be prohibited provided that
the joint is formed or ground smooth and is provided with ready access
for inspection.
3. Listed and labeled factory-built commercial kitchen grease ducts
installed in accordance with Section 304.1.
506.3.2.1 Duct joint types. Duct joints shall be butt joints or
overlapping duct joints of either the telescoping or bell type.
Overlapping joints shall be installed to prevent ledges and obstructions
from collecting grease or interfering with gravity drainage to the
intended collection point. The difference between the inside
cross-sectional dimensions of overlapping sections of duct shall not
exceed 0.25 inch (6mm). The length of overlap for overlapping duct
joints shall not exceed 2 inches (51 mm).
506.3.2.2 Duct-to-hood joints. Duct-to-hood joints shall be made with
continuous internal or external liquid-tight welded or brazed joints.
Such joints shall be smooth, accessible for inspection, and without
grease traps.
Exceptions: This section shall not apply to:
1. A vertical duct-to-hood collar connection made in the tip plane of
the hood in accordance with all of the following:
1.1. The hood duct opening shall have a 1-inch-deep (25 mm), full
perimeter, welded flange turned down into the hood interior at an angle
of 90 degrees from the plane of the opening.
1.2. The duct shall have a 1-inch-deep (25 mm) flange made by a 1-inch
by 1-inch (25 mm by 25 mm) angle iron welded to the full perimeter of
the duct not less than 1 inch (25 mm) above the bottom end of the duct.
1.3. A gasket rated for use at not less than 1,500°F (815°C) is
installed between the duct flange and the top of the hood.
1.4. The duct-to-hood joint shall be secured by stud bolts not less
than 0.25 inch (6.4 mm) in diameter welded to the hood with a spacing
not greater than 4 inches (102 mm) on center for the full perimeter of
the opening. All bolts and nuts are to be secured with lockwashers.
2. Listed and labeled duct-to-hood collar connections installed in
accordance with Section 304.1.
506.3.2.3 Duct-to-exhaust fan connections. Duct-to-exhaust fan
connections shall be flanged and gasketed at the base of the fan for
vertical discharge fans; shall be flanged, gasketed and bolted to the
inlet of the fan for side-inlet utility fans; and shall be flanged,
gasketed and bolted to the inlet and outlet of the fan for in-line fans.
Approved flexible connectors may be provided.
506.3.2.4 Vibration isolation.A vibration isolation connector for
connecting a duct to a fan shall consist of noncombustible packing in a
metal sleeve joint of approved design or shall be a coated-fabric
flexible duct connector listed and labeled for the application.
Vibration isolation connectors shall be installed only at the connection
of a duct to a fan inlet or outlet.
506.3.3 Grease duct supports. Grease duct bracing and supports shall b
of noncombustible material securely attached to the structure and
designed to carry gravity and seismic loads within the stress
limitations of the New York City building code. Bolts, screws, rivets
and other mechanical fasteners shall not penetrate duct walls.
506.3.4 Air velocity. Grease duct systems serving a Type I hood shall
be designed and installed to provide an air velocity within the duct
system of not less than 500 feet per minute (2.54 m/s).
Exception: The velocity limitations shall not apply within duct
transitions utilized to connect ducts to differently sized or shaped
openings in hoods and fans, provided that such transitions do not exceed
3 feet (914 mm) in length and are designed to prevent the trapping of
grease.
506.3.5 Separation of grease duct system. A separate grease duct
system shall be provided for each Type I hood.
Exceptions:
1. A separate grease duct system is not required where all of the
following conditions are met:
1.1. All interconnected hoods are located within the same story,
provided that they are part of the same facility and under the control
of one owner or tenant.
1.2. All interconnected hoods are located within the same room or in
adjoining rooms, provided that they are part of the same facility and
under the control of one owner or tenant.
1.3. Interconnecting ducts do not penetrate assemblies required to be
fire-resistance rated.
1.4. The grease duct system does not serve solid fuel-fired
appliances.
2. Branch ducts from other equipment in the same kitchen area, for
which hoods and filters are not required or from registers exhausting
the kitchen space in general, may be connected to the main hood exhaust
duct if the following requirements are complied with:
2.1. A fusible link fire damper of the same gage as the hood exhaust
duct shall be added at the point of connection of the branch duct to the
exhaust duct.
2.2. If the branch connection is made to the portion of the ductwork
that will contain the fire extinguishing medium, then the fire dampers
required in Exception Item 2.1 shall be arranged to close automatically
upon the operation of the fire extinguishing system.
2.3 The branch connection shall be made in either the top or sides of
the main duct in a manner to prevent grease from flowing into the branch
duct.
2.4. The branch ducts shall be constructed of steel, aluminum, or
copper of the gages and weights required in Chapter 6, and they shall be
insulated with 2 inches (51 mm) of magnesia or other material having
equivalent insulative and fire resistance qualities.
2.5. All registers in these branches shall have fusible link actuated
dampers.
2.6. Where branch ductwork is to be used to exhaust vapors from
dishwashers, pot sinks, or other similar equipment of a commercial type
from which moisture is emitted, copper or aluminum of the minimum gage
and weights required in Chapter 6 shall be used. Such ductwork shall be
installed so that condensate cannot leak from it.
506.3.6 Grease duct clearances. Grease duct systems and exhaust
equipment serving a Type I hood shall have a clearance to combustible
construction of not less than 18 inches (457 mm), and shall have a
clearance to noncombustible construction and gypsum wallboard attached
to noncombustible structures of not less than 3 inches (76 mm).
Exceptions:
1. Listed and labeled factory-built commercial kitchen grease ducts
and exhaust equipment installed in accordance with Section 304.1 and the
manufacturer's instructions, and as approved by the commissioner.
2. Protected with a minimum insulation covering of 2 inches (51 mm) of
magnesium or calcium silicate block, with staggered joints, attached
with galvanized steel wire or material assembly equivalent in insulating
and fire resistant qualities which can not be penetrated by grease,
shall be applied to all ducts inside of the building as approved by the
commissioner.
506.3.7 Prevention of grease accumulation in grease ducts. Duct
systems serving a Type I hood shall be constructed and installed so that
grease cannot collect in any portion thereof, and the system shall slope
not less than one-forth unit vertical in 12 units horizontal (2-percent
slope) toward the hood or toward an approved grease reservoir. Where
horizontal ducts exceed 75 feet (22 860 mm) in length, the slope shall
not be less than one unit vertical in 12 units horizontal (8.3-percent
slope). Dampers shall not be installed in the grease duct systems,
except as required by Section 506.3.5 Exception Item 2.
506.3.7.1 Residue trap. A residue trap shall be provided at the base
of each vertical riser with provision for cleanout in accordance with
NFPA 96.
506.3.8 Grease duct cleanouts and other openings. Grease duct systems
shall not have openings therein other than those required for proper
operation and maintenance of the system. Any portion of such system
having sections not provided with access from the duct entry or
discharge shall be provided with cleanout openings. Cleanout openings
shall be provided at every change in direction, within 3 feet (914 mm)
of the exhaust fan, and as required under Section 506.3.9. Cleanout
openings shall be equipped with tight-fitting doors constructed of steel
having a thickness not less than that required for the duct. Doors shall
be equipped with a substantial method of latching, sufficient to hold
the door tightly closed. Doors shall be designed so that they are
operable without the use of a tool. Door assemblies shall have a gasket
or sealant that is noncombustible and liquid tight, and shall not have
fasteners that penetrate the duct. Listed and labeled access door
assemblies shall be installed in accordance with the terms of the
listing. Signage shall be provided at all required access doors and
openings in accordance with Section 506.3.11.
506.3.8.1 Personnel entry. Where ductwork is large enough to allow
entry of personnel, not less than one approved or listed opening having
dimensions not less than 20 inches by 20 inches (508 mm by 508 mm) shall
be provided in the horizontal sections, and in the top of vertical
risers. Where such entry is provided, the duct and its supports shall be
capable of supporting the additional load and the cleanouts specified in
Section 506.3.8 are not required. Where personnel entry is not possible,
access for cleaning interior vertical ducts shall be provided on each
floor, and for cleaning the base of the vertical riser.
506.3.9 Grease duct horizontal cleanouts. Cleanouts located on
horizontal sections of ducts shall be spaced not more than 20 feet (6096
mm) apart, unless the opening prescribed by Section 506.3.8.1 is not
possible, in which case openings large enough to permit thorough
cleaning shall be provided at 12 feet (3658 mm) intervals. The cleanouts
shall be located on the side of the duct with the opening not less than
1.5 inches (38 mm) above the bottom of the duct, and not less than 1
inch (25 mm) below the top of the duct. The opening minimum dimensions
shall be 12 inches (305 mm) on each side. Where the dimensions of the
side of the duct prohibit the cleanout installation prescribed herein,
the openings shall be on the top of the duct or th bottom of the duct.
Where located on the top of the duct, the opening edges shall be a
minimum of 1 inch (25 mm) from the edges of the duct. Where located in
the bottom of the duct, cleanout openings shall be designed to provide
internal damming around the opening, shall be provided with gasketing to
preclude grease leakage, shall provide for drainage of grease down the
duct around the dam, and shall be approved for the application. Where
the dimensions of the sides, top or bottom of the duct preclude the
installation of the prescribed minimum-size cleanout opening, the
cleanout shall be located on the duct face that affords the largest
opening dimension and shall be installed with the opening edges at the
prescribed distances from the duct edges as previously set forth in this
section.
506.3.10 Grease duct enclosure. A grease duct serving a Type I hood
that penetrates a ceiling, wall or floor shall be enclosed from the
first point of penetration to the outlet terminal. A duct shall
penetrate exterior walls only at locations where unprotected openings
are permitted by the New York City Building Code. Ducts shall be
enclosed in accordance with the New York City Building Code requirements
for shaft construction. The duct enclosure shall be sealed around the
duct at the point of penetration and vented to the outside of the
building through the use of weather-protected openings. Clearance from
the duct to the interior surface of enclosures of combustible
construction shall be not less than 18 inches (457 mm). Clearance from
the duct to the interior surface of enclosures of noncombustible
construction or gypsum wallboard attached to noncombustible structures
shall be not less than 6 inches (152 mm). The duct enclosure shall serve
a single grease exhaust duct system and shall not contain any other
ducts, piping, wiring or systems.
Exceptions:
1. The shaft enclosure provisions of this sections shall not be
required where a duct penetration is protected with a
through-penetration firestop system classified in accordance with ASTM E
814 and having an .F. and .T. rating equal to the fire-resistance rating
of the assembly being penetrated and where the surface of the duct is
continuously covered on all sides from the point at which the duct
penetrates a ceiling, wall or floor to the outlet terminal with a
classified and labeled material, system, method of construction or
product specifically evaluated for such purpose, which material, system,
method of construction or product is approved by the commissioner and
installed according to the manufacturer's instructions. Exposed duct
wrap systems shall be protected where subject to physical damage.
2. As an alternative to Exception Item 1 of this section, a minimum
insulation covering of 2 inches (51 mm) of magnesium or calcium silicate
block, with staggered joints, attached with galvanized steel wire or
material assembly equivalent in insulating and fire resistant qualities
which can not be penetrated by grease, and as approved by the
commissioner, shall be applied to all ducts inside of the building.
3. A duct enclosure shall not be required for a grease duct that
penetrates only a nonfire-resistance-rated roof/ceiling assembly.
4. A listed and labeled factory-built commercial kitchen grease duct
system, evaluated as an enclosure system for reduced clearances to
combustibles, and approved by the commissioner and installed according
to manufacturer's instructions.
506.3.11 Grease duct fire-resistive access opening. Where cleanout
openings are located in ducts within a fire-resistance-rated enclosure,
access openings shall be provided in the enclosure at each cleanout
point. Access openings hall be equipped with tight-fitting sliding or
hinged doors that are equal in fire-resistive protection to that of the
shaft or enclosure. An approved sign shall be placed on access opening
panels with wording as follows: "ACCESS PANEL. DO NOT OBSTRUCT."
Cleanout openings provided in ducts that are not located within a fire
resistance-rated enclosure shall be provided with signage at the
required opening that contains the same wording.
506.3.12 Exhaust outlets serving Type I hoods. Exhaust outlets for
grease ducts serving Type I hoods shall conform to the requirements of
Sections 506.3.12.1 through 506.3.12.3.
506.3.12.1 Termination above the roof. Exhaust outlets that terminate
above the roof shall have the discharge opening located not less than 40
inches (1016 mm) above the roof surface. The exhaust flow shall be
directed away from the surface of the roof.
506.3.12.2 Termination through an exterior wall. Exhaust outlets shall
be permitted to terminate through exterior walls where the smoke,
grease, gases, vapors, and odors in the discharge from such terminations
do not create a public nuisance or a fire hazard. Such terminations
shall not be located where protected openings are required by the New
York City Building Code. Other openings shall not be located within 3
feet (914 mm) of such terminations.
506.3.12.3 Termination location. Exhaust outlets shall be located not
less than 10 feet (3048 mm) horizontally from parts of the same or
contiguous buildings, adjacent property lines and air intake openings
into any building and shall be located not less than 10 feet (3048 mm)
above the adjoining grade level.
Exception: Exception: Exhaust outlets shall terminate not less than 5
feet (1524 mm) from an adjacent building, adjacent property line and air
intake openings into a building where air from the exhaust outlet
discharges away from such locations.
506.4 Ducts serving Type II hoods. Single or combined Type II exhaust
systems for food-processing operations shall be independent of all other
exhaust systems. Commercial kitchen exhaust systems serving Type II
hoods shall comply with Sections 506.4.1 and 506.4.2.
506.4.1 Type II exhaust outlets. Exhaust outlets for ducts serving
Type II hoods shall comply with Sections 401.5 and 401.5.2. Such outlets
shall be protected against local weather conditions and shall meet the
provisions for exterior wall opening protectives in accordance with the
New York City Building Code.
506.4.2 Ducts. Ducts and plenums serving Type II hoods shall be
constructed of rigid metallic materials. Duct construction,
installation, bracing and supports shall comply with Chapter 6. Ducts
subject to positive pressure and ducts conveying moisture-laden or
waste-heat-laden air shall be constructed, joined and sealed in an
approved manner.
506.4.2.1 Cooking spaces. For all buildings other than those
classified as residential occupancy, a minimum of No. 16 Gage for
galvanized sheet duct shall be used for nongrease duct exhaust
applications.
506.5 Exhaust equipment. Exhaust equipment, including fans and grease
reservoirs, shall comply with Section 506.5.1 through 506.5.5 and shall
be of an approved design or shall be listed for the application.
506.5.1 Exhaust fans. Exhaust fan housings serving a Type I hood shall
be constructed as required for grease ducts in accordance with Section
506.3.1.1.
Exception: Fans listed and labeled in accordance with UL 762.
506.5.1.1 Fan motor. Exhaust fan motors shall be located outside of
the exhaust airstream.
506.5.2 Exhaust fan discharge. Exhaust fans shall be positioned so
that the discharge will not impinge on the roof, other equipment or
appliances or parts of the structure. A vertical discharge fan serving a
Type I hood shall be manufactured with an approved drain outlet at the
lowest point of the housing to permit drainage of grease to an approved
grease reservoir.
506.5.3 Exhaust fan mounting. An upblast fan shall be hinged and
supplied with a flexible weatherproof electrical cable to permit
inspection and cleaning. The ductwork shall extend a minimum of 18
inches (457 mm) above the roof surface.
506.5.4 Clearances. Exhaust equipment serving a Type I hood shall have
a clearance to combustible construction of not less than 18 inches (457
mm).
Exception: Factory-built exhaust equipment installed in accordance
with Section 304.1 and listed for a lesser clearance.
506.5.5 Termination location. The outlet of exhaust equipment serving
Type I hoods, shall be in accordance with Section 506.3.12.3.
Exception: The minimum horizontal distance between vertical discharge
fans and parapet-type building structures shall be 2 feet (610 mm)
provided that such structures are not higher than the top of the fan
discharge opening.
506.5.6 Exhaust fan operation. The operation of the exhaust fan shall
be in accordance with the following requirements:
1. The hood exhaust fan(s) shall continue to operate after the
exhausting system has been activated unless fan shutdown is required by
a listed component of the ventilation system or by the design of the
extinguishing system.
2. The hood exhaust fan shall not be required to start automatically
upon activation of the extinguishing system if the exhaust fan and all
cooking equipment served by the fan have previously been shut down.
3. The cooking appliances shall be interlocked with the exhaust hood
system to prevent appliance operation when the exhaust hood system is
not operating.
506.6 Exterior duct installations. The installation of exterior ducts
shall comply with the following requirements:
1. The exterior portion of the ductwork shall be vertical wherever
possible and shall be installed and supported on the exterior of a
building.
2. Bolts, screws, rivets, and other mechanical fasteners shall not
penetrate duct walls.
3. Clearance of any ducts shall comply with Section 506.3.6.
4. All ducts shall be protected on the exterior by paint or other
suitable weather-protective coating.
5. Ducts constructed of stainless steel shall not be required to have
additional paint or weather-protective coatings.
6. Ductwork subject to corrosion shall have minimal contact with the
building surface.
506.7 Identification of ducts. All duct systems serving Type I and
Type II exhaust equipment shall be permanently labeled: "CAUTION:
KITCHEN EXHAUST SYSTEM".
506.8 Types I and II hoods. All exhaust ducts serving Type I or Type
II hoods shall have a minimum insulation covering of 2 inches (51 mml of
magnesium or calcium silicate block, attached with galvanized steel wire
or construction equivalent in insulating and fire resistance qualities,
and shall be applied to all ducts inside of the building. The insulation
shall be applied up to the outer face of the discharge from the building
and shall also be applied to the housing of the exhaust fan when it is
located inside of the building. Care shall be taken to insure that the
insulation extends through the walls and roofs to separate the ducts
from the building construction. Masonry or concrete ducts shall not
require insulation.
SECTION MC 507
COMMERCIAL KITCHEN HOODS
507.1 General. Commercial kitchen exhaust hoods shall comply with the
requirements of this section. Hoods shall be Type I or Type II and shall
be designed to capture and confine cooking vapors and residues.
Exceptions:
1. Factory-built commercial exhaust hoods which are tested in
accordance with UL 710, listed, labeled and installed in accordance with
Section 304.1 shall not be required to comply with Sections 507.4,
507.7, 507.11, 507.12, 507.13, 507.14 and 507.15.
2. Net exhaust volumes for hoods shall be permitted to be reduced
during no-load cooking conditions, where engineered or listed multispeed
or variable-speed controls automatically operate the exhaust system to
maintain capture and removal of cooking effluents as required by this
section.
507.2 Where required. A Type I or Type II hood shall be installed at
or above all commercial cooking appliances in accordance with Sections
507.2.1 and 507.2.2. Where any cooking appliance under a single hood
requires a Type I hood, a Type I hood shall be installed. Where a Type
II hood is required, a Type I or Type II hood shall be installed.
507.2.1 Type I hoods. Type I hoods shall be installed where cooking
appliances produce grease or smoke, such as occurs with griddles,
fryers, broilers, ovens, ranges and wok ranges.
507.2.2 Type II hoods. Type II hoods shall be installed where cooking
or dishwashing appliances produce heat or steam and do not produce
grease or smoke, such as steamers, kettles, pasta cookers and
dishwashing machines.
Exceptions:
1. Under-counter-type commercial dishwashing machines.
2. A Type II hood is not required for dishwashers and potwashers that
are provided with heat and water vapor exhaust systems that are supplied
by the appliance manufacturer and are installed in accordance with the
manufacturer's instructions.
507.2.3 Domestic cooking appliances used for commercial purposes.
Domestic cooking appliances utilized for commercial purposes shall be
provided with Type I or Type II hoods as required for the type of
appliances and processes in accordance with Sections 507.2, 507.2.1 and
507.2.2.
507.2.4 Solid fuel. Type I hoods for use over solid fuel-burning
cooking appliances shall discharge to an exhaust system that is
independent of other exhaust systems.
507.3 Fuel-burning appliances. Where vented fuel-burning appliances
are located in the same room or space as the hood, provisions shall be
made to prevent the hood system from interfering with normal operation
of the appliance vents.
507.4 Type I materials. Type I hoods shall be constructed of steel not
less than 0.043 inch (1.09 mm) (No. 18 MSG) in thickness, or stainless
steel not less than 0.037 inch (0.94 mm) (No. 20 MSG) in thickness.
507.5 Type II hood materials. Type II hoods shall be constructed of
steel not less than 0.030 inch (0.76 mm) (No. 22 Gage) in thickness,
stainless steel not less than 0.024 inch (0.61 mrn) (No. 24 Gage) in
thickness, copper sheets weighing not less than 24 ounces per square
foot (7.3 kg/m{2}), or of other approved material and gage.
507.6 Supports. Type I hoods shall be secured in place by
noncombustible supports. All Type I and Type II hood supports shall be
adequate for the applied load of the hood, the unsupported ductwork, the
effluent loading, and the possible weight of personnel working in or on
the hood.
507.7 Hood joints, seams and penetrations. Hood joints, seams and
penetrations shall comply with Sections 507.7.1 and 507.7.2.
507.7.1 Type I hoods. External hood joints, seams and penetrations for
Type I hoods shall be made with a continuous external liquid-tight weld
or braze to the lowest outermost perimeter of the hood. Internal hood
joints, seams, penetrations, filter support frames, and other appendages
attached inside the hood shall not be required to be welded or brazed
but shall be otherwise sealed to be grease tight.
Exceptions:
1. Penetrations shall not be required to be welded or brazed where
sealed by devices that are listed for the application.
2. Internal welding or brazing of seams, joints, and penetrations of
the hood shall not be prohibited provided that the joint is fowled
smooth or ground so as to not trap grease, and is readily cleanable.
507.7.2 Type II hoods. Joints, seams and penetrations for Type II
hoods shall be constructed as set forth in Chapter 6, shall be sealed on
the interior of the hood and shall provide a smooth surface that is
readily cleanable and water tight.
507.8 Cleaning and grease gutters. A hood shall be designed to provide
for thorough cleaning of the entire hood. Grease glitters shall drain to
an approved collection receptacle that is fabricated, designed and
installed to allow access for cleaning.
507.9 Clearances for Type I hood. A Type I hood shall be installed
with a clearance to combustibles of not less than 18 inches (457 rum).
Exception: Clearance shall not be required from gypsum wallboard
attached to noncombustible structures provided that a smooth, cleanable,
nonabsorbent and noncombustible material is installed between the hood
and the gypsum wallboard over an area extending not less than 18 inches
(457 mm) in all directions from the hood.
507.10 Hoods A penetrating a ceiling. Type I hoods or portions thereof
penetrating a ceiling, wall or furred space shall comply with all the
requirements of Section 506.3.10.
507.11 Grease filters. Type I hoods shall be equipped with UL 1046
listed grease filters designed for the specific purpose.
Grease-collecting equipment shall be provided with access for cleaning.
The lowest edge of a grease filter located above the cooking surface
shall be not less than the height specified in Table 507.11.
TABLE 507.11
MINIMUM DISTANCE BETWEEN THE LOWEST EDGE OF A
GREASE FILTER AND THE COOKING SURFACE OR THE HEATING SURFACE
TYPE OF COOKING HEIGHT OF COOKING
APPLIANCE SURFACE(feet)
Without exposed flame 0.5
Exposed flame and burners 2
Exposed charcoal and charbroil
type 4
For SI: 1 foot = 304.8 mm.
507.11.1 Criteria. Filters shall be of such size, type and arrangement
as will permit the required quantity of air to pass through such units
at rates not exceeding those for which the filter or unit was designed
or approved. Filter units shall be installed in frames or holders so as
to be readily removable without the use of separate tools, unless
designed and installed to be cleaned in place and the system is equipped
for such cleaning in place. Removable filter units shall be of a size
that will allow them to be cleaned in a dishwashing machine or pot sink.
Filter units shall be arranged in place or provided with
drip-intercepting devices to prevent grease or other condensate from
dripping into food or on food preparation surfaces.
507.11.2 Mounting position. Filters shall be installed at an angle of
not less than 45 degrees (0.79 rad) from the horizontal and shall be
equipped with a drip tray beneath the lower edge of the filters.
507.11.3 Filter servicing. Filters shall be serviced and replaced
regularly by qualified employees of the owner or by a cleaning agency. A
record indicating the name of the person or firm doing the servicing and
the dates when filters were cleaned or replaced shall be available for
inspection by the commissioner. They shall be cleaned or replaced as
frequently as necessary, but at least every three months, and no exhaust
system shall be operated while cooking is being carried on without the
filters installed in place.
507.12 Canopy size and location. The inside lower edge of canopy-type
commercial cooking hoods shall overhang or extend a horizontal distance
of not less than 6 inches (152 mm) beyond the edge of the cooking
surface, on all open sides. The vertical distance between the front
lower lip of the hood and the cooking surface shall not exceed 4 feet
(1219 mm).
Exception: The hood shall be permitted to be flush with the outer edge
of the cooking surface where the hood is closed to the appliance side by
a noncombustible wall or panel.
507.13 Capacity of hoods. Commercial food service hoods shall exhaust
a minimum net quantity of air determined in accordance with this section
and Sections 507.13.1 through 507.13.4. The net quantity of exhaust air
shall be calculated by subtracting any airflow supplied directly to a
hood cavity from the total exhaust flow rate of a hood. Where any
combination of extra-heavy-duty, heavy-duty, medium-duty, and light-duty
cooking appliances are utilized under a single hood, the highest exhaust
rate required by this section shall be used for the entire hood.
507.13.1 Extra-heavy-duty cooking appliances. The minimum net airflow
for Type I hoods used for extra-heavy-duty cooking appliances shall be
determined as follows:
Type of Hood CFM Per linear foot of hood
Wall-mounted canopy 550
Single island canopy 700
Double island canopy (per side) 550
Backshelf/pass-over Not allowed
Eyebrow Not allowed
For SI: 1 cfm per linear foot = 1.55 L/s per linear meter.
507.13.2 Heavy-duty cooking appliances. The minimum net airflow for
Type I hoods used for heavy-duty cooking appliances shall be determined
as follows:
Type of Hood CFM per linear foot of hood
Wall-mounted canopy 400
Single island canopy 600
Double island canopy (per side) 400
Backshelf/pass-over 400
Eyebrow Not allowed
For SI: 1 cfm pr linear foot = 1.55 L/s per linear meter.
507.13.3 Medium-duty cooking appliances. The minimum net airflow for
Type I hoods used for medium-duty cooking appliances shall be determined
as follows:
Type of Hood CFM per linear foot of hood
Wall-mounted canopy 300
Single island canopy 500
Double island canopy (per side) 300
Backshelf/pass-over 300
Eyebrow 250
For SI: 1 cfm per linear foot = 1.55 L/s per linear meter.
507.13.4 Light-duty cooking appliances. The minimum net airflow for
Type I hoods used for light duty cooking appliances and food service
preparation and cooking operations approved for use under a Type II hood
shall be determined as follows:
Type of Hood CFM per linear foot of hood
Wall-mounted canopy 200
Single island canopy 400
Double island canopy (per side) 250
Backshelf/pass-over 250
Eyebrow 250
For SI: 1 cfm per linear foot = 1.55 L/s per linear meter.
507.14 Noncanopy size and location. Noncanopy-type hoods shall be
located a maximum of 3 feet (914 mm) above the cooking surface. The edge
of the hood shall be set back a maximum of 1 foot (305 mm) from the edge
of the cooking surface.
507.15 Exhaust outlets. Exhaust outlets located within the hood shall
be located so as to optimize the capture of particulate matter. Each
outlet shall serve not more than a 12-foot (3658 mm) section of hood.
507.16 Performance test. A performance test shall be conducted upon
completion and witnessed by a representative of the Fire Department
before final approval of the installation of a ventilation system
serving commercial cooking appliances. The test shall verify the rate of
exhaust airflow required by Section 507.13, makeup airflow required by
Section 508, and proper operation as specified in this chapter. The
permit holder shall furnish the necessary test equipment and devices
required to perform the tests.
SECTION MC 508
COMMERCIAL KITCHEN MAKEUP AIR
508.1 Makeup air. Makeup air shall be supplied during the operation of
commercial kitchen exhaust systems that are provided for commercial
cooking appliances. The amount of makeup air supplied shall be
approximately equal to the amount of exhaust air. The makeup air shall
not reduce the effectiveness of the exhaust system. Makeup air shall be
provided by gravity or mechanical means or both. For mechanical makeup
air systems, the exhaust and makeup air systems shall be electrically
interlocked to ensure that makeup air is provided whenever the exhaust
system is in operation. Makeup air intake opening locations shall comply
with Sections 401.5 and 401.5.1.
508.1.1 Makeup air temperature. The temperature differential between
makeup air and the air in the conditioned space shall not exceed 10°F
(6°C).
Exceptions:
1. Makeup air that is part of the air-conditioning system.
2. Makeup air that does not increase the comfort conditions of the
occupied space.
508.2 Compensating hoods. Manufacturers of compensating hoods shall
provide a label indicating minimum exhaust flow and/or maximum makeup
airflow that provides capture and containment of the exhaust effluent.
SECTION MC 509
FIRE SUPPRESSION SYSTEMS
509.1 Where required. Commercial cooking appliances required by Section
507.2.1 to have a Type I hood shall be provided with an approved
automatic fire suppression system complying with the New York City
Building Code and the New York City Fire Code.
SECTION MC 510
HAZARDOUS EXHAUST SYSTEMS
510.1 General. This section shall govern the design and construction of
duct systems for hazardous exhaust and shall determine where such
systems are required. Hazardous exhaust systems are systems designed to
capture and control hazardous emissions generated from product handling
or processes, and convey those emissions to the outdoors. Hazardous
emissions include flammable vapors, gases, fumes, mists or dusts, and
volatile or air-borne materials, including but not limited to
perchloroethylene, posing a health hazard, such as toxic or corrosive
materials. For the purposes of this section, the health hazard rating of
materials shall be specified in NFPA 704.
510.2 Where required. A hazardous exhaust system shall be required
wherever operations involving the handling or processing of hazardous
materials, in the absence of such exhaust systems and under normal
operating conditions, have the potential to create one of the following
conditions.
1. A flammable vapor, gas, fume, mist or dust is present in
concentrations exceeding 25 percent of the lower flammability limit of
the substance for the expected room temperature.
2. A vapor, gas, fume, mist or dust with a health-hazard rating of 4
is present in any concentration.
3. A vapor, gas, fume, mist or dust with a health-hazard rating of 1,
2 or 3 is present in concentrations exceeding 1 percent of the median
lethal concentration of the substance for acute inhalation toxicity.
510.2.1 Lumber yards and woodworking facilities. Equipment or
machinery located inside buildings at lumber yards and woodworking
facilities which generates or emits combustible dust shall be provided
with an approved dust-collection and exhaust system installed in
conformance with this section and the New York City Fire Code. Equipment
and systems that are used to collect, process or convey combustible
dusts shall be provided with an approved explosion-control system.
510.2.2 Combustible fibers. Equipment or machinery within a building
which generates or emits combustible fibers shall be provided with an
approved dust-collecting and exhaust system. Such systems shall comply
with this code and the New York City Fire Code.
510.3 Design and operation. The design and operation of the exhaust
system shall be such that flammable contaminants are diluted in
noncontaminated air to maintain concentrations in the exhaust flow below
25 percent of the contaminant's lower flammability limit.
510.4 Independent system. Hazardous exhaust systems shall be
independent of other types of exhaust systems. Incompatible materials,
as defined in the New York City Fire Code, shall not be exhausted
through the same hazardous exhaust system. Hazardous exhaust systems
shall not share common shafts with other duct systems, except where such
systems are hazardous exhaust systems originating in the same fire area.
Contaminated air shall not be recirculated to occupied areas unless
the contaminants have been removed. Air contaminated with explosive or
flammable vapors, fumes or dusts; flammable or toxic gases; or
radioactive material shall not be recirculated.
510.5 Design. Systems for removal of vapors, gases and smoke shall be
designed by the constant velocity or equal friction methods. Systems
conveying particulate matter shall be designed employing the constant
velocity method.
510.5.1 Balancing. Systems conveying explosive or radioactive
materials shall be prebalanced by duct sizing. Other systems shall be
balanced by duct sizing with balancing devices, such as dampers. Dampers
provide to balance air-flow shall be provided with securely fixed
minimum-position blocking devices to prevent restricting flow below the
required volume or velocity.
510.5.2 Emission control. The design of the system shall be such that
the emissions are confined to the area in which they are generated by
air currents, hoods or enclosures and shall be exhausted by a duct
system to a safe location or treated by removing contaminants.
510.5.3 Hoods required. Hoods or enclosures shall be used where
contaminants originate in a limited area of a space. The design of the
hood or enclosure shall be such that air currents created by the exhaust
systems will capture the contaminants and transport them directly to the
exhaust duct.
510.5.4 Contaminant capture and dilution. The velocity and circulation
of air in work areas shall be such that contaminants are captured by and
airstream at the area where the emissions are generated and conveyed
into a product-conveying duct system. Contaminated air from work areas
where hazardous contaminates are generated shall be diluted below the
thresholds specified in Section 510.2 with air that does not contain
other hazardous contaminants.
510.5.5 Makeup air. Makeup air shall be provided at a rate
approximately equal to the rate that air is exhausted by the hazardous
exhaust system. Makeup-air intakes shall be located so as to avoid
recirculation of contaminated air.
510.5.6 Clearances. The minimum clearance between hoods and
combustible construction shall be the clearance required by the duct
system.
510.5.7 Ducts. Hazardous exhaust duct systems shall extend directly to
the exterior of the building and shall not extend into or through ducts
and plenums.
510.6 Penetrations. Penetrations of structural elements by a hazardous
exhaust system shall conform to Sections 510.6.1 through 510.6.3.
Exception: Duct penetrations within H-5 occupancies as allowed by the
New York City Building Code.
510.6.1 Floors. Hazardous exhaust systems that penetrate a
floor/ceiling assembly shall be enclosed in a fire-resistance-rated
shaft constructed in accordance with the New York City Building Code.
510.6.2 Wall assemblies. Hazardous exhaust duct systems that penetrate
fire-resistance-rated wall assemblies shall be enclosed in
fire-resistance-rated construction from the first point of penetration
to the outlet terminal, except where the interior of the duct is
equipped with an approved automatic fire suppression system. Ducts shall
be enclosed in accordance with the New York City Building Code
requirements for shaft construction and such enclosure shall have a
minimum fire-resistance-rating of not less than the highest
fire-resistance-rated wall assembly penetrated.
510.6.3 Fire walls. Ducts shall not penetrate a fire wall.
510.7 Suppression required. Ducts shall be protected with an approved
automatic fire suppression system installed in accordance with the New
York City Building Code.
Exceptions:
1. An approved automatic fire suppression system shall not be required
in ducts conveying materials, fumes, mists and vapors that area
nonflammable and noncombustible under all conditions and at any
concentrations.
2. An approved automatic fire suppression system shall not be required
in ducts where the largest cross-sectional diameter of the duct is less
than 10 inches (254 mm).
510.8 Duct construction. Ducts utilized to convey hazardous exhaust
shall be constructed of approved G90 galvanized sheet steel, with a
minimum nominal thickness as specified in Table 510.8.
Nonmetallic ducts utilized in systems exhausting nonflammable
corrosive fumes or vapors shall be listed and labeled. Nonmetallic duct
shall have a flame spread index of 25 or less and a smoke-developed
index of 50 or less, when tested in accordance with ASTM E 84. Ducts
shall be approved for installation in such an exhaust system.
Where the products being exhausted are detrimental to the duct
material, the ducts shall be constructed of alternative materials that
are compatible with the exhaust.
TABLE 510.8
MINIMUM DUCT THICKNESS
MINIMUM NOMINAL THICKNESS
DIAMETER OF
DUCT Nonabrasive/
OR MAXIMUM SIDE Nonabrasive Abrasive Abrasive
DIMENSION materials materials materials
0.028 inch 0.034 inch 0.040 inch
0-8 inches (No. 24 (No. 22 (No. 20
Gage) Gage) Gage)
0.034 inch 0.040 inch 0.052 inch
9-18 inches (No. 22 (No. 20 (No. 18
Gage) Gage) Gage)
0.040 inch 0.052 inch 0.064 inch
19-30 inches (No. 20 (No. 18 (No. 16
Gage) Gage) Gage)
510.8.1 Duct joints. Ducts shall be made tight with lap joints having a
minimum lap of 1 inch (25 mm).
510.8.2 Clearance to combustibles. Ducts shall have a clearance to
combustibles in accordance with Table 510.8.2. Exhaust gases having
temperatures in excess of 600°F (316°C) shall be exhausted to a chimney
in accordance with Section 511.2.
TABLE 510.8.2
CLEARANCE TO COMBUSTIBLES
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
TYPE OF EXHAUST OR CLEARANCE TO COMBUSTIBLES
TEMPERATURE OF EXHAUST (°F) (inches)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Less than 100 1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
100-600 12
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flammable vapors 6
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
For SI: 1 inch = 25.44 mm. °C = {(°F - 32)}/1.8
510.8.3 Explosion relief. Systems exhausting potentially explosive
mixtures shall be protected with an approved explosion relief system or
by an approved explosion prevention system designed and installed in
accordance with NFPA 69. An explosion relief system shall be designed to
minimize and structural and mechanical damage resulting from an
explosion or deflagration within the exhaust system. An explosion
prevention system shall be designed to prevent an explosion or
deflagration from occurring.
510.9 Supports. Ducts shall be supported at intervals not exceeding 10
feet (3048 mm). Supports shall be constructed of noncombustible
material.
SECTION MC 511
DUST, STOCK AND REFUSE
CONVEYING SYSTEMS
511.1 Dust, stock and refuse conveying systems. Dust, stock and refuse
conveying systems shall comply with the provisions of Section 510 and
Sections 511.1.1 through 511.2.
511.1.1 Collectors and separators. Cyclone collectors and separators
and associated supports shall be constructed of noncombustible materials
and shall be located on the exterior of the building or structure. A
collector or separator shall not be located nearer than 10 feet (3048
mm) to combustible construction or to an unprotected wall or floor
opening, unless the collector is provided with a metal vent pipe that
extends above the highest part of any roof within the distance of 30
feet (9144 mm).
511.1.2 Discharge pipe. Discharge piping shall conform to the
requirements for ducts, including clearances required for high-heat
appliances, as contained in this code. A delivery pipe from a cyclone
collector shall not convey refuse directly into the firebox of a boiler,
furnace, dutch oven, refuse burner, incinerator or other appliance.
511.1.3 Conveying system exhaust discharge. An exhaust system shall
discharge to the outside of the building either directly by flue, or
indirectly through the separator, bin or vault into which the system
discharges.
511.1.4 Spark protection. The outlet of an open-air exhaust terminal
shall be protected with an approved metal or other noncombustible screen
to prevent the entry of sparks.
511.1.5 Explosion relief vents. A safety or explosion relief vent
shall be provided ion all systems that convey combustible refuse or
stock of an explosive nature, in accordance with the requirements of the
New York City Building Code.
511.1.5.1 Screens. Where a screen is installed in a safety relief
vent, the screen shall be attached so as to permit ready release under
the explosion pressure.
511.1.5.2 Hoods. The relief vent shall be provided with an approved
noncombustible cowl or hood, or with a counterbalanced relief valve or
cover arranged to prevent the escape of hazardous materials, gases or
liquids.
511.2 Exhaust outlets. Outlets for exhaust that exceed 600°F (315°C)
shall be designed in accordance with Table 511.2.
The termination point for exhaust ducts discharging to the atmosphere
shall not be less than the following
1. Ducts conveying explosive or flammable vapors, fumes or dusts: 30
feet (9144 mm) from property line; 10 feet (3048 mm) from openings into
the building; 6 feet (1829 mm) from exterior walls or roofs; 30 feet
(9144 mm) from combustible walls or openings into the building which are
in the direction of the exhaust discharge; and 10 feet (3048 mm) above
adjoining grade.
2. Other product-conveying outlets: 10 feet (3048 mm) from property
line; 3 feet (914 mm) from exterior wall or roof; 10 feet (3048 mm) from
openings into the building; and 10 feet (3048 mm) above adjoining grade.
3. Environmental air duct exhaust: 3 feet (914 mm) from property line;
and 3 feet (914 mm) from openings into the building.
TABLE 511.2
CONSTRUCTION, CLEARANCE AND TERMINATION REQUIREMENTS FOR SINGLE-WALL
METAL DUST, STOCK AND REFUSE CONVEYING SYSTEMS
------------------------------------------------------------------------
|MINIMUM THICKNESS| TERMINATION | CLEARANCE
------------------------------------------------------
| | | | |Combustib|Noncombu-
| | |Abo-|Above any |le constr|stible
| | |ve |part of |uction |constru-
| | |roof|building |(inches) |ction
| | |ope-|within |Int-|Ext-|Int-|Ext-
SERVING | | |ning|(feet) |eri-|eri-|eri-|eri-
TEMPERATURE |Walls | |(fe-| |or |r |or |r
RANGE |(inch)| Lining |et) |10 |25|50 |inst|inst|inst|inst.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Low-heat applian- | 0.27 | | | | | | | |
ces (1,000° F no- |(No. | None | 3 | 2 |--|-- | 18 | 6 |
rmal operation) |10 MSG| | | | | | | |
--------------------------------------------------------------
Medium-heat appl- |0.127 |Up to 18"-| | | | | | |Up to 18"
iances (2,000° F |10 MSG| 2 1/2" | | | | | | |diameter,
maximum) {bo} | |Over 18"- | 10 |-- |10|-- | 36 | 24 | 2"
| | 4 1/2" | | | | | | |Over 18"
| |On 4 1/2" | | | | | | |diameter,
| |bed | | | | | | | 4"
------------------------------------------------------------------------
High-heat applia- |0.127 |4 1/2" | | | | |
nces (Over |(No. |laid on | 20 |-- |--|20 | See Note c
2,000° F){a} |10 MSG|4 1/2" | | | | |
| |bed | | | | |
------------------------------------------------------------------------
For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, °C = [(°F)-32]/1.8.
a. Lining shall extend from bottom to top of outlet.
b. Lining shall extend from 24 inches below connector to 24 feet
above.
c. Clearance shall be as specified by the design engineer and shall
have sufficient clearance from buildings and structures to avoid
overheating combustible materials (maximum 160°F).
SECTION MC 512
SUBSLAB SOIL EXHAUST SYSTEMS
512.1 General. When a subslab soil exhaust system is provided, the
duct shall conform to the requirements of this section.
512.2 Materials. Subslab soil exhaust system duct material shall be
air duct material listed and labeled to the requirements of UL 181 for
Class 0 air ducts, or any of the following piping materials that comply
with the New York City Plumbing Code as building sanitary drainage and
vent pipe: cast iron; galvanized steel; brass or copper pipe; copper
tube of a weight not less than that of copper drainage tube, Type DWV;
and plastic piping.
512.3 Grade. Exhaust system ducts shall not be trapped and shall have
a minimum slope of one-eight unit vertical in 12 units horizontal
(1-percent slope).
512.4 Termination. Subslab solid exhaust system ducts shall extend
through the roof and terminate at least 6 inches (152 mm) above the roof
and at least 10 feet (3048 mm) from any operable openings or air intake.
512.5 Identification. Subslab soil exhaust ducts shall be permanently
identified within each floor level by means of a tag, stencil or other
approved marking.
SECTION MC 513
SMOKE CONTROL SYSTEMS
513.1 Scope and purpose. This section applies to mechanical and
passive smoke control systems that are required by the New York City
Building Code. The purpose of this section is to establish minimum
requirements for the design, installation and acceptance testing of
smoke control systems that are intended to provide a tenable environment
for the evacuation or relocation of occupants. These provisions are not
intended for the preservation of contents, the timely restoration of
operations, or for assistance in fire suppression or overhaul
activities. Smoke control systems regulated by this section serve a
different purpose than the smoke- and heat-venting provisions found in
Section 910 of the New York Building Code.
513.2 General design requirements. Buildings, structures, or parts
thereof required by this code to have a smoke control system or systems
shall have such systems designed in accordance with the applicable
requirements of Section 909 of the New York City Building Code and the
generally accepted and well-established principles of engineering
relevant to the design. The construction documents shall include
sufficient information and detail to describe adequately the elements of
the design necessary for the proper implementation of the smoke control
systems. These documents shall be accompanied with sufficient
information and analysis to demonstrate compliance with these
provisions.
513.3 Special inspection and test requirements. In addition to the
ordinary inspection and test requirements which buildings, structures
and parts thereof are required to undergo, smoke control systems subject
to the provisions of Section 909 of the New York City Building Code
shall undergo special inspections and tests sufficient to verify the
proper commissioning of the smoke control design in its final installed
condition. The design submission accompanying the construction documents
shall clearly detail procedures and methods to be used and the items
subject to such inspections and tests. Such commissioning shall be in
accordance with generally accepted engineering practice and, where
possible, based on published standards for the particular testing
involved. The special inspections and tests required by this section
shall be conducted under the same terms as found in Section 1704 of the
New York City Building Code.
513.4 Analysis. A rational analysis supporting the types of smoke
control systems to be employed, their methods of operation, the systems
supporting them, and the methods of construction to be utilized shall
accompany the submitted construction documents and shall include, but
not be limited to, the items indicated in Sections 513.4.1 through
513.4.6.
513.4.1 Stack effect. The system shall be designed such that the
maximum probable normal or reverse stack effects will not adversely
interfere with the system's capabilities. In determining the maximum
probable stack effects, altitude, elevation, weather history and
interior temperatures shall be used.
513.4.2 Temperature effect of fire. Buoyancy and expansion caused by
the design fire in accordance with Section 513.9 shall be analyzed. The
system shall be designed such that these effects do not adversely
interfere with its capabilities.
513.4.3 Wind effect. The design shall consider the adverse effects of
wind. Such consideration shall be consisted with the wind-loading
provisions of the New York City Building Code.
513.4.4 HVAC systems. The design shall consider the effects of the
heating, ventilating and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems on both smoke
and fire transport. The analysis shall include all permutations of
system's status. The design shall consider the effects of fire on the
HVAC systems.
513.4.5 Climate. The design shall consider the effects of low
temperatures on systems, property and occupants. Air inlets and exhausts
shall be located so as to prevent snow or ice blockage.
513.4.6 Duration of operation. All portions of active or passive smoke
control system shall be capable of continued operation after detection
of the fire event for not less than 20 minutes.
513.5 Smoke barrier construction. Smoke barriers shall comply with the
New York City Building Code. Smoke barriers shall be constructed and
sealed to limit leakage areas exclusive of protected openings. The
maximum allowable leakage area shall be the aggregate area calculated
using the following leakage area ratios:
1. Walls: A/A[w] = 0.00100
2. Exit enclosures: A/A[w] = 0.00035
3. All other shafts: A/A[w] = 0.00150
4. Floors and roofs: A/A[F} = 0.00050
where:
A = Total leakage area, square feet (m{2}).
A[F}] = Unit floor or roof area of barrier, square feet (m{2}).
A[w] = Unit wall area of barrier, square feet (m{2}).
The leakage area ratios shown do not include openings due to doors,
operable windows or similar gaps. These shall be included in calculating
the total leakage area.
513.5.1 Leakage area. Total leakage area of the barrier is the product
of the smoke barrier gross area times the allowable leakage area ratio,
plus the area of such as gaps and operable windows. Compliance shall be
determined by achieving the minimum air pressure difference across the
barrier with the system in the smoke control mode for mechanical smoke
control systems. Passive smoke control systems tested using other
approved means such as door fan testing shall be as approved by the
commissioner.
513.5.2 Opening protection. Openings in smoke barriers shall be
protected by automatic-closing devices actuated by the required controls
for the mechanical smoke control system. Door openings shall be
protected by door assemblies complying with the requirements of the New
York Building Code for doors in smoke barriers.
Exceptions:
1. Passive smoke control systems with automatic-closing devices
actuated by spot-type smoke detectors listed for releasing service
installed in accordance with the New York City Building Code.
2. Fixed openings between smoke zones which are protected utilizing
the airflow method.
3. In Group I-2 where such doors are installed across corridors, a
pair of opposite-swinging doors without a center mullion shall be
installed having vision panels with approved fire-rated glazing
materials in approved fire-rated frames, the area of which shall not
exceed that tested. The doors shall be close-fitting within operational
tolerances, and shall not have undercuts, louvers or grilles. The doors
shall have head and jamb stops, astragals or rabbets at meeting edges
and automatic-closing devices. Positive latching devices are not
required.
4. Group I-3.
5. Openings between smoke zones with clear ceiling heights of 14 feet
(4267 mm) or greater and bank down capacity of greater than 20 minutes
as determined by the design fire size.
513.5.2.1 Ducts and air transfer openings. Ducts and air transfer
openings are required to be protected with a minimum Class II, 250°F
(121°C) smoke damper complying with the New York City Building Code.
513.6 Pressurization method. The primary mechanical means of
controlling smoke shall be by pressure differences across smoke
barriers. Maintenance of a tenable environment is not required in the
smoke control zone of fire origin.
513.6.1 Minimum pressure difference. The minimum pressure difference
across a smoke barrier shall be 0.05-inch water Gage (12.4 Pa) in fully
sprinklered buildings.
In buildings permitted to be other than fully sprinklered, the smoke
control system shall be designed to achieve pressure differences at
least two times the maximum calculated pressure difference produced by
the design fire.
513.6.2 Maximum pressure difference. The maximum air pressure
difference across a smoke barrier shall be determined by required
door-opening or closing forces. The actual force required to open exit
doors when the system is in the smoke control mode shall be in
accordance with the New York City Building Code. Opening and closing
forces for other doors shall be determined by standard engineering
methods for the resolution of forces and reactions. The calculated force
to set a side-hinged, swinging door in motion shall be determined by:
F = F[dc]+K(WA/\P)/2(W-d) (Equation 5-2)
where:
A = Door area, square feet (m{2}).
d = Distance from door handle to latch edge of door, feet (m).
F = total door opening force, pounds (N).
F[dc] = Force required to overcome closing device, pounds (N).
K = Coefficient 5.2 (1.0).
W = Door width, feet (m).
/\P = Design pressure difference, inches (Pa) water gauge.
513.7 Airflow design method. When approved by the commissioner, smoke
migration through openings fixed in a permanently open position, which
are located between smoke control zones by the use of the airflow
method, shall be permitted. The design airflows shall be in accordance
with this section. Air-flow shall be directed to limit smoke migration
from the fire zone. The geometry of openings shall be considered to
prevent flow reversal from turbulent effects.
513.7.1 Velocity. The minimum average velocity through a fixed opening
shall not be less than:
v = 217.2 [h(T[f]-T[o])/T[f]+460)]{1/2} (Equation 5-3)
For SI: v = 119.9 [h(T[f]-T[o])/T[f]]{1/2}
where:
H = Height of opening, feet (m).
T[f] = Temperature of smoke, °F (K).
T[o] = Temperature of ambient air, °F (K).
v = Air velocity, feet per minute (m/minute).
513.7.2 Prohibited conditions. This method shall not be employed where
either the quantity of air or the velocity of the airflow will adversely
affect other portions of the smoke control system, unduly intensify the
dire, disrupt plume dynamics or interfere with exiting. In no case shall
airflow toward the fire exceed 200 feet per minute (1.02 m/s). Where the
formula in Section 513.7.1 requires airflow to exceed this limit, the
airflow method shall not be used.
513.8 Exhaust method. When approved by the commissioner, mechanical
smoke control for large enclosed volumes, such as in atria or malls,
shall be permitted to utilize the exhaust method. The design exhaust
volumes shall be in accordance with this section.
513.8.1 Exhaust rate. The height of the lowest horizontal surface of
the accumulating smoke layer shall be maintained at least 10 feet (3048
mm) above any walking surface which forms a portion of a required egress
system within the smoke zone. The required exhaust rate for the zone
shall be the largest of the calculated plume mass flow rates for the
possible plume configurations. Provisions shall be made for natural or
mechanical supply of outside air from outside or adjacent smoke zones to
make up for the air exhausted. Makeup airflow rates, when measured at
the potential fire location, shall not exceed 200 feet per minute (1.02
m/s) toward the fire. The temperature of the makeup air shall be such
that it does not expose temperature-sensitive fire-protection systems
beyond their limits.
513.8.2 Axisymmetric plumes. The plume mass flow rate (m[p]), in
pounds per second (kg/s), shall be determined by placing the design fire
center on the axis of the space being analyzed. The limiting flame
height shall be determined by:
z[l] = 0.533Q[c]{2/5} (Equation 5-4)
For SI; z[l] = 0.166Q[c]{2/5}
where:
M[p] = Plume mass flow rate, pounds per second (kg/s).
Q = Total heat output.
Q[c] = Convective heat output, British thermal units per second (kW).
(The value of Q[c] shall not be taken as less than 0.70Q).
z = Height from top of fuel surface to bottom of smoke layer, feet (m).
z[l] = Limiting flame height, feet (m). The z[l] value must be greater
than the fuel equivalent diameter (see Section 513.9).
for z > z[l]
m[p] = 0.022Q[c]{1/3}[z]{5/3}+0.0042Q[c]
For SI: m[p] = 0.071Q[c]{1/3}z{5/3}+0.0018Q[c]
for z = z[l]
M[p} = 0.011 Q[c]
For SI: m[p] = 0.035Q[c]
for z l]
M[p] = 0.0208Q[c]{3/5}z
For SI: m[p] = 0.032Q[c]{3/5}z
To convert m[p] from pounds per seccond of mass flow to a volumetric
rate, the following formula shall be used:
V = 60m[p]/p (Equation 5-5)
where:
V = Volumetric flow rate, cubic feet per minute (m{3}/s).
R = Density of air at the temperature of the smoke layer, pounds per
cubic feet (T: in °F)[kg/m{3}(T: in °C)]
513.8.3 Balcony spill plumes. The plume mass flow rate (m[p]) for
spill plumes shall be determined using the geometrically probable width
based on architectural elements and projections in the following
formula:
M[p] = 0.124(QW{2}){1/3}(z[b]+0.25H) (Equation 5-6)
For SI: m]p] = 0.36(QW[2}){1/3}(z[b]+0.25H)
where:
H = Height above fire to underside of balcony, feet (m).
M[p] = Plume mass flow rate, pounds pwer second (kg/s).
Q = Total heat output.
W = Plume width at point of spill, feet (m).
513.8.4 Window plumes. The plume mass flow rate (m[p]) shall be
determined from:
m[p] = 0.077(A[w]H[w]{1/2})[1/3(z[w]+a){5/3}+0.18A[w]H[w]{1/2}
(Equation 5-7)
For SI: m[p] = 0.68(A[w]H[w]}1/2})(z[w]+a){5/3}+1.5A[w]H[w]{1/2}
where:
A[w] = Area of the opening, square feet (m[2]).
H[w] = Height of the opening, feet (m).
M[p] = Plume mass flow rate, pounds per second (kg/s).
Z[w] = Height from the top of the window or opening to the bottom of
the smoke layer, feet (m).
a = 2.4A[w]{2/5}H[w]1/5-2.1H[w]
513.8.5 Plume contact with walls. When a plume contacts one or more of
the surrounding walls, the mass flow rate shall be adjusted for the
reduced entrainment resulting from the contact provided that the contact
remains constant. Use of this provision requires calculation of the
plume diameter, that shall be calculated by:
d = 0.48 [(T[c]+460)/(T[a]+460)]{1/2}z (Equation 5-8)
For SI: d = 0.48(T[c]/T[a]){1/2}z
where:
d = Plume diameter, feet (m).
T[a] = Ambient air temperature, °F (°K).
T[c] = Plume centerline temperature, °F (°K)
= 0.6 (T[a]+460)Q[c]{2/3}Z{-5/3}+T[a]
z = Height at which T[c] is determined, feet (m).
For SI: T[c] = 0.08 T[a]Q[c]{2/3}Z{-5/3}+T[a]
513.9 Design fire. The design fire shall be based on a Q of not less
than 5,000 Btu per second (5275 kW) unless a rational analysis is
performed by the registered design professional and approved by the
commissioner. The design fire shall be based on the analysis in
accordance with Section 513.4 and this section.
513.9.1 Factors considered. The engineering analysis shall include the
characteristics of the fuel, fuel load, effects included by the fire,
and whether the fire is likely to be steady or unsteady.
513.9.2 Separation distance. Determination of the design fire shall
include consideration of the type of fuel, fuel spacing and
configuration. The ratio of the separation distance to the fuel
equivalent radius shall not be less than 4. The fuel equivalent radius
shall be the radius of a circle of equal area to floor area of the fuel
package. The design fire shall be increased if other combustibles are
within the separation distance as determined by:
R = [Q/(12piq{"})]{1/2} (Equation 5-9)
where:
Q{"} = Incident radiant heat flux required for nonpiloted ignition,
Btu/ft{2} x s (W/m{2}).
Q = Heat release from fire, Btu/s (kW).
R = Separation distance from target to center of fuel package, feet
(m).
513.9.3 Heat-release assumptions. The analysis shall make use of the
best available data from approved sources and shall not be based on
excessively stringent limitations of combustible material.
513.9.4 Sprinkler effectiveness assumptions. A documented engineering
analysis shall be provided for conditions that assume fire growth is
halted at the time of sprinkler activation.
513.10 Equipment. Equipment such as, but not limited to, fans, ducts,
automatic dampers and balance dampers shall be suitable for their
intended use, suitable for the probable exposure temperatures that the
rational analysis indicates, and as approved by the commissioner.
513.10.1 Exhaust fans. Components of exhaust fans shall be rated and
certified by the manufacturer for the probable temperature rise to which
the components will be exposed. This temperature rise shall be computed
by:
T[s] = (Q[c],c)+(T[a]) (Equation 5-10)
where:
C = Specific heat of smoke at smoke-layer temperature, Btu/lb°F
(kJ/kg x K).
m = Exhaust rate, pounds per second (kg/s).
Q[c] = Convective heat output of fire, Btu/s (kW).
T[a] = Ambient temperature, °F (K).
T[s] = Smoke temperature, °F (K).
Exception: Reduced T[s] as calculated based on the assurance of
adequate dilution air.
513.10.2 Ducts. Duct materials and joints shall be capable of
withstanding the probable temperatures and pressures to which they are
exposed as determined in accordance with Section 513.10.1. Ducts shall
be constructed and supported in accordance with Chapter 6. Ducts shall
be leak tested to 1.5 times the maximum design operating pressure in
accordance with nationally accepted practices. Measured leakage shall
not exceed 5 percent of design flow. Results of such testing shall be a
part of the documentation procedure. Ducts shall be supported directly
from fire-resistance-rated structural elements of the building by
substantial, noncombustible supports.
Exception: Flexible connections, for the purpose of vibration
isolation, that are constructed of approved fire-resistance-rated
materials.
513.10.3 Equipment, inlets and outlets. Equipment shall be located so
as to not expose uninvolved portions of the building to an additional
fire hazard. Outdoor air inlets shall be located so as to minimize the
potential for introducing smoke or flame into the building. Exhaust
outlets shall be so located as to minimize reintroduction of smoke into
the building and to limit exposure of the building or adjacent buildings
to an additional fire hazard.
513.10.4 Automatic dampers. Automatic dampers, regardless of the
purpose for which they are installed within the smoke control system,
shall be listed and conform to the requirements of approved recognized
standards.
513.10.5 Fans. In addition to other requirements, belt-driven fans
shall have 1.5 times the number of belts required for the design duty
with the minimum number of belts being two. Fans shall be selected for
stable performance based on normal temperature and, where applicable,
elevated temperature. Calculations and manufacturer's fan curves shall
be part of the documentation procedures. Fans shall be supported and
restrained by noncombustible devices in accordance with the structural
design requirements of the New York City Building Code. Motors driving
fans shall not be operating beyond their nameplate horsepower
(kilowatts) as determined from measurement of actual current draw.
Motors driving fans shall have a minimum service factor of 1.15.
513.11 Power systems. The smoke control system shall be supplied with
two sources of power. Primary power shall be the normal building power
systems. Secondary power shall be from an approved emergency source
complying with the New York City Electrical Code. The emergency power
source and its transfer switches shall be in a separate room from the
normal power transformers and switch gear and shall be enclosed in a
room constructed of not less than 1-hour fire-resistance-rated fire
barriers, ventilated directly to and from the exterior. Power
distribution from the two sources shall be by independent routes.
Transfer to full emergency power shall be automatic and within 60
seconds of failure of the primary power. The systems shall comply with
the New York City Electrical Code.
513.11.1 Power sources and power surges. Elements of the smoke
management system relying on volatile memories or the like shall be
supplies with integral interruptible power sources of sufficient
duration to span 15-minute primary power interruption. Elements of the
Smoke management system susceptible to power surges shall be suitably
protected by conditioners, suppressors or other approved means.
513.12 Detection and control systems. Fire detection systems providing
control input or output signals to mechanical smoke control systems or
elements thereof shall comply wit the requirements of Chapter 9 of the
New York City Building Code. Such systems shall be equipped with a
control unit complying with UL 864 and listed as smoke control
equipment.
513.12.1 Wiring. In addition to meeting the requirements of the New
York City Electrical Code, all wiring, regardless of voltage, shall be
fully enclosed within continuous raceways.
513.12.2 Activation. Smoke control systems shall be activated in
accordance with the New York City Building Code.
513.12.3 Automatic control. Where completely automatic control is
required or used, the automatic control sequences shall be initiated
from an appropriately zoned automatic sprinkler system complying with
Chapter 9 of the New York City Building Code or from manual controls
that are readily accessible to the Fire Department, and any smoke
detectors required by engineering analysis.
513.13 Control-air tubing. Control-air tubing shall be of sufficient
size to meet the required response times. Tubing shall be flushed clean
and dry prior to final connections. Tubing shall be adequately supported
and protected from damage. Tubing passing through concrete or masonry
shall be sleeved and protected from abrasion and electrolytic action.
513.13.1 Materials. Control-air tubing shall be hard-drawn copper,
Type L, ACR in accordance with ASTM B 42, ASTM B 43, ASTM B 68, ASTM
B88, ASTM B 251 and ASTM 280. Fittings shall be wrought copper or brass,
solder type in accordance with ASME B 16.18 or ASME B 16.22. Changes in
direction shall be made with appropriate tool bends. Brass
compression-type fittings shall be used at final connection to devices;
other joints shall be brazed using a BCuP5 brazing alloy with solids
above 1, 100 °F (593°C) and liquids below 1,500°F (816°C). Brazing flux
shall be used on copper-to-brass joints only.
Exception: Nonmetallic tubing used within control panels and at the
final connection to devices provided all of the following conditions are
met:
1. Tubing shall be listed by an approved agency for flame and smoke
characteristics.
2. Tubing and connected device shall be completely enclosed within a
galvanized or paint-grade steel enclosure of not less than 0.030 inch
(0.76 mm) (No. 22 galvanized sheet Gage) thickness. Entry to the
enclosure shall be by copper tubing with a protective grommet of
neoprene or teflon or by suitable brass compression to male barbed
adapter.
3. Tubing shall be identified by appropriately documented coding.
4. Tubing shall be neatly tied and supported within the enclosure.
Tubing bridging cabinets and doors or moveable devices shall be of
sufficient length to avoid tension and excessive stress. Tubing shall be
protected against abrasion. Tubing serving devices on doors shall be
fastened along hinges.
513.13.2 Isolation from other functions. Control tubing serving other
than smoke control functions shall be isolated by automatic isolation
valves or shall be an independent system.
513.13.3 Testing. Test control-air tubing at three times the operating
pressure for not less than 30 minutes without any noticeable loss in
gauge pressure prior to final connection to devices.
513.14 Marking and identification. The detection and control systems
shall be clearly marked at all junctions, accesses and terminations.
513.15 Control diagrams. Identical control diagrams shall be provided
and maintained as required by the New York City Fire Code.
513.16 Fire fighter's smoke control panel. A fire fighter's smoke
control panel for Fire Department emergency response purposes only shall
be provided in accordance with the New York City Fire Code.
513.17 System response time. Smoke control system activation shall
comply with the New York City Fire Code.
513.18 Acceptance testing. Devices, equipment, components and
sequences shall be tested in accordance with New York City Fire Code.
513.19 System acceptance. Acceptance of the smoke control system shall
be in accordance with the New York City Fire Code.
513.20 Underground building smoke exhaust system. Where required by
the New York City Building Code for underground buildings, a smoke
exhaust system shall be provided in accordance with this section.
513.20.1 Exhaust capability. Where compartmentation is required, each
compartment shall have an independent smoke exhaust system capable of
manual operation. The system shall have an air supply and smoke exhaust
capability that will provide a minimum of six air changes per hour.
513.20.2 Operation. The smoke exhaust system shall be operated in
accordance with Section 909 of the New York City Building Code.
513.20.3 Alarm required. Activation of the smoke exhaust system shall
activate an audible alarm at a constantly attended location in
accordance with the New York City Fire Code.
SECTION MC 514
ENERGY RECOVERY VENTILATION SYSTEMS
514.1 General. Energy recovery ventilation systems shall be installed
in accordance with this section. Where required for purposes of energy
conservation, energy recovery ventilation systems shall also comply with
the New York City Energy Conservation Code.
514.2 Prohibited applications. Energy recovery ventilation systems
shall not be used in the following systems, unless specifically designed
and/or listed for the specific applications and as part of an engineered
system.
1. Hazardous exhaust systems covered in Section 510.
2. Dust, stock and refuse systems that convey explosive or flammable
vapors, fumes or dust covered in Section 511.
3. Smoke control systems covered in Section 513.
4. Commercial kitchen exhaust systems serving Type I and Type II hoods
covered in Section 506.
5. Clothes dryer exhaust systems covered in Section 504.
514.3 Access. A means of access shall be provided to the heat
exchanger and other components of the system as required for service,
maintenance, repair or replacement.
SECTION MC 515
POST-FIRE SMOKE PURGE SYSTEMS
515.1 General. Post-fire smoke purge systems shall be provided as
required by Chapter 9 of the New York City Building Code.
CHAPTER 6
DUCT SYSTEMS
SECTION MC 601
GENERAL
601.1 Scope. Duct systems used for the movement of air in
air-conditioning, heating, ventilating and exhaust systems shall conform
to the provisions of this chapter except as otherwise specified in
Chapters 5 and 7.
Exception: Ducts discharging combustible material directly into any
combustion chamber shall conform to the requirements of NFPA 82.
601.2 Air movement in corridors. Corridors shall not be used as a
portion of direct supply, return, or exhaust air system serving
adjoining areas. Air transfer opening(s) shall not be permitted in
walls or in doors separating public corridors from adjoining areas.
Exceptions:
1 Where located within dwelling units, the use of corridors for
conveying return air shall not be prohibited.
2. Where located within tenant spaces of 1.000 square feet (93 m{2})
or less in area, utilization of corridors for conveying return air is
permitted.
3. Corridors in Group B office buildings equipped throughout with an
automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 of the
New York City Building Code.
4. Air transfer openings serving toilet rooms, bathrooms, shower
rooms, sink closets, and similar auxiliary spaces opening onto the
public corridor.
5. Group 1-3 detention and correctional occupancies with corridor
separations of open construction (e.g. grating doors or grating
partitions).
6. Air transfer in openings because of pressure differential in Group
1-2 health care occupancies from corridors is permitted.
7. Where door clearances do not exceed those specified for fire doors
in the New York City Building Code, air transfer caused by pressure
differentials shall be permitted.
8. Use of egress corridors as part of an engineered smoke-control
system is permitted.
601.2.1 Corridor ceiling. Use of the space between the corridor
ceiling and the floor or roof structure above as a return air plenum is
permitted for one or more of the following conditions:
1. The corridor is not required to be of fire-resistance-rated
construction;
2. The corridor is separated from the plenum by fire-resistance-rated
construction;
3. The air-handling system serving the corridor is shut down upon
activation of the air-handling unit smoke detectors required by this
code;
4. The air-handling system serving the corridor is shut down upon
detection of sprinkler waterflow where the building is equipped
throughout with an automatic sprinkler system; or
5. The space between the corridor ceiling and the floor or roof
structure above the corridor is used as a component of an approved
engineered smoke control system.
601.3 Contamination prevention. Exhaust ducts under positive pressure,
chimneys, and vents shall not extend into or pass through ducts or
plenums.
SECTION MC 602
PLENUMS
602.1 General. Supply, return, exhaust, relief and ventilation air
plenums shall be limited to uninhabited crawl spaces, areas above a
finished ceiling, or below the finished floor, attic spaces and
mechanical equipment rooms. Plenums shall be limited to one fire area.
Fuel-fired appliances shall not be installed within a plenum.
602.2 Construction. Plenum enclosures shall be constructed of
materials permitted for the type of construction classification of the
building. The temperature of air delivered to or through these plenums
shall not exceed 250°F (121°C), except where used as part of an
engineered smoke control system.
The use of gypsum boards to form plenums shall be limited to systems
where the air temperatures do not exceed 125°F (52°C) and the building
and mechanical system design conditions are such that the gypsum board
surface temperature will be maintained above the air stream dew-point
temperature. Air plenums formed by gypsum boards shall not be
incorporated in air-handling systems utilizing evaporative coolers.
602.2.1 Materials exposed within plenums. Except as required by
Sections 602.2.1.1 through 602.2.1.5, materials exposed within plenums
shall be noncombustible or shall have a flame spread index of not more
than 25 and a smoke-developed index of not more than 50 when tested in
accordance with ASTM E 84.
Exceptions:
1. Rigid and flexible ducts and connectors shall conform to Section
603.
2. Duct coverings, linings, tape and connectors shall conform to
Sections 603 and 604.
3. This section shall not apply to materials exposed within plenums in
one- and two-family dwellings.
4. This section shall not apply to smoke detectors.
5. Combustible materials enclosed in approved gypsum board assemblies
or enclosed in materials listed and labeled for such application.
602.2.1.1 Wiring. Combustible electrical or electronic wiring methods
and materials, optical fiber cable, and optical fiber raceway exposed
within a plenum shall have a peak optical density not greater than 0.50,
an average optical density not greater than 0.15, and a flame spread not
greater than 5 feet (1524 mm) when tested in accordance with NFPA 262.
Only type OFNP (plenum rated nonconductive optical fiber cable) shall be
installed in plenum- rated optical fiber raceways. Wiring, cable, and
raceways addressed in this section shall be listed and labeled as plenum
rated and shall be installed in accordance with New York City Electrical
Code.
602.2.1.2 Fire sprinkler piping. Plastic fire sprinkler piping exposed
within a plenum shall be used only in wet pipe systems and shall have a
peak optical density not greater than 0.50, an average optical density
not greater than 0.15, and a flame spread of not greater than 5 feet
(1524 mm) when tested in accordance with UL 1887. Piping shall be listed
and labeled.
602.2.1.3 Pneumatic tubing. Combustible pneumatic tubing exposed
within a plenum shall have a peak optical density not greater than 0.50,
an average optical density not greater than 0.15, and a flame spread of
not greater than 5 feet (1524 mm) when tested in accordance with UL
1820. Combustible pneumatic tubing shall be listed and labeled.
602.2.1.4 Combustible electrical equipment. Combustible electrical
equipment exposed within a plenum shall have a peak rate of heat release
not greater than 100 kilowatts, a peak optical density not greater than
0.50 and an average optical density not greater than 0.15 when tested in
accordance with UL 2043. Combustible electrical equipment shall be
listed and labeled.
602.2.1.5 Foam plastic insulation. Foam plastic insulation used as
wall or ceiling finish in plenums shall exhibit a flame spread index of
75 or less and a smoke developed index of 450 or less when tested in
accordance with ASTM E 84 and shall also comply with Section
602.2.1.5.1, 602.2.1.5.2 or 602.2.1.5.3.
602.2.1.5.1 Separation required. The foam plastic insulation shall be
separated from the plenum by a thermal barrier complying with Section
2603.4 of the New York City Building Code.
602.2.1.5.2 Approval. The foam plastic insulation shall be approved
based on tests conducted in accordance with Section 2603.8 of the New
York City Building Code.
602.2.1.5.3 Covering. The foam plastic insulation shall be covered by
corrosion-resistant steel having a base metal thickness of not less than
0.0160 inch (0.4 mm).
602.3 Stud cavity and joist space plenums. Stud wall cavities and the
spaces between solid floor joists to be utilized as air plenums shall
comply with the following conditions:
1. Such cavities or spaces shall not be utilized as a plenum for
supply air.
2. Such cavities or spaces shall not be part of a required
fire-resistance-rated assembly.
3. Stud wall cavities shall not convey air from more than one floor
level.
4. Stud wall cavities and joist space plenums shall comply with the
floor penetration protection requirements of the New York City Building
Code.
5. Stud wall cavities and joist space plenums shall be isolated from
adjacent concealed spaces by approved fireblocking as required in the
New York City Building Code.
602.4 Flood hazard. For structures located in areas of special flood
hazard, plenum spaces shall comply with Appendix G of the New York City
Building Code.
602.5 Fire-stopping. Where required by the New York City Building Code
through penetrations shall be firestopped in accordance with Section 712
of the New York City Building Code.
602.6 Materials. Materials used in the construction of a plenum shall
be suitable for continuous exposure to the temperature and humidity
conditions of the environmental air in the plenum.
SECTION MC 603
DUCT CONSTRUCTION AND INSTALLATION
603.1 General. An air distribution system shall be designed and
installed to supply the required distribution of air. The installation
of an air distribution system shall not affect the fire protection
requirements specified in the New York City Building Code. Ducts shall
be constructed. braced, reinforced and installed to provide structural
strength and durability.
603.2 Duct sizing. Ducts installed within a single dwelling unit shall
be sized in accordance with ACCA Manual D or other approved methods.
Ducts installed within all other buildings shall be sized in accordance
with the ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals or other equivalent computation
procedure.
603.3 Duct classification. Ducts shall be classified based on the
maximum operating pressure of the duct at pressures of positive or
negative 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 6.0 or 10.0 inches of water column.
The pressure classification of ducts shall equal or exceed the design
pressure of the air distribution in which the ducts are utilized.
603.4 Metallic ducts. All metallic ducts shall be constructed as
specified in the SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standards Metal and
Flexible.
Exception: Ducts installed within single dwelling units shall have a
minimum thickness as specified in Table 603.4.
TABLE 603.4
DUCT CONSTRUCTION MINIMUM SHEET METAL
THICKNESSES FOR SINGLE DWELLING UNITS
------------------------------------------------------------
| GALVANIZED |
|Minimum |Equivalent|APPROXIMATE
|thickness|Galvanized| ALUMINUM
DUCT SIZE |(inches) |Gage No. | B GAGE
------------------------------------------------------------
Round ducts and enclosed | | |
Rectangular ducts | | |
14" or less | 0.013 | 30 | 26
Over 14" | 0.016 | 28 | 24
------------------------------------------------------------
Exposed rectangular ducts | | |
14" or less | 0.016 | 28 | 24
Over 14" | 0.019 | 26 | 22
------------------------------------------------------------
For SI: 1 inch = 23.4 mm
603.5 Nonmetallic ducts. Nonmetallic ducts shall be constructed with
Class 0 or Class 1 duct material in accordance with UT 181. Fibrous duct
construction shall conform to the SMACNA Fibrous Glass Duct Construction
Standards or NALMA Fibrous Glass Duct Construction Standards. The
maximum air temperature within nonmetallic ducts shall not exceed 250°F
(121°C).
603.6 Air ducts and air connectors. Air ducts. both metallic and
nonmetallic, shall comply with Sections 603.6.1 and 603.6.1.1. Air
connectors, both metallic and nonmetallic, shall comply with Sections
606.6.2 and 603.6.3.
603.6.1 Air ducts. Air ducts shall be permitted to be rigid or
flexible and shall be constructed of materials that are reinforced and
sealed to satisfy the requirements for the use of the air duct system,
such as the supply air system, the return or exhaust air systems, and
the variable volume/pressure air system.
603.6.1.1 Materials. All air duct materials shall be suitable for
continuous exposure to the temperature and humidity conditions of the
environmental air in the air duct. Air ducts shall be constructed of any
of the following materials:
1. Iron, steel, aluminum, copper, concrete, masonry, or clay tile.
2. Class 0 or Class 1 rigid or flexible air ducts tested in accordance
with UL 181 and installed in conformance with the conditions of the
listing.
Exceptions:
1. Class 0 or Class 1 rigid or flexible air duct shall not be used as
a vertical air duct that is more than two stories in height.
2. Class 0 or Class 1 rigid or flexible air ducts shall not be used
for air ducts containing air at temperatures in excess of 250°F (121°C)
3. Where the temperature of the conveyed air does not exceed 125°F
(52°C) in normal service, negative pressure exhaust or return air ducts
shall be permitted to be constructed of gypsum board having a maximum
flame spread index/rating of 25 without evidence of continued
progressive combustion and a maximum smoke developed index/rating of 50.
Air ducts formed by gypsum boards shall have a surface temperature
maintained above the air stream dew-point temperature, and shall not be
used in air-handling systems utilizing evaporative coolers.
Exception: The maximum conveyed air temperature of 125°F (52°C) shall
not apply to gypsum board material used for emergency smoke exhaust air
ducts.
603.6.1.2. Installation. The materials, thickness, construction, and
installation of ducts shall provide structural strength and durability
in conformance with recognized good practice. Air ducts shall be
considered to be in compliance with this requirement where constructed
and installed in accordance with the New York City Building Code. Where
no standard exists for the construction of air ducts, they shall be
constructed to withstand both the positive and negative pressures of the
system.
603.6.2 Air Connectors. Air connectors are limited-use, flexible air
ducts that are required to conform to other provisions applicable to air
ducts and shall meet the following requirements:
1. Air connectors shall conform to the requirements for Class 0 or
Class 1 connectors when tested and approved in accordance with UL 181.
2. Class 0 or Class 1 air connectors shall not be used for ducts
containing air at temperatures in excess of 250°F (121°C).
3. Air connector runs shall not exceed 14 feet (4267 mm) in length.
4. Air connectors shall not penetrate any rated wall, partition, or
shaft that is required to have a fire resistance rating of 1 hour or
more.
5. Air connectors shall not pass through floors.
603.6.3 Flexible air duct and air connector clearance. Flexible air
ducts and air connectors shall be installed with a minimum clearance to
an appliance as specified in the appliance manufacturer's installation
instructions.
603.7 Rigid duct penetrations. Duct system penetrations of walls,
floors, ceilings and roofs and air transfer openings in such building
components shall be protected as required by Section 607.
603.8 Underground ducts. Ducts shall be approved for underground
installation. Metallic ducts not having an approved protective coating
shall be completely encased in a minimum of 2 inches (51 mm) of
concrete.
603.8.1 Slope. Ducts shall slope to allow drainage to a point provided
with access.
603.8.2 Sealing. Ducts shall be sealed and secured prior to pouring
the concrete encasement.
603.8.3 Plastic ducts and fittings. Plastic ducts shall be constructed
of PVC having a minimum pipe stiffness of 8 psi (55 kPa) at 5-percent
deflection when tested in accordance with ASTM D 2412. Plastic duct
fittings shall be constructed of either PVC or high-density
polyethylene. Plastic duct and fittings shall be utilized in underground
installations only. The maximum design temperature for systems utilizing
plastic duct and fittings shall be 150`F (66°C).
603.9 Joints, seams and connections. All longitudinal and transverse
joints, seams and connections in metallic and nonmetallic ducts shall be
constructed as specified in SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction
Standards-Metal and Flexible and SMACNA Fibrous Glass Duct Construction
Standards or NAIMA Fibrous Glass Duct Construction Standards. All
longitudinal and transverse joints, seams and connections shall be
sealed in accordance with the New York City Energy Conservation Code.
603.10 Supports. Ducts shall be supported with approved hangers at
intervals not exceeding 10 feet (3048 mm) or by other approved duct
support systems designed in accordance with the New York City Building
Code. Flexible and other factory-made ducts shall be supported in
accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. Ducts
shall not be hung from or supported by suspended ceilings.
603.11 Furnace connections. Ducts connecting to a furnace shall have a
clearance to combustibles in accordance with the furnace manufacturer's
installation instructions.
603.11.1 Air duct at heat sources. Where heat sources from electrical
equipment, fossil fuel-burning equipment, or solar energy collection
equipment are installed in air ducts, the installation shall avoid the
creation of a fire hazard. Air ducts rated as Class 1 in accordance with
UL 181, air duct coverings, and linings shall be interrupted at the
immediate area of operation of such heat sources in order to meet the
clearances specified in the equipment listing.
Exceptions:
1. Appliances listed for zero clearance from combustibles where
installed with the conditions of their listings.
2. Insulation specifically suitable for the maximum temperature that
reasonably can be anticipated on the duct surface shall be permitted to
be installed at the immediate area of operation of such appliances.
603.12 Condensation. Provisions shall be made to prevent the formation
of condensation on the exterior of any duct.
603.13 Flood hazard areas. For structures in areas of special flood
hazard, ducts shall comply with Appendix G of the New York City Building
Code.
603.14 Location. Ducts shall not be installed in or within 4 inches
(102 mm) of the earth, except where such ducts comply with Section
603.8.
603.15 Mechanical protection. Ducts installed in locations where they
are exposed to mechanical damage by vehicles or from other causes shall
be protected by approved vehicle barriers and required by the New York
City Building Code.
603.16 Weather protection. All ducts including linings, coverings and
vibration isolation connectors installed on the exterior of the building
shall be adequately protected against the elements.
603.17 Registers, grilles and diffusers. Duct registers, grilles and
diffusers shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's
installation instructions. Balancing dampers or other means of supply
air adjustment shall be provided in the branch ducts or at each
individual duct register, grille or diffuser.
603.17.1 Floor registers. Floor registers shall resist, without
structural failure, a 200-pound (90.8 kg) concentrated load on a
2-inch-diameter (51 mm) disc applied to the most critical area of the
exposed face.
603.18 Vibration Isolation Connectors. Vibration isolation connectors
in duct systems shall be made of an approved flame-retardant fabric or
shall consist of sleeve joints with packing of approved material, each
having a maximum flame spread index/rating of 25 and a maximum smoke
developed rating of 50. The fabric shall have a maximum length of 10
inches (254 mm) in the direction of air flow.
SECTION MC 604
INSULATION
604.1 General. Duct insulation shall conform to the requirements of
Sections 604.2 through 604.13 and the New York City Energy Conservation
Code.
604.2 Surface temperature. Ducts that operate at temperatures
exceeding 120°F (49°C) shall have sufficient thermal insulation to limit
the exposed surface temperature to 120°F (49°C).
604.3 Coverings and linings. Coverings and linings, including
adhesives when used, shall have a flame spread index not more than 25
and a smoke-developed index not more than 50, when tested in accordance
with ASTM E 84. Duct coverings and linings shall not flame, glow,
smolder or smoke when tested in accordance with ASTM C 411 at the
temperature to which they are exposed in service. The test temperature
shall not fall below 250°F (121°C).
604.4 Foam plastic insulation. Foam plastic used as duct coverings and
linings shall conform to the requirements of Section 604.
604.5 Appliance insulation. Listed and labeled appliances that are
internally insulated shall be considered as conforming to the
requirements of Section 604.
604.6 Penetration of assemblies. Duct coverings shall not penetrate a
wall or floor required to have a fire-resistance rating or required to
be fireblocked.
604.7 Identification. External duct insulation and factory-insulated
flexible duct shall be legibly printed or identified at intervals not
greater than 36 inches (914 mm) with the name of the manufacturer, the
thermal resistance R-value at the specified installed thickness and the
flame spread and smoke-developed indexes of the composite materials. All
duct insulation product R-values shall be based on insulation only,
excluding air films, vapor retarders or other duct components, and shall
be based on tested C-values at 75°F (24°C) mean temperature at the
installed thickness, in accordance with recognized industry procedures.
The installed thickness of duct insulation used to determine its
R-values shall be determined as follows:
1. For duct board, duct liner and factory-made rigid ducts not
normally subjected to compression, the normal insulation thickness shall
be used.
2. For duct wrap, the installed thickness shall be assumed to be 75
percent (25-percent compression) of nominal thickness.
3. For factory-made flexible air ducts, the installed thickness shall
be determined by dividing the difference between the actual outside
diameter and nominal inside diameter by two.
604.8 Lining installation. Linings shall be interrupted at the area of
operation of a fire damper and at a minimum of 6 inches (152 mm)
upstream of and 6 inches (152 mm) downstream of electric-resistance and
fuel-burning heaters in a duct system. Metal nosings or sleeves shall be
installed over exposed duct liner edges that face opposite the direction
of airflow.
604.9 Thermal continuity. Where a duct liner has been interrupted, a
duct covering of equal thermal performance shall be installed.
604.10 Service openings. Service openings shall not be concealed by
duct coverings unless the exact location of the opening is properly
identified.
604.11 Vapor retarders. Where ducts used for cooling are externally
insulated, the insulation shall be covered with a vapor retarder having
a maximum permeance of 0.05 perm [2.87 ng/(PA * s * m{2}] or aluminum
foil having a minimum thickness of 2 mils (0.051 mm). Insulations having
a permeance of 0.05 perm [2.87 ng/(P * s* m{2})] or less shall not be
required to be covered. All joints and seams shall be sealed to maintain
the continuity of the vapor retarder.
604.12 Weatherproof barriers. Insulated exterior ducts shall be
protected with an approved weatherproof barrier.
604.13 Internal insulation. Materials used as internal insulation and
exposed to the airstream in ducts shall be shown to be durable when
tested in accordance with UL 181. Exposed internal insulation that is
not impermeable to water shall not be used to line ducts or plenums from
the exit of a cooling coil to the downstream end of the drain pan.
SECTION MC 605
AIR FILTERS
605.1 General. Heating and air-conditioning systems of the central
type shall be provided with approved air filters. Filters shall be
installed in the return air system, upstream from any heat exchanger or
coil, in an approved convenient location. Liquid adhesive coatings used
on filters shall have a flash point not lower than 325°F (163°C).
605.2 Standards. Media-type and electrostatic-type air filters shall
be listed and labeled. Media-type air filters shall comply with UL 900.
High-efficiency particulate air filters shall comply with UL 586.
Electrostatic-type air filters shall comply with UL 867. Air filters
utilized within dwelling units shall be designed for the intended
application and shall not be required to be listed and labeled.
605.2.1 Standards for air-handling units. Air-handling units of
mechanical ventilation systems, any portion of which provide outdoor air
ventilation, shall be equipped with a particulate matter filtration
system in accordance with ASHRAE 62.1 or ASHRAE 62.2 and shall have a
minimum efficiency reporting value (MERV) of 11 or greater in accordance
with ASHRAE 52.2.
Exceptions:
1. This section shall not apply to the alteration or repair of a
mechanical ventilation system that was installed prior to January 1,
2013 unless such alteration or repair includes the replacement or
addition of an air-handling unit in such system.
2. This section shall not apply to the replacement of an air handling
unit in a mechanical ventilation system installed prior to January 1,
2013 if the department determines that the design of such replacement
air-handling unit cannot be made to comply with the allowable fan system
power limitations of the New York City Energy Conservation Code or
ASHRAE 90.1.
3. This section shall not apply to any air-handling unit with a design
capacity of less than 5,000 cfm.
605.3 Airflow over the filter. Ducts shall be constructed to allow an
even distribution of air over the entire filter.
605.4 Liquid adhesive tanks. Tanks for liquid adhesives, into which
removable filters are dipped, shall be located either outside the
building or, if such a location is not available, in a separate fire
resistive room and stored in accordance with NFPA 30. Such tanks shall
be metal, equipped with tight-fitting covers and shall be kept tightly
covered when not in actual use.
605.5 Filter maintenance. All air filters shall be kept free of excess
dust and combustible material. Unit filters shall be renewed or cleaned
when the resistance to airflow has increased to two times the original
resistance or when the resistance has reached a value of recommended
replacement by the manufacturer. A permanently installed draft gauge
shall be provided for this purpose. Where the filters are of the
automatic liquid adhesive type, sludge shall be removed from the liquid
adhesive reservoir regularly.
SECTION MC 606
SMOKE DETECTION SYSTEMS CONTROL
606.1 Controls required. Air distribution systems shall be equipped
with smoke detectors listed and labeled for installation in air
distribution systems, as required by this section.
606.2 Where required. Smoke detectors shall be installed where
indicated in Sections 606.2.1 through 606.2.4.
Exceptions: Smoke detectors shall not be required where air
distribution systems are incapable of spreading smoke beyond the
enclosing walls, floors and ceilings of the room or space in which the
smoke is generated.
606.2.1 Return air systems. Smoke detectors shall be installed in
return air systems with a design capacity greater than 2,000 cfm (0.9
m{3}/s), in the return air duct or plenum upstream of any filters,
exhaust air connections, outdoor air connections, or decontamination
equipment and appliances.
Exception: Smoke detectors are not required in the return air system
where all portions of the building served by the air distribution system
are protected by area smoke detectors connected to a fire alarm system
in accordance with the New York City Fire Code. The area smoke detection
system shall comply with Section 606.4.
606.2.2 Common supply and return air systems. Where multiple
air-handling systems share common supply or return air ducts or plenums
with a combined design capacity greater than 2,000 cfm (0.9 m{3}/s), the
return air system shall be provided with smoke detectors in accordance
with Section 606.2.1.
Exception: Individual smoke detectors shall not be required for each
fan-powered terminal unit, provided that such units do not have an
individual design capacity greater than 2,000 cfm (0.9 m{3}/s) and will
be shut down by activation of one of the following:
1. Smoke detectors required by Sections 606.2.1 and 606.2.3.
2. An approved area smoke detector system located in the return air
plenum serving such units.
3. An area smoke detector system as prescribed in the exception to
Section 606.2.1.
In all cases, the smoke detectors shall comply with Sections 606.4 and
606.4.1.
606.2.3 Return air risers. Where return air risers serve two or more
stories and serve any portion of a return air system having a design
capacity greater than 15,000 cfm (7.1 m{3}/s), smoke detectors shall be
installed at each story. Such smoke detectors shall be located up stream
of the connection between the return air riser and any air ducts or
plenums.
606.2.4 Supply air systems. Smoke detectors listed for use in air
distribution systems shall be installed downstream of the air filters
and ahead of any branch connections in air supply systems having a
capacity greater than 2,000 cfm (0.9 m{3}/s).
606.3 Installations. Smoke detectors required by this section shall be
installed in accordance with the New York City Electrical Code. The
required smoke detectors shall be installed to monitor the entire
airflow conveyed by the system including supply air, return air and
exhaust or relief air. Access shall be provided to smoke detectors for
inspection and maintenance.
606.4 Controls operation. Upon activation, the smoke detectors shall
automatically shut down their respective air distribution system(s). Air
distribution systems that are part of a smoke control system shall
switch to the smoke control mode upon activation of a detector.
606.4.1 Supervision. The duct smoke detectors shall be connected to a
fire alarm system. The actuation of a duct smoke detector shall activate
a visible and audible supervisory signal at a constantly attended
location.
Exceptions:
1. The supervisory signal at a constantly attended location is not
required where the duct smoke detector activates the building's
alarm-indicating appliances.
2. In occupancies not required to be equipped with a fire alarm
system, actuation of either area or duct smoke detector shall activate a
visible and an audible signal in an approved location. Additionally,
duct smoke detector trouble conditions shall activate a visible or
audible signal in an approved location and shall be identified as air
duct detector trouble.
606.4.2 Fan shutdown. When any building or floor is provided with an
air system utilizing recirculated air and is protected by an automatic
sprinkler system or an automatic fire alarm system, provisions shall be
made to automatically stop the fans serving the affected area when the
sprinkler system or fire alarm system are installed in the area, it
shall be required to have only one of these systems arranged to stop the
fans.
Exceptions:
1. Activation of a manual pull station shall not be required to
automatically stop the fans.
2. Systems having a capacity of 2,000 cfm (0.2 m{3}/s) or less or
serving not more than one floor.
606.4.3 Manual restart of fans after automatic fire detecting device
or fire alarm system shutdown. Fans or fan system which have been
automatically shut down on activation of an automatic dire detecting
device or fire alarm system shall be arranged and equipped so that they
do not automatically restart when either the automatic fire detecting
device or fire alarm system is reset. The manual means of restarting the
fans or fan system shall function independently from the manual
resetting of either the automatic fire detecting device or fire alarm
system.
SECTION MC 607
DUCTS AND AIR TRANSFER OPENINGS
607.1 General. The provisions of this section shall govern the
protection of duct penetrations and air transfer openings in
fire-resistance-rated assemblies.
607.1.1 Ducts and air transfer openings without dampers. Ducts and air
transfer openings that penetrate fire-resistance-rated assemblies and
are not required to have dampers by this section shall comply with the
requirements of Section 712 of the New York City Building Code.
607.2 Installation. fire dampers, smoke dampers, combination
fire/smoke dampers and ceiling dampers located within air distribution
and smoke control systems shall be installed in accordance with the
requirements of this section, and the manufacturer's installation
instructions and listing.
607.2.1 Smoke control system .Where the installation of a fire damper
will interfere with the operation of a required smoke control system in
accordance with Section 513, approved alternative protection shall be
utilized.
607.2.1.1 Remote operation. Combination fire and smoke dampers shall
be operable by remote controls where necessary for smoke removal. Such
dampers shall have provisions that allow them to re-close automatically
upon reaching the damper's maximum degradation test temperature in
accordance with UL 555S.
607.2.2 Hazardous exhaust ducts. Fire dampers for hazardous exhaust
duct systems shall comply with Section 510.
607.2.3 Supply air systems. Smoke dampers listed for use in air
distribution systems shall be installed both upstream and downstream of
filters and ahead of any branch connections in supply air-handling
apparatus and systems having a capacity equal to or greater than 15,000
cfm (7.1 m{3}/s).
Exceptions:
1. Where the air-handling unit is located on the floor that it serves
and serves only that floor.
2. Where the air-handling unit is located on the roof and serves only
the floor immediately below the roof.
3. Existing buildings using only UL 90D Class 1 filters shall be
exempt from this subdivision provided the control system is arranged to
shut down the fresh air intake, return air, and exhaust air dampers, and
fan shutdown and smoke detection is provided in accordance with Section
606.
607.3 Damper testing and ratings. Dampers shall be listed and bear the
label of an approved testing agency indicating compliance with the
standards in this section. Fire dampers shall comply with the
requirements of UL 555. Only fire dampers labeled for use in dynamic
systems shall be installed in heating, ventilation and air-conditioning
systems designed to operate with fans on during a fire. Smoke dampers
shall comply with the requirements of UL 555S. Combination fire/smoke
dampers shall comply with the requirements of both UL 555 and UL 555S.
Ceiling radiation dampers shall comply with the requirements of UL 555C.
607.3.1 Fire protection rating. Fire dampers shall have the minimum
fire protection rating specified in Table 607.3.1 for the type of
penetration.
TABLE 607.3.1
FIRE DAMPER RATING
---------------------------------------------
| MINIMUM DAMPER
TYPE OF PENETRATION | RATING (hour)
---------------------------------------------
Less than 3-hour |
fire-resistance-rated | 1 1/2
assemblies |
---------------------------------------------
3-hour or greater |
fire-resistance-rated | 3
assemblies |
---------------------------------------------
607.3.1.1 Fire damper actuating device. The fire damper actuating
device shall meet one of the following requirements:
1. The operating temperature shall be approximately 50°F (27.8°C)
above the normal temperature within the duct system, but not less than
160°F (71°C).
2. The operating temperature shall be not more than 286°F (141°C)
where located in a smoke control system complying with Section 513.
3. Where a combination fire/smoke damper is located in a smoke control
system complying with Section 513, the operating temperature rating
shall be approximately 50°F (27.8°C) above the maximum smoke control
system designed operating temperature, or a maximum temperature of 350°F
(177°C). The temperature shall not exceed the UL 555S degradation test
temperature rating for a combination fire/smoke damper.
607.3.2 Smoke damper ratings. Smoke damper leakage ratings shall not
be less than Class II. Elevated temperature ratings shall be not less
than 250°F (121°C).
607.3.2.1 Smoke damper actuation methods. The smoke damper shall close
upon actuation of a listed smoke detector or detectors installed in
accordance with Section 606 of this code and Sections 907.10 and 907.11
of the New York City Building code and one of the following methods, as
applicable:
1. Where a damper is installed within a duct, a smoke detector shall
be installed in the duct within 5 feet (1524 mm) of the damper with no
air outlets or inlets between the detector and the damper. The detector
shall be listed for the air velocity, temperature and humidity
anticipated at the point where it is installed. Other than in mechanical
smoke control systems, dampers shall be closed upon fan shutdown where
local smoke detectors require a minimum velocity to operate.
2. Where a damper is installed above smoke barrier doors in a smoke
barrier, a spot-type detector listed for releasing service shall be
installed on either side of the smoke barrier door opening.
3. Where a damper is installed within an inducted opening in a wall, a
spot-type detector listed for releasing service shall be installed
within 5 feet (1524 mm) horizontally of the damper.
4. Where a damper is installed in a corridor wall, the damper shall be
permitted to be controlled by a smoke detection system installed in the
corridor.
5. Where a total-coverage smoke detector system is provided within
areas served by an HVAC system, dampers shall be permitted to be
controlled by the smoke detection system.
6. Smoke dampers that are part of an engineered smoke control system
shall be capable of being positioned manually from a command station.
Such positioning devices shall be provided for supply and return/exhaust
dampers grouped by floor and by type. Damper switch positions shall
indicate whether the related dampers are commanded to be either open or
closed. Smoke damper positioning switches shall be located at the Fire
Command Station, or in a Mechanical Control Center in buildings without
a Fire Command Station.
607.4 Access and identification. Fore and smoke dampers shall be
provided with an approved means of access, large enough to permit
inspection and maintenance of the damper and its operating parts. The
access shall not affect the integrity of fire-resistance-rated
assemblies. The access openings shall not reduce the fire-resistance
rating of the assembly. Access points shall be permanently identified on
the exterior by a label having letters not less than 0.5 inch (12.7mm)
in height reading: SMOKE DAMPER or FIRE DAMPER, followed by an
identification marking that is unique to the damper accessed. Access
doors in ducts hall be tight fitting and suitable for the required duct
construction.
607.5 Where required. Fire dampers, smoke dampers, combination
fire/smoke dampers and ceiling radiation dampers shall be provided at
the locations prescribed in this section. Where an assembly is required
to have both fire dampers and smoke dampers, combination fire/smoke
dampers or a fire damper and a smoke damper shall be required.
Exceptions:
1. Smoke dampers shall not be required on air systems other than where
necessary for the proper function of that system where the system is
designed specifically to:
1.1. Function as an engineered smoke-control system, including the
provision of continuous air movement with the air-handling system; or
1.2. Provide air to other areas of the building during a fire
emergency; or
1.3. Provide pressure differentials during a fire emergency.
2. Smoke dampers shall not be required to be located within a
prescribed distance of a fire rated enclosure where isolation smoke
dampers are used in air-handling equipment (Refer to Section 607.2.3).
3. Smoke dampers shall not be required in ducts where the air
continues to move and the air-handling system installed is arranged to
prevent recirculation of exhaust or return air under fire emergency
conditions.
607.5.1 Fire walls. ducts and air transfer openings permitted in
firewalls in accordance with Section 705.11 of there New York City
Building code shall be protected with approved fire dampers and smoke
dampers installed in accordance with their listing.
607.5.2 Fire barriers. duct penetrations and air transfer openings in
fire barriers shall be protected with approved fire dampers installed in
accordance with their listing. In addition, smoke dampers shall be
installed in penetrations of public corridor walls in accordance with
Section 607.5.2.1.
Exceptions: Fire dampers are not required at penetrations of fire
barriers where any of the following apply:
1. Penetrations are tested in accordance with ASTM E 119 as part of
the fire-resistance-rated assembly.
2. Where permitted under Section 513 and ducts are part of an
engineered smoke control system.
3. Such walls are penetrated by ducted HVAC systems, have a required
fire resistance rating of 1 hour or less, are in areas of other than
Group H and are in buildings equipped throughout with an automatic
sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2 of
the New York City Building code. For the purposes of this exception, a
ducted HVAC system shall be a duct system for the structure's HVAC
system. Such a duct system shall be constructed of sheet metal not less
than 26-Gage (0.0217-inch) [0.55 mm)] thickness and hall be continuous
from the air-handling appliance or equipment to the air outlet and inlet
terminals.
607.5.2.1 Public corridors. A listed smoke damper designed to resist
the passage of smoke shall be provided at each point a duct or air
transfer opening penetrates a public corridor wall constructed as a fire
barrier.
Exceptions:
1. Smoke dampers are not required where the building is equipped
throughout with an approved smoke control system in accordance with
Section 909, and smoke dampers are not necessary for the operation and
control of the system.
2. Smoke dampers are not required in corridor penetrations where th
duct is constructed of steel not less than 0.019-inch (0.48 mm) in
thickness and there are no openings serving the corridor.
3. Smoke dampers are not required in corridor penetrations in Group
R-2 buildings and spaces.
607.5.3 Fire partitions. Duct penetrations in fire partitions shall be
protected with approved fire dampers installed in accordance with their
listing.
Exceptions: In occupancies other than Group H, fire dampers are not
required where any of the following apply:
1. The partitions are tenant separation and corridor walls in
buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in
accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2 of the New York City
Building Code and the duct is protected as a through penetration in
accordance with the New York City Building Code.
2. The duct system is constructed of approved materials in accordance
with this code and the duct penetrating the wall meets all of the
following minimum requirements.
2.1 The duct shall not exceed 100 square inches (0.06 m{2}).
2.2. The duct shall be constructed of steel a minimum of 0.0217-inch
(0.55 mm) in thickness.
2.3. The duct shall not have openings that communicate the corridor
with adjacent spaces or rooms.
2.4. The duct shall be installed above a ceiling.
2.5. The duct shall not terminate at a wall register in the
fire-resistance-rated wall.
2.6. A minimum 12-inch-long (304.8 mm) by 0.060-inch-thick (1.52 mm)
steel sleeve shall be centered in each duct opening. The sleeve shall be
secured to both sides of the wall and all four sides of the sleeve with
minimum 1 1/2-inch by 1 1/2-inch by 0.060-inch (38 mm by 38 mm by 1.52
mm) steel retaining angles. The retaining angles shall be secured to the
sleeve and the wall with No. 10 (M5) screws. The annular space between
the steel sleeve and the wall opening shall be filled with rock
(mineral) wool batting or approved equivalent on all sides.
607.5.4 Smoke barriers. A listed smoke damper designed to resist the
passage of smoke shall be provided at each point where a duct or an air
transfer opening penetrates a smoke barrier wall enclosure required to
have smoke and draft control doors in accordance with the New York City
Building Code. Smoke dampers and smoke damper actuation methods shall
comply with Section 607.5.4.1.
Exception: Smoke dampers are not required in smoke barrier
penetrations where the openings in ducts are limited to a single smoke
compartment and the ducts are constructed of steel.
607.5.4.1 Smoke damper. The smoke damper shall close upon actuation of
a listed smoke detector or detectors installed in accordance with the
New York City Building Code and Section 607.3.2.1.
607.5.5 Shaft enclosures. Ducts and air transfer openings shall not
penetrate a shaft serving as an exit enclosure except as permitted by
Section 1019.1.2 of the New York City Building Code.
607.5.5.1 Penetrations of shaft enclosures. Shaft enclosures that are
permitted to be penetrated by ducts and air transfer openings shall be
protected with approved fire and smoke dampers installed in accordance
with their listing.
Exceptions:
1. Fire dampers are not required at penetrations of shafts where:
1.1. Steel exhaust subducts extend at least 22 inches (559 mm)
vertically in exhaust shafts provided there is a continuous airflow
upward tot he outside, or
1.2. Penetrations are tested in accordance with ASTM E 119 as part of
the fire-resistance-rated assembly, or
1.3. Ducts are used as part of an approved smoke control system
designed and installed in accordance with Section 513 of this code, and
where the fire damper will interfere with the operation of the smoke
control system, or
1.4. The penetrations are in parking garage exhaust or supply shafts
that are separated from other building shafts by not less than 2-hour
fire-resistance-rated construction.
2. In Group B occupancies, equipped throughout with an automatic
sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 of the New York
City Building Code, smoke dampers are not required at penetrations of
shafts where:
2.1. Bathroom and toilet room exhaust openings with steel exhaust
subducts, having a wall thickness of at least 0.019 inch (0.48 mm)
extend at least 22 inches (559 mm) vertically and where the exhaust fan
at the upper terminus is powered continuously in accordance with the
provisions of Section 909.11 of the New York City Building Code, and
maintains airflow upward to the outside, or
2.2. Ducts are used as part of an approved smoke control system
designed and installed in accordance with Section 909 of the New York
City Building Code, and where the smoke damper will interfere with the
operation of the smoke control system.
3. Smoke dampers are not required at penetration of exhaust or supply
shafts in ;parking garages that are separated from other building shafts
by not less than 2-hour fire-resistance-rated construction.
4. Fire dampers and/or smoke dampers shall not be required at a shaft
where the shaft is acting as an extension of the mechanical equipment
room that it serves and the shaft and mechanical equipment room maintain
fire and smoke separation required by the greater of the two spaces from
the occupied portions of the building and meet the requirements of
Section 707.11 of the New York City Building Code.
5. Smoke dampers shall not be required to be located within a
prescribed distance of a fire rated enclosure where isolation smoke
dampers are used in air-handling equipment.
6. Smoke dampers shall not be required in ducts where the air
continues to move and the air-handling system installed is arranged to
prevent recirculation of exhaust or return air under fire emergency
conditions.
607.5.5.2 Limitations. Shafts that constitute air ducts or that
enclose air ducts used for the movement of environmental air shall not
enclose:
1. Exhaust ducts used for the removal of smoke and grease-laden vapors
from cooking equipment;
2. Ducts used for removal of flammable vapors;
3. Ducts used for moving, conveying, or transporting stock, vapor or
dust;
4. Ducts used for the removal of nonflammable corrosive fumes and
vapors;
5. Refuse and linen chutes; or
6. Piping.
Exception: Shafts that constitute air ducts or that enclose air ducts
used for the movement of environmental air may enclose noncombustible
piping conveying water or other nonhazardous or nontoxic materials.
607.6 Horizontal assemblies. Penetrations by air ducts of a floor,
floor/ceiling assembly or the ceiling membrane of a roof/ceiling
assembly shall be protected by a shaft enclosure that complies with the
New York City Building Code or shall comply with this section.
607.6.1 Through penetrations. In occupancies other than Groups I-2 and
I-3, a duct and air transfer opening system constructed of approved
materials in accordance with this code that penetrates a
fire-resistance-rated floor/ceiling assembly that connects not more than
two stories is permitted without shaft enclosure protection provided a
fire damper is installed at the floor line and the penetration is
firestopped.
Exception: A duct serving a dwelling unit is permitted to penetrate
three floors or less without a fire damper at each floor provided it
meets all of the following requirements.
1. The duct shall be contained and located within the cavity of a wall
and shall be constructed of steel not less than 0.019 inch (0.48 mm)(26
gauge) in thickness.
2. The duct shall open into only one dwelling unit and the duct system
shall be continuous from the unit to the exterior of the building.
3. The duct shall not exceed 5-inch (127 mm) nominal diameter and the
total area of such ducts shall not exceed 100 square inches (64 516
mm{2}) for any 100 square feet (9.3 m{2}) of the floor area.
4. The annular space around the duct is protected with materials that
prevent the passage of flame and hot gases sufficient to ignite cotton
waste where subjected to ASTM E 119 time-temperature conditions under a
minimum positive pressure differential of 0.01 inch (2.49 Pa) of water
at the location of the penetration for the time period equivalent to the
fire-resistance rating of the construction penetrated.
5. Grille openings located in a ceiling of a fire-resistance-rated
floor/ceiling or roof/ceiling assembly shall be protected with a ceiling
radiation damper in accordance with Section 607.6.2.
607.6.2 Membrane penetrations. Where duct systems constructed of
approved materials in accordance with this code penetrate a ceiling of a
fire-resistance-rated floor/ceiling or roof/ceiling assembly, shaft
enclosure protection is not required provided an approved ceiling
radiation damper and the firestopping is installed at the ceiling line.
Where a duct is not attached to a diffuser that penetrates a ceiling of
a fire-resistance-rated floor/ceiling or roof/ceiling assembly, shaft
enclosure protection is not required provided an approved ceiling
radiation damper and firestopping is installed at the ceiling line.
Ceiling radiation dampers shall be installed in accordance with UL 555C
and constructed in accordance with the details listed in a
fire-resistance-rated assembly or shall be labeled to function as a heat
barrier for air-handling outlet/inlet penetrations in the ceiling of a
fire-resistance-rated assembly. Ceiling radiation dampers shall not be
required where ASTM E 119 fire tests have shown that ceiling radiation
dampers are not necessary in order to maintain the dire-resistance
rating of the assembly. Ceiling radiation damper shall not be required
where exhaust duct penetrations are protected in accordance with Section
712.4.2 of the New York City Building code and the exhaust ducts are
located within the cavity of a wall, and do not pass through another
dwelling unit or tenant space.
607.6.3 Nonfire-resistance-rated assemblies. Duct systems constructed
of approved materials in accordance with this code that penetrate
nonfire-resistance-rated floor assemblies that connect not more than two
stories are permitted without shaft enclosure protection provided that
the annular space between the assembly and the penetrating duct is
filled with an approved noncombustible material to resist the free
passage of flame and the products of combustion. Duct systems
constructed of approved materials in accordance with this code that
penetrate nonrated floor assemblies that connect not more than three
stories are permitted without shaft enclosure protection provided that
the annular space between the assembly and the penetrating duct is
filled with an approved noncombustible material to resist the free
passage of flame and the products of combustion, and a fire damper is
installed at each floor line.
Exception: Fire dampers are not required in ducts within individual
residential dwelling units.
607.7 Flexible ducts and air connectors. Flexible ducts and air
connectors shall not pass through any fire-resistance-rated assembly.
SECTION MC 608
AIR OUTLETS AND AIR INLETS
608.1 Air Outlets. Air outlets shall comply with sections 608.1.1
through 608.1.3.
608.1.1 General. Air supplied to any space shall not contain flammable
vapors, flyings, or dust in quantities and concentrations that would
introduce a hazardous condition.
608.1.2 Construction of air outlets. Air outlets shall be constructed
of noncombustible material or a material that has a maximum smoke
developed index/rating of 50 and a maximum flame spread index/rating of
25.
608.1.3 Location of air outlets. The location of air outlets shall
comply with the following requirements:
1. Air outlets shall be located at least 3 inches (76 mm) above the
floor.
Exception: Air outlets may be located less than 3 inches (76 mm) above
the floor where provisions have been made to prevent dirt and dust
accumulations from entering the system.
2. Where located less than 7 feet (2134 mm) above the floor, outlet
openings shall be protected by a grille or screen having openings
through which a 1/2-inch (12.7 mm) sphere cannot pass.
3. Grilles may be located in floors provided they are installed so
that they may be removed for cleaning purposes and provided they are
constructed as follows:
3.1. Grilles up to 3 square feet (0.2787 m{2}) in gross area shall be
designed to support a concentrated live load of 250 pounds (114 kg) on
any 4 square inches (2580mm{2}) of surface.
3.2 Grilles over 3 square feet (0.2787 m{2}) in gross area shall be
designed to support the same loads as the floor in the area where used.
3.3 If located where they may be walked upon, the opening in grilles
shall reject a 1/2-inch (12.7 mm) sphere.
608.2 Air inlets 9return or exhaust or return and exhaust). Air inlets
shall be constructed in accordance with 608.2.1 through 608.2.3.
608.2.1 General. Air shall not be recirculated from any space in which
flammable vapors, flyings, or dust is present in quantities and
concentrations that would introduce a hazardous condition into the
return air system.
608.2.2 Construction of air inlets. Air inlets shall be constructed of
noncombustible material or a material that has a maximum flame spread
index/rating or 25 and a maximum smoke developed index/rating of 50.
608.2.3 Location of air inlets. The location of air inlets shall
comply with the following requirements.
1. Air inlets shall be located at least 3 inches (76 mm) above the
floor.
Exception: Air inlets may be located less than 3 inches (76 mm) above
the floor where provisions have been made to prevent dirt and dust
accumulations from entering the system.
2. Where located less than 7 feet (2134 mm) above the floor, inlet
openings shall be protected by a grille or screens having openings
through which a 1/2-inch (12,7 mm) sphere cannot pass.
3. Grilles may be located in floors provided they are installed so
that they may be removed for cleaning purposes and provided they are
constructed as follows:
3.1. Grilles up to 3 square feet (0.2787 m{2}) in gross area shall be
designed to support a concentrated live load of 250 pounds 9114 kg) on
any 4 square inches (2580 mm{2}) of surface.
3.2. Grilles over 3 square feet (0.2787 m{2}) in gross area shall be
designed to support the same loads as the floor in the area where used.
3.3 If located where they may be walked upon, the opening in grilles
shall reject a 1/2-inch (12.7 mm) sphere.
SECTION MC 609
SERVICE OPENINGS
609.1 General. Horizontal air ducts and plenums shall be provided with
service openings to facilitate the removal of accumulations of dust and
combustible materials. Service openings shall be located at
approximately 20 feet (6096 mm) intervals along the air duct and at the
base of each vertical riser.
Exceptions:
1. Removable air outlet or air inlet devices of adequate size shall be
permitted in lieu of service openings.
2. Service openings shall not be required in supply ducts where the
supply air has previously passed through an air filter, air cleaner, or
water spray. Such air filters and air cleaners shall be properly
maintained and replaced when needed.
3. Service openings shall not be required where all of the following
conditions exist:
3.1. The occupancy has no process producing combustible material such
as dust, or greasy vapors. Such occupancies include banks, office
buildings, houses of worship, hotels, and health care facilities (but
not kitchens, laundries, and manufacturing portions of such facilities).
3.2. The air inlets are at least 7 feet (2134 mm) above the floor or
are protected by corrosion-resistant metal screens of at least 14 mesh
(0.07 inches) (1.8 mm) that are installed at the inlets so that they
cannot draw papers, refuse, or other combustible solids into the return
air duct.
3.3. The minimum design velocity in the return duct for the particular
occupancy is 1000 feet/minute (5.080 m/s).
CHAPTER 7
COMBUSTION AIR
SECTION MC 701
GENERAL
701.1 Scope. The provisions of this chapter shall govern the
requirements for combustion and dilution air for fuel-burning appliances
other than gas-fired appliances. The requirements for combustion and
dilution air for gas-fired appliances shall be in accordance with the
New York City Fuel Gas Code.
701.2 Combustion and dilution air required. Every room or space
containing fuel-burning appliances shall be provided with combustion and
dilution air as required by this code. Combustion and dilution air shall
be provided in accordance with Section 702, 703, 704, 705, 706 or 707.
Direct vent appliances or equipment that do not draw combustion air from
inside of the building are not required to be considered in the
determination of the combustion and dilution air requirements.
Combustion air requirements shall be determined based on the
simultaneous operation of all fuel-burning appliances drawing combustion
and dilution air from the room or space. The combustion air system shall
maintain the room in which the equipment is located at a pressure not
less than the outdoor atmosphere pressure.
701.3 Circulation of air. The equipment and appliances within every
room containing fuel-burning appliances shall be installed so as to
allow free circulation of air. Provisions shall be made to allow for the
simultaneous operation of mechanical exhaust systems, fireplaces or
other equipment and appliances operating in the same room or space from
which combustion and dilution air is being drawn. Such provisions shall
prevent the operation of such appliances, equipment and systems from
affecting the supply of combustion and dilution air.
701.4 Crawl space and attic space. For the purposes of this chapter,
an opening to a naturally ventilated crawl space or attic space shall be
considered equivalent to an opening to the outdoors.
701.4.1 Crawl space. Where lower combustion air openings connect with
crawl spaces, such spaces shall have unobstructed openings to the
outdoors at least twice that required for the combustion air openings.
The height of the crawl space shall comply with the requirements of the
New York City Building Code and shall be without obstruction to the free
flow of air.
701.4.2 Attic space. Where combustion air is obtained from an attic
area, the attic ventilating openings shall not be subject to ice or snow
blockage, and the attic shall have not less than 30 inches (762 mm)
vertical clear height at its maximum point. Attic ventilation openings
shall be sufficient to provide the required volume of combustion air and
the attic ventilation required by the New York City Building Code. The
combustion air openings shall be provided with a sleeve of not less than
0.019 inch (0.48 mm) (No. 26 Gage) galvanized steel or other approved
material extending from the appliance enclosure to at least 6 inches
(152 mm) above the top of the ceiling joists and insulation.
701.5 Prohibited sources. Openings and ducts shall not connect
appliance enclosures with a space in which the operation of a fan will
adversely affect the flow of the combustion air. Combustion air shall
not be obtained from a hazardous location, except where the fuel-fired
appliances are located within the hazardous location and are installed
in accordance with this code. Combustion air shall not be taken from a
refrigeration machinery room, except where a refrigerant vapor detector
system is installed to automatically shut off the combustion process in
the event of refrigerant leakage. For structures in areas of special
flood hazard, air shall be obtained from a location complying with
Appendix G of the New York City Building Code. Combustion air shall be
obtained solely from the outdoors for a boiler room.
SECTION MC 702
INSIDE AIR
702.1 All air from indoors. Combustion and dilution air shall be
permitted to be obtained entirely from the indoors in buildings that are
not of unusually tight construction. In buildings of unusually tight
construction, combustion air shall be obtained from the outdoors in
accordance with Section 703, 705, 706 or 707.
702.2 Air from the same room or space. The room or space containing
fuel-burning appliances shall be an unconfined space as defined in
Section 202.
702.3 Air from adjacent spaces. Where the volume of the room in which
the fuel-burning appliances are located does not comply with Section
702.2, additional inside combustion and dilution air shall be obtained
by opening the room to adjacent spaces so that the combined volume of
all communicating spaces meet the volumetric requirement of Section
702.2. Openings connecting the spaces shall comply with Sections
702.3.1, 702.3.2 and Figure A-1 of Appendix A of this code.
702.3.1 Number and location of openings. Two openings shall be
provided, one within 1 foot (305 mm) of the ceiling of the room and one
within 1 foot (305 mm) of the floor.
702.3.2 Size of openings. The net free area of each opening,
calculated in accordance with Section 708, shall be a minimum of 1
square inch per 1,000 Btue/h (2201 mm{2}kW) of input rating of the
fuel-burning appliances drawing combustion and dilution air from the
communicating spaces and shall be not less than 100 square inches (64
516 mm{2}).
SECTION MC 703
OUTDOOR AIR
703.1 All air from the outdoors. Where all combustion and dilution air
is to be provided by outdoor air, the required combustion and dilution
air shall be obtained by opening the room to the outdoors. Openings
connecting the room to the outdoor air shall comply with Sections
703.1.1 through 703.1.4, and Figures A-2, A-3 and A-4 of Appendix A of
this code. The size of the openings connecting the room to the outdoor
air supply shall also comply with any applicable rules of the New York
City Department of Environmental Protection.
703.1.1 Number and location of openings. Two openings shall be
provided, one within 1 foot (305 mm) of the ceiling of the room and one
within 1 foot (305 mm) of the floor.
703.1.2 Size of direct openings. The net free area of each direct
opening to the outdoors, calculated in accordance with Section 709,
shall be a minimum of 1 square inch per 4,000 Btu/h (550 mm{2}/kW) of
combined input rating of the fuel-burning appliances drawing combustion
and dilution air from the room.
703.1.3 Size of horizontal openings. The net free area of each
opening, calculated in accordance with Section 709 and connected to the
outdoors through a horizontal duct, shall be a minimum of 1 square inch
per 2,000 Btu/h (1100 mm{2}/kW) of combined input rating of the
fuel-burning appliances drawing combustion and dilution air from the
room. The cross-sectional area of the duct shall be equal to or greater
than the required size of the opening.
SECTION MC 704
COMBINED USE OF INSIDE AND OUTDOOR AIR (CONDITION 1)
704.1 Combination of air from inside and outdoors. This section shall
apply only to appliances located in confined spaces in buildings not of
unusually tight construction. Where the volumes of rooms and spaces are
combined for the purpose of providing indoor combustion air, such rooms
and spaces shall communicate through permanent openings in compliance
with Sections 702.3.1 and 702.3.2. The required combustion and dilution
air shall be obtained by opening the room to the outdoors using a
combination of inside and outdoor air, prorated in accordance with
Section 704.1.6. The ratio of interior spaces shall comply with Section
704.1.5. The number, location and ratios of openings connecting the
space with the outdoor air shall comply with Sections 704.1.1 through
704.1.4.
704.1.1 Number and location of openings. At least two openings shall
be provided, one within 1 foot (305 mm) of the ceiling of the room and
one within 1 foot (305 mm) of the floor.
704.1.2 Ratio of direct openings. Where direct openings to the
outdoors are provided in accordance with Section 703.1, the ratio of
direct openings shall be the sum of the net free areas of both direct
openings to the outdoors, divided by the sum of the required areas for
both such openings as determined in accordance with Section 703.1.2.
704.1.3 Ratio of horizontal openings. Where openings connected to the
outdoors through horizontal ducts are provided in accordance with
Section 703.1, the ratio of horizontal openings shall be the sum of the
net free areas of both such openings, divided by the sum of the required
areas for both such openings as determined in accordance with Section
703.1.3.
704.1.4 Ratio of vertical openings. Where openings connected to the
outdoors through vertical ducts are provided in accordance with Section
703.1, the ratio of vertical openings shall be the sum of the net free
areas of both such openings, divided by the sum of the required areas
for both such openings as determined in accordance with Section 703.1.4.
704.1.5 Ratio of interior spaces. The ratio of interior spaces shall
be the available volume of all communicating spaces, divided by the
required volume as determined in accordance with Sections 702.2 and
702.3.
704.1.6 Prorating of inside and outdoor air. In spaces that utilize a
combination of inside and outdoor air, the sum of the ratios of all
direct openings, horizontal openings, vertical openings and interior
spaces shall equal or exceed 1.
SECTION MC 705
COMBINED USE OF INSIDE AND OUTDOOR AID (CONDITION 2)
705.1 General. This section shall apply only to appliances located in
unconfined spaces in buildings of unusually tight construction.
Combustion air supplied by a combined use of indoor and outdoor air
shall be supplied through openings and ducts extending to the appliance
room or to the vicinity of the appliance.
705.1.1 Openings and supply ducts. Openings shall be provided, located
and sized in accordance with Sections 702.3.1 and 702.3.2; additionally,
there shall be one opening to the outdoors having a free area of at
least 1 square inch per 5,000 Btu/h (440 mm{2}/kW) of total input of all
appliances in the space.
SECTION MC 706
FORCED COMBUSTION AIR SUPPLY
706.1 Rate of air supplied. Where all combustion air and dilution air
is provided by a mechanical forced-air system, the combustion air and
dilution air shall be supplied at the minimum rate of 1 cfm per 2,400
Btu/h [0.00067 m{3}/(s kW)] of combined input rating of all the
fuel-burning appliances served. Combustion air rates shall also comply
with any applicable rules of the New York City Department of
Environmental Protection.
SECTION MC 707
DIRECT CONNECTION
707.1 General. Fuel-burning appliances that are listed and labeled for
direct combustion air connection to the outdoors shall be installed in
accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions.
SECTION MC 708
COMBUSTION AIR DUCTS
708.1 General. Combustion air ducts shall:
1. Be of galvanized steel complying with Chapter 6 or of equivalent
corrosion-resistant material approved for this application.
Exception: Within dwelling units, unobstructed stud and joist spaces
shall not be prohibited from conveying combustion air, provided that not
more than one required fireblock is removed.
2. Have a minimum cross-sectional dimension of 3 inches (76 mm).
3. Terminate in an unobstructed space allowing free movement of
combustion air to the appliances.
4. Have the same cross-sectional areas as the free area of the
openings to which they connect.
5. Serve a single appliance enclosure.
6. not serve both upper and lower combustion air openings where both
such openings are used. The separation between ducts serving upper and
lower combustion air opening shall be maintained to the source of
combustion air.
7. Not be screened where terminating in an attic space.
8. Not slope downward toward the source of combustion air, where
serving the upper required combustion air opening.
SECTION MC 709
OPENING OBSTRUCTIONS
709.1 General. The required size of openings for combustion and
dilution air shall be based on the net free area of each opening. The
net free area of an opening shall be that specified by the manufacturer
of the opening covering. In the absence of such information, openings
covered with metal louvers shall be deemed to have a net free areas of
60 percent of the area of the opening, and openings covered with wood
louvers shall be deemed to have net free area of 10 percent of the area
of the opening. Louvers and grills shall be fixed in the open position.
Exception: Louvers interlocked with the appliance so that they are
proven to be in the full open position prior to main burner ignition and
during main burner operation. Means shall be provided to prevent the
main burner from igniting if the louvers fail to open during burner
startup and to shut down the main burner if the louvers close during
operation.
709.2 Dampered openings. Where the combustion air openings are
provided with volume, smoke or fire dampers, the dampers shall be
electrically interlocked with the firing cycle of the appliances served,
so as to prevent operation of any appliance that draws combustion and
dilution air from the room when any of the dampers are closed. Manually
operated dampers shall not be installed in combustion air openings.
SECTION MC 710
OPENING LOCATION AND PROTECTION
710.1 General. Combustion air openings to the outdoors shall comply with
the location and protection provisions of Sections 401.5 and 401.6
applicable to outside air intake openings.
CHAPTER 8
CHIMNEYS AND VENTS
SECTION MC 801
GENERAL
801.1 Scope. This chapter shall govern the installation, maintenance,
design, minimum safety requirements, repair and approval of
factory-built chimneys, chimney liners, vents and connectors, and field
built chimneys and connectors. This chapter shall also govern the
utilization of masonry chimneys. Gas-fired appliances shall be vented in
accordance with the New York City Fuel Gas Code.
801.1.1 Adjoining chimneys and vents. Adjoining chimneys and vents
shall be in accordance with Sections 801.1.1.1 through 801.1.1.8.
801.1.1.1 Responsibility of owner of taller building. Whenever a
building is erected, enlarged, or increased in height so that any
portion of such building, except chimneys or vents, extends higher than
the top of any previously constructed chimneys or vents within 100 feet
(30 480 mm), the owner of such new or altered building shall have the
responsibility of altering such chimneys or vents to make them conform
with the requirements of this chapter. A chimney or vent that is no
longer connected with a fireplace or combustion or other equipment for
which a chimney or vent was required, shall be exempt from this
requirement. Such alterations shall be accomplished by one of the
following means or a combination thereof:
1. Carry up the previously constructed chimneys or vents to the height
required in this chapter. Offset such chimneys or vents to a distance
beyond that required in Chapter 5 of this code from the new or altered
building provided that the new location of the outlet of the offset
chimney or vent shall otherwise comply with the requirements of this
chapter.
Such requirements shall not dispense with or modify any additional
requirements that may be applicable pursuant to rules of the New York
City Department of Environmental Protection.
801.1.1.2 Protection of draft. After the alteration of a chimney or
vent as required by this section, it shall be the responsibility of the
owner of the new or altered building to provide any mechanical equipment
or devices necessary to maintain the proper draft in the equipment.
801.1.1.3 Written notification. The owner of the new or altered
building shall notify the owner of the building affected in writing at
least forty-five days before starting the work required and request
written consent to do such work. Such notice shall be companied by plans
indicating the manner in which the proposed alterations are to be made.
801.1.1.4 Approval. The plans and method of alteration shall be
subject to the approval of the commissioner.
801.1.1.5 Refusal of consent. If consent is not granted by the owner
of the previously constructed building to do the alteration work
required by this section, such owner shall signify her or her refusal in
writing to the owner of the new or altered building and to the
commissioner; and the owner of the new or altered building having
submitted plans that conform to the requirements of this section, shall
thereupon be released from any responsibility for the proper operation
of the equipment due to loss of draft and for any health hazard or
nuisance that may occur as a result of the new or altered building. Such
responsibilities shall then be assumed by the owner of the previously
constructed building. Similarly, should such owner fail to grant
consent within forty-five days from the date of written request or fail
to signify his or her refusal, he or she shall then assume all
responsibilities as prescribed above.
801.1.1.6 Procedure. It shall be the obligation of the owner of the
new or altered building to:
1. Schedule this work so as to create a minimum of disturbance to the
occupants of the affected building; and
2. Provide such essential services as are normally supplied by the
equipment while it is out of service; and
3. Where necessary, support such extended chimneys, vents and
equipment from this building or to carry up such chimneys or vents
within his or her building; and
4. Provide for the maintenance, repair, and/or replacement of such
extensions and added equipment; and
5. Make such alterations of the same material as the original chimney
or vent so as to maintain the same quality and appearance, except where
the affected owner of the chimney or vent shall give his or her consent
to do otherwise. All work shall be done in such fashion as to maintain
the architectural aesthetics of the existing building. Where there is
practical difficulty in complying strictly with the provisions of this
Item, the commissioner may permit an equally safe alternative.
801.1.1.7 Existing violations. Any existing violations on the
previously constructed equipment shall be corrected by the owner of the
equipment before any equipment is added or alterations made at the
expense of the owner of the new or altered building.
801.1.1.8 Variance. The commissioner may grant a variance in
accordance with the provisions of this code.
801.2 General. Every fuel-burning appliance shall discharge the
products of combustion to a vent, factory-built chimney or masonry
chimney, except for appliances vented in accordance with Section 804.
The chimney or vent shall be designed for the type of appliance being
vented.
801.2.1 Design. Chimneys and vents shall be designed and constructed
so as to provide the necessary draft and capacity for each appliance
connected to completely exhaust the products of combustion to the
outside air. The temperature on adjacent combustible surfaces shall not
be raised above 160°F (71°C). Condensation shall not be developed to an
extent that can cause deterioration of the chimney or vent.
801.2.2 Outlets. The outlet shall be arranged that the flue gases are
not directed so that they jeopardize people, overheat combustible
structures, or enter building openings in the vicinity of the outlet.
801.2.3 Support. Chimneys and vents shall not be supported by the
equipment they serve unless such equipment has been specifically
designed for such loads.
801.2.4 Oil-fired appliances. Oil-fired appliances shall be vented in
accordance with this code and NFPA 31.
801.2.5 Gas fired appliances. Gas fired appliances shall be vented in
accordance with the New York City Fuel Gas Code.
801.3 Masonry chimneys. Masonry chimneys shall be constructed in
accordance with the New York City Building Code.
801.4 Positive flow. Venting systems shall be designed and constructed
so as to develop a positive flow adequate to convey all combustion
products to the outside atmosphere.
801.5 Design. Venting systems shall be designed in accordance with
this chapter and comply with the requirements of the New York City Air
Pollution Control Code.
801.6 Minimum size of chimney or vent. Except as otherwise provided
for in this chapter, the size of the chimney or vent, serving a single
appliance, except engineered systems, shall have a minimum area equal to
the area of the appliance connection.
801.7 Solid fuel appliance flues. The cross-sectional area of a flue
serving a solid fuel-burning appliance shall be not greater than three
times the cross-sectional area of the appliance flue collar or flue
outlet.
801.8 Abandoned inlet openings. Abandoned inlet openings in chimneys
and vents shall be closed by an approved method, sealed air-tight and
permanently labeled as abandoned.
801.9 Positive pressure. Where an appliance equipped with a forced or
induced draft system creates a positive pressure in the venting system,
the venting system shall be designed and listed for positive pressure
applications.
801.10 Connection to fireplace. Connection of appliances to chimney
flues serving fireplaces shall be in accordance with Sections 801.10.1
through 801.10.3.
801.10.1 Closure and access. A noncombustible seal shall be provided
below the point of connection to prevent entry of room air into the
flue. Means shall be provided for access to the flue for inspection and
cleaning.
801.10.2 Connection to factory-built fireplace flue. An appliance
shall not be connected to a flue serving a factory-built fireplace
unless the appliance is specifically listed for such installation The
connection shall be made in accordance with the appliance manufacturer's
installation instructions.
801.10.3 Connection t masonry fireplace flue. A connector shall extend
from the appliance to the flue serving a masonry fireplace such that the
flue gases are exhausted directly into the flue. The connector shall be
provided with access or shall be removable for inspection and cleaning
of both the connector and the flue. Listed direct connection devices
shall be installed in accordance with their listing.
801.11 Multiple solid fuel prohibited. A solid fuel-burning appliance
of fireplace shall not connect to a chimney passageway venting another
fireplace.
801.12 Chimney entrance. Connectors shall connect to a chimney flue at
a point not less than 12 inches (305 mm) above the lowest portion of the
interior of the chimney flue.
801.13 Cleanouts. Masonry chimney flues shall be provided with a
cleanout opening having a minimum height of 6 inches (152 mm). The upper
edge of the opening shall be located not less than 6 inches (152 mm)
below the lowest chimney inlet opening. The cleanout shall be provided
with a tight-fitting, noncombustible cover of a minimum size of 8 inches
(203 mm by 203 mm).
Exception: Cleanouts shall not be required for chimney flues serving
masonry fireplaces, if such flues are provided with access through the
fireplace opening.
801.14 Connections to exhauster. All appliance connections to a
chimney or vent equipped with a power exhauster shall be made on the
inlet side of the exhauster. All joints and piping on the positive
pressure side of the exhauster shall be listed for positive pressure
applications as specified by the manufacturer's installation
instructions for the exhauster.
801.15 Fuel-fired appliances. Masonry chimneys utilized to vent
fuel-fired appliances shall be located, constructed and sized as
specified in the manufacturer's installation instructions for the
appliances being vented.
801.16 Flue lining. Masonry chimneys shall be lined. The lining
material shall be compatible with the type of appliance connected, in
accordance with the appliance listing and the manufacturer's
installation instructions. Listed materials used as flue linings shall
be installed in accordance with their listings and the manufacturer's
installation instructions.
801.16.1 Residential and low-heat appliances (general). Flue lining
systems for use with residential-type and low-heat appliances shall be
limited to the following:
1. Clay flue lining complying with the requirements of ASTM C 315 or
equivalent. Clay flue lining shall be installed in accordance with the
New York City Building Code.
2. Listed chimney lining systems complying with UL 1777.
3. Other approved materials that will resist, without cracking,
softening or corrosion, flue gases and condensate at temperatures up to
1,800°F (982°C).
801.17 Space around lining. The space surrounding a flue lining system
or other vent installed within a masonry chimney shall not be used to
vent any other appliance. This shall not prevent the installation of a
separate flue lining in accordance with the manufacturer's installation
instructions and this code.
801.18 Existing chimneys and vents. Where an appliance is permanently
disconnected from an existing chimney or vent, or where an appliance is
connected to an existing chimney or vent during the process of a new
installation, the chimney or vent shall comply with Sections 801.18.1
through 801.18.4.
801.18.1 Size. The chimney or vent shall be resized as necessary to
control flue gas condensation in the interior of the chimney or vent and
to provide the appliance or appliances served with the required draft.
For the venting of oil-fired appliances to masonry chimneys, the
resizing shall be in accordance with NFPA 31.
801.18.2 Flue passageways. The flue gas passageway shall be free of
obstructions and combustible deposits and shall be cleaned if previously
used for venting a solid or liquid fuel-burning appliance or fireplace.
The flue liner, chimney innerwall or vent innerwall shall be continuous
and shall be free of cracks, gaps, perforations or other damage or
deterioration which would allow the escape of combustion products,
including gases, moisture and creosote.
Where an oil-fired appliance is connected to an existing masonry
chimney, such chimney flue shall be repaired or relined in accordance
with NFPA 31.
801.18.3 Cleanout. Masonry chimneys shall be provided with a cleanout
opening complying with Section 801.13.
801.18.4 Clearance. Chimneys and vents shall have air-space clearance
to combustibles in accordance with the New York City Building Code and
the chimney or vent manufacturer's installation instructions.
Exception: Masonry chimneys equipped with a chimney lining system
tested and listed for installation in chimneys in contact with
combustibles in accordance with US 1777, and installed in accordance
with the manufacturer's instructions, shall not be required to have
clearance between combustible materials and exterior surfaces of the
masonry chimney. Noncombustible fireblocking shall be provided in
accordance with the New York City Building Code.
801.19 Multistory prohibited. Common venting systems for appliances
located on more than one floor level shall be prohibited, except where
all of the appliances served by the common vent are located in rooms or
spaces that are accessed only from the outdoors. The appliance
enclosures shall not communicate with the occupiable areas of the
building.
801.20 Reserved.
SECTION MC 802
VENTS
802.1 General. All vent systems shall be listed and labeled or field
fabricated in accordance with NFPA 211. Type L vents shall be tested in
accordance with UL 641.
802.2 Vent application. The application of vents shall be in
accordance with Table 802.2.
TABLE 802.2
VENT APPLICATION
------------------------------------------------------------------------
VENT TYPES | APPLIANCE TYPES
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Type L oil vents | Oil-burning appliances listed and labeled for
| venting with Type L vents; gas appliances listed
| and labeled for venting with Type B vents.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
802.3 Installation. Vent systems shall be sized, installed and
terminated in accordance with the vent and appliance manufacturer's
installation instructions.
802.4 Vent termination caps. Vent termination caps shall not be
permitted and a 2 1/2-inch (64 mm) minimum drain installed to receive
condensed water shall be required. A positive means shall be provided to
prevent water from entering the appliance.
802.5 Type L vent terminations. Type L vents shall terminate not less
than 2 feet (610 mm) above the highest point of the roof penetration and
not less than 2 feet (610 mm) higher than any portion of a building
within 10 feet (3048 mm). Chimneys serving appliances less than 600°F
(316°C) shall extend at least 3 feet (914 mm) above the highest
construction, such as a roof ridge, parapet wall, or penthouse, within
10 feet (3048 mm) of the chimney outlet, whether the construction is on
the same buildings as the chimney or on another building. Any chimney
located in an area that is more than 10 feet (3048 mm) from such
construction but not more than the distance determined by Equation 8-1
and Table 8032.5, shall be at least as high as the highest construction
in such area. For purposes of determining the required height of the
chimney, such construction does not include other chimneys, vents, or
open structural framing.
D = F x -vA (Equation 8-1)
where: D = Distance, in feet, measured from the center of the chimney
outlet to the nearest edge of the construction.
F = Value determined from Table 802.5.
A = Free area, in square inches, of chimney flue space.
TABLE 802.5
"F" FACTOR FOR DETERMINING CHIMNEY DISTANCE
------------------------------------------------------------------------
"F" FACTOR FOR DETERMINING CHIMNEY DISTANCE
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Type of Fuel | "F" Factor
------------------------------------------------------------------------
|600°F (316°C) and| 600°F (316°C) to| Greater than
| less | 1000°F (538°C) | (538°C) 1000°F
------------------------------------------------------------------------
No. 2 Fuel Oil | 2.5 | 2.5 | 3
------------------------------------------------------------------------
No. 4, 6 Fuel Oil | 3 | 3 | 3
------------------------------------------------------------------------
802.6 Minimum vent heights. Vents shall terminate not less than 5 feet
(1524 mm) in vertical height above the highest connected appliance flue
collar.
Exceptions:
1. Venting systems of direct vent appliance shall be installed in
accordance with the appliance and the vent manufacturer's instructions.
2. Appliances listed for outdoor installations incorporating integral
venting means shall be installed in accordance with their listings and
the manufacturer's installation instructions.
802.7 Support of vents. All portions of vents shall be adequately
supported for the design and weight of the materials employed.
802.8 Insulation shield. Where vents pass through insulated
assemblies, an insulation shield constructed of not less than No. 26
Gage sheet metal shall be installed to provide clearance between the
vent and the insulation material. The clearance shall be not less than
the clearance to combustibles specified by the vent manufacturer's
installation instructions. Where vents pass through attic space, the
shield shall terminate not less than 2 inches (51 mm) above the
insulation materials and shall be secured in place to prevent
displacement. Insulation shields provided as part of a listed vent
system shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's
installation instructions.
SECTION MC 803
CONNECTORS
803.1 Connectors required. Connectors shall be used to connect
appliances to the vertical chimney or vent, except where the chimney or
vent is attached directly to the appliance.
803.2 Location. Connectors shall be located entirely within the room
in which the connecting appliance is located, except as provided for in
Section 803.10.4. Where passing through an unheated space, a connector
shall not be constructed of single-wall pipe.
803.3 Size. The connector shall not be smaller than the size of the
flue collar supplied by the manufacturer of the appliance. Where the
appliance has more than on flue outlet, and in the absence of the
manufacturer's specific instructions, the connector area shall be not
less than the combined are of the flue outlets for which it acts as a
common connector.
803.4 Branch connections. All branch connections to the vent connector
shall be made in accordance with the vent manufacturer's instructions.
803.5 Manual dampers. Manual dampers shall not be installed in
connectors except in chimney connectors servings solid fuel-burning
appliances.
803.6 Automatic dampers. Automatic dampers shall be listed and labeled
in accordance with UL 17 for oil-fired heating appliances. The dampers
shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation
instructions. An automatic vent damper device shall not be installed on
an existing appliance unless the appliance is listed and labeled and the
device is installed in accordance with the terms of its listing. The
name of the installer and date of installation shall be marked on a
label affixed to the damper device.
803.7 Connectors serving two or more appliances. Where two or more
connectors enter a common vent or chimney, the smaller connector shall
enter at the highest level consistent with available headroom or
clearance to combustible material.
803.8 Vent connector construction. Vent connectors shall be construed
of metal. The minimum nominal thickness of the connector shall be 0.019
inch (0.5 mm) (No. 28 Gage) for galvanized steel, 0.022 inch (0.6 mm)
(No. 26 B & S Gage) for copper, and 0.020 inch (0.5 mm) No. 24 B & S
Gage) for aluminum.
803.9 Chimney connector construction. Chimney connectors for low-heat
appliances shall be of sheet steel pipe having resistance to corrosion
and heat not less than that of galvanized steel specified in Table
803.9(1). Connectors for medium-heat appliance and high-heat appliances
shall be of sheet steel not less than the thickness specified in Table
803.9(2).
TABLE 803.9(1)
MINIMUM CHIMNEY CONNECTOR THICKNESS FOR
LOW-HEAT APPLIANCES
-----------------------------------------------------------
| MINIMUM NOMINAL THICKNESS
DIAMETER OF CONNECTOR | (galvanized)
(inches) | (inches)
-----------------------------------------------------------
5 and smaller | 0.022 (No. 26 Gage)
-----------------------------------------------------------
Larger than 5 and up to 10 | 0.028 (No. 24 Gage)
-----------------------------------------------------------
Larger than 10 and up to 16 | 0.034 (No. 22 Gage)
-----------------------------------------------------------
Larger than 16 | 0.064 (No. 16 Gage)
-----------------------------------------------------------
For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm.
TABLE 803.9(2)
MINIMUM CHIMNEY CONNECTOR THICKNESS FOR
MEDIUM- AND HIGH-HEAT APPLIANCES
---------------------------------------------------------------------
| EQUIVALENT ROUND | MINIMUM NOMINAL
AREA | DIAMETER | THICKNESS
(square inches) | (inches) | (inches)
---------------------------------------------------------------------
0-154 | 0-14 | 0.060 (No. 16 Gage)
---------------------------------------------------------------------
155-201 | 15-16 | 0.075 (No. 14 Gage)
---------------------------------------------------------------------
202-254 | 17-18 | 0.105 (No. 12 Gage)
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Greater than 254 | Greater than 18 | 0.135 (No. 10 Gage)
---------------------------------------------------------------------
For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 square inch = 645.16 mm{2}.
803.10 Installation. Connectors shall be installed in accordance with
Sections 803.10.1 through 803.10.6.
803.10.1 Supports and joints. Connectors shall be supported in an
approved manner, and joints shall be fastened with sheet metal screws,
rivets or other approved means.
803.10.2 Length. The maximum horizontal length of a single-wall
connector shall not affect the capability of the system to produce
adequate draft.
803.10.3 Connection. The connector shall extend to the inner face of
the chimney or vent liner, but not beyond. A connector entering a
masonry chimney shall be cemented to masonry in an approved manner.
Where thimbles are installed to facilitate removal of the connector from
the masonry chimney, the thimble shall be permanently cemented in place
with high-temperature cement.
803.10.4 Connector pass-through. Chimney connectors shall not pass
through any floor or ceiling, nor through a fire-resistance-rated wall
assembly. Chimney connectors for domestic-type appliances shall not pass
through walls or partitions constructed of combustible material to reach
a masonry chimney unless:
1. The connector is labeled for wall pass-through and is installed in
accordance with the manufacturer's instructions; or
2. The connector is put through a device labeled for wall
pass-through; or
3. The connector has a diameter not larger than 10 inches (254 mm) and
is installed in accordance with one of the methods in Table 830.10.4.
Concealed metal parts of the pass-through system in contact with flue
gases shall be of stainless steel or equivalent material that resist
corrosion, softening or cracking up to 1,800°F (980°C).
TABLE 803.10.4
CHIMNEY CONNECTOR SYSTEMS AND CLEARANCES
TO COMBUSTIBLE WALL MATERIALS FOR
DOMESTIC HEATING APPLIANCES{a, b, c, d}
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
| A 3.5-inch-thick brick wall shall be framed into
| the combustible wall. A 0.625-inch-thick fire-
| clay liner (ASTM C 315 or equivalent){e} shall be
System A | firmly cemented in the center of the brick wall
(12-inch | maintaining a 12-inch clearance to combustibles.
clearance) | The clay liner shall run from the outer surface
| of the bricks to the inner surface of the chimney
| liner.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
| A labeled solid-insulated factory-built chimney
| section (1-inch insulation) the same inside
| diameter as the connector shall be utilized. Sheet
| metal supports cut to maintain a 9-inch clearance
System B | to combustibles shall be fastened to the wall
(9-inch | surface and to the chimney section. Fasteners
clearance) | shall not penetrate the chimney flue liner. The
| chimney length shall be flush with the masonry
| chimney liner and sealed to the masonry with
| water-insolvable refractory cement. Chimney
| manufacturers' parts shall be utilized to
| securely fasten the chimney connector to
| the chimney connector to the chimney section.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
| A sheet metal (minimum number 24 Gage)
| ventilated thirable having two 1-inch air
| channels shall be installed with a sheet
System C | steel chimney connector (minimum number 24
(6-inch | Gage). Sheet steel supports (minimum number
clearance) | 24 Gage) shall be cut to maintain a 6-inch
| clearance between the thimble and combustibles.
| One side of the support shall be fastened to
|3the wall on all sides. Glass-fiber insulation
|3shall fill the 6-inch space between the thimble
| and the supports.
| A labeled solid-insulated factory-built
| chimney section (1-inch insulation) with a
| diameter 2 inches larger than the chimney
| connector shall be installed with a sheet
| steel chimney connector (minimum number 24
System D | Gage). Sheet metal supports shall be positioned
(2-inch | to maintain a 2-inch clearance to combustibles
clearance) | and to hold the chimney connector to ensure
| that a 1-inch airspace surrounds the chimney
| connector through the chimney section. The
| steel support shall be fastened to the wall on
| all sides and the chimney section shall be
| fastened to the supports. Fasteners shall not
| penetrate the liner of the chimney section.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm. 1.0 Btu x in/fr{2} * h °F = 0.144 W/m{2} *
K.
a. Insulation material that is part of the wall pass-through system
shall be noncombustible and shall have a thermal conductivity of 1.0
Btuxin/ft{2}*h * °F or less.
b. All clearances and thicknesses are minimums.
803.10.5 Pitch. Connectors shall rise vertically to the chimney or
vent with a minimum pitch equal to one-fourth unit vertical in 12 units
horizontal (2-percent slope).
803.10.6 Clearances. Connectors shall have a minimum clearance to
combustibles in accordance with Table 803.10.6. The clearances specified
in Table 803.10.6 apply, except where the listing and labeling of an
appliance specifies a different clearance, in which case the labeled
clearance shall apply. The clearance to combustibles for connectors
shall be reduced only in accordance with Section 308 or via the use of a
listed chimney or vent connector system.
TABLE 803.10.6
CONNECTOR CLEARANCES TO COMBUSTIBLES
-----------------------------------------------------------------
| MINIMUM CLEARANCE
TYPE OF APPLIANCE | (inches)
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Domestic-type appliances
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Chimney and vent connectors |
Electric and oil incinerators | 18
Oil and solid fuel appliances | 18
Oil appliances labeled for venting |
with with Type L vents | 9
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Commercial, industrial-type appliance
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Low-heat appliances |
Chimney connectors |
Oil and solid fuel boilers, fumaces |
and water heaters | 18
Oil unit heaters | 18
Other low-heat industrial appliances | 18
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Medium-heat appliances |
Chimney connectors |
All oil and solid fuel appliances | 36
-----------------------------------------------------------------
High-heat appliances | In accordance
Masonry or metal connectors | with NFPA211
All oil and solid fuel appliances |
-----------------------------------------------------------------
SECTION MC 804
DIRECT-VENT, INTEGRAL VENT AND
MECHANICAL, DRAFT SYSTEMS
804.1 Direct-vent terminations. Vent terminals for direct-vent
appliances shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's
installation instructions. Horizontal venting shall be allowed only if
approved by the commissioner and only if in a nonhazardous location and
if the appliance has a sealed combustion chamber.
804.2 Appliances with integral vents. Appliances incorporating
integral venting means shall be installed in accordance with their
listings and the manufacturer's installation instructions. Horizontal
venting shall be allowed only if in a non hazardous location and if the
appliance has a sealed combustion chamber.
804.2.1 Terminal clearances. Appliances designed for natural draft
venting and-incorporating integral venting, means shall be located so
that a minimum clearance of 9 inches (229 mm) is maintained between vent
terminals and from any openings through which combustion products enter
the building. Appliances using forced draft venting shall be located so
that a minimum clearance of 12 inches (305 mm) is maintained between
vent terminals and from any openings through which combustion products
enter the building.
804.3 Mechanical draft systems. Mechanical draft systems of either
forced or induced draft design shall comply with Sections 804.3.1
through 804.3.7.
804.3.1 Forced draft systems. Forced draft systems and all portions of
induced draft systems, under positive pressure during operation shall be
designed and installed so as to be gas tight to prevent leakage of
combustion products into a building.
804.3.2 Automatic shutoff. Power exhausters serving
automatically-fired appliances shall be electrically connected to each
appliance to prevent operation of the appliance when the power exhauster
is not in operation.
804.3.3 Termination. The termination of chimneys or vents equipped
with power exhausters shall be located a minimum of 10 feet (3048 mm)
from the lot line or from adjacent buildings. The exhaust shall be
directed away from the building.
804.3.4 Horizontal terminations. Horizontal terminations shall only be
allowed if approved by the commissioner, if they are in a nonhazardous
location and if the appliance has a sealed combustion chamber (direct
vent) in accordance with the appliance listing and manufacturers
instructions. In addition, horizontal terminations shall comply with the
following requirements:
1. Where located adjacent to walkways, the termination of mechanical
draft systems shall be not less than 7 feet (2134 mm) above the level of
the walkway.
2. Vents shall terminate at least 3 feet (914 mm) above any forced air
inlet located within 10 feet (3048 mm).
3. The vent system shall terminate at least 4 feet (1219 mm) below, 4
feet (1219 mm) horizontally from or 1 foot (305 mm) above any door,
window or gravity air inlet into the building.
4. The vent termination point shall not be located closer than 3 feet
(914 mm) to an interior comer formed by two walls perpendicular to
each other.
5. The vent termination shall not be mounted directly above or within
3 feet (914 mm) horizontally from any gas or electric metering,
regulating, venting relief equipment or other building opening.
6. The bottom of the vent termination shall be located at least 24
inches (610 mm) above finished grade.
804.3.5 Vertical terminations. Vertical terminations shall comply with
the following requirements and in accordance with the appliance listing
and manufacturers instructions:
1. Chimneys serving appliances less than 600°F (316°C) shall extend at
least 3 feet (914 mm) above the highest construction, such as a roof
ridge, parapet wall, or penthouse, within 10 feet (3048 mm) of the
chimney outlet, whether the construction is on the same building as the
chimney or on another building. Any chimney located in an area that is
more than 10 feet (3048 mm) from such construction, but not more than
the distance determined by Equation 8-2 shall be at least as high as the
highest construction in such area. However, for purposes of determining
the required height of a chimney, such construction does not include
other chimneys, vents, or open structural framing.
2. Chimneys serving appliances between 600°F (316°C) and 1000°F
(538°C) shall extend at least 10 feet (3048 mm) above the highest
construction. such as a roof ridge, or parapet wall or penthouse within
20 feet (6096 mm) of the chimney outlet, whether the construction is on
the same building as the chimney or on another building. Any chimney
located in an area more than 20 feet (6096 mm) from such construction,
but not more than the distance determined from Equation 8-2 shall be at
least as high as the highest construction in such area. However, for
purposes of determining the required height of the chimney, such
construction does not include other chimneys, vents or open structural
framing.
3. Chimneys serving appliances greater than 1000°F (538°C) shall
extend at least 20 feet (6096 mm) above the highest construction, such
as roof ridge, parapet wall, penthouse, or other obstruction within 50
feet (15 240 mm) of the chimney outlet, whether the construction is on
the same building as the chimney or in another building. Any chimney
located in an area that is more than 50 feet (15 240 mm) from such
construction, but not more than the distance determined from Equation
8-2 shall be at least as high as the highest construction located in
such area. However, for purposes of determining the required height of
the chimney, such construction does not include other chimneys, vents,
or open structural framing.
4. Vent termination caps shall not be permitted and a 3-inch (76 mm)
minimum drain installed to receive condensed water shall be required. A
positive means shall be provided to prevent water from entering the
appliance.
5. The following formula shall be used in order to determine the
distance referred to in Items 1, 2 and 3 of this section:
______________________________________________________________
1 |
2 |
3 COPY OF EQUATION 8-2 |
4 MAY BE OBTAINED FROM: |
5 NYS LEGISLATIVE BILL DRAFTING COMMISSION |
6 CONTACT: LEGISLATIVE RETRIEVAL SYSTEM'S HELPLINE |
7 |
8 |
9____________________________________________________________|
804.3.6 Exhauster connections. An appliance vented by natural draft
shall not be connected into a vent, chimney or vent connector on the
discharge side of a mechanical flue exhauster.
804.3.7 Exhauster sizing. Mechanical flue exhausters and the vent
system served shall be sized and installed in accordance with the
manufacturer's installation instructions.
804.3.8 Mechanical draft systems for manually fired appliances and
fireplaces. A mechanical draft system shall be permitted to be used with
manually fired appliances and fireplaces where such system complies with
all of the following requirements:
1. The mechanical draft device shall be listed and installed in
accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions.
2. A device shall be installed that produces visible and audible
warning upon failure of the mechanical draft device or loss of
electrical power, at any time that the mechanical draft device is turned
on. This device shall be equipped with a battery backup if it receives
power from the building wiring.
3. A smoke detector shall be installed in the room with the appliance
or fireplace. This device shall be equipped with a battery backup if it
receives power from the building wiring.
SECTION MC 805
FACTORY-BUILT CHIMNEYS
805.1 Listing. Factory-built chimneys shall be listed and labeled and
shall be installed and terminated in accordance with this code and the
manufacturer's installation instructions.
805.2 Solid fuel appliances. Factory-built chimneys for use with solid
fuel-burning appliances shall comply with the Type HT requirements of UL
103.
Exception: Chimneys for use with fireplace stoves listed only to UL
737 shall comply with the requirements of UL 103.
805.3 Factory-built fireplaces. Chimneys for use with factory-built
fireplaces shall comply with the requirements of UL 127.
805.4 Support. Where factory-built chimneys are supported by
structural members, such as joists and rafters, such members shall be
designed to support the additional load.
805.5 Medium-heat appliances. Factory-built chimneys for medium-heat
appliances producing flue gases having a temperature above 1,000°F
(538°C), measured at the entrance to the chimney, shall comply with UL
959.
805.6 Decorative shrouds. Decorative, shrouds shall not be installed
at the termination of factory-built chimneys except where such shrouds
are listed and labeled for use with the specific factory-built chimney
system and are installed in accordance with Section 304.1.
SECTION MC 806
METAL CHIMNEYS
806.1 General. Metal chimneys shall be constructed and installed in
accordance with NFPA 211.
806.2 Exterior metal chimneys. Exterior metal chimneys shall be
galvanized, painted on the exterior surface with a heat resisting paint
or constructed of equal corrosion resistive alloys.
SECTION MC 807
CHANGES IN APPLIANCE FUELS
807.1 Changes in appliance fuels. Conversion from gas to fuel oil for a
heating appliances shall be made only if:
1. The chimney design meets the requirements of this chapter for the
conversion fuel; and
2. The chimney size is adequate to vent the combustion products from
the new fuel. Conversion from solid or liquid fuels to natural gas fuels
for heating appliances shall be made only if:
2.1 The chimney design meets the requirements of this chapter for the
conversion fuel and the New York City Fuel Gas Code;
2.2 The chimney is thoroughly cleaned prior to the conversion to
remove collected flue deposits, which can spill off when gas is used as
a fuel;
2.3 Chimney provides adequate draft the new fuel;
2.4 Drains are installed to remove condensed water; and
2.5 Gas vents are installed within the chimney for venting, purposes
if required by the appliance listing.
SECTION MC 808
REDUCTION OF FLUE SIZE
808.1 Reduction of flue size. Conversion from one fuel to another or the
use of an existing chimney to service a fireplace or wood-burning
appliance may require a flue size change for proper operation. This may
be done if the redesigned flue meets the criteria for the fuel and
chimney type to be used as set forth in this chapter.
SECTION MC 809
CHIMNEY SUPPORTED FROM EQUIPMENT
809.1 Chimney support. Chimneys shall not be supported by the equipment
they serve, unless such equipment has been specifically designed for
such loads.
SECTION MC 810
TEST RUN AND SMOKE TEST
810.1 Test run. All new chimneys shall be test run under operating
conditions to demonstrate fire safety and the complete exhausting of
smoke and the products of combustion to the outer air. The test run
shall be conducted by a registered design professional responsible for
the test, and the results of such test run shall be certified as correct
by such professional and submitted in writing to the department.
810.2 Requirement of a smoke test. A smoke test shall be made as
outlined in Section 810.3. Any faults or leaks found shall be corrected.
Such smoke test shall be witnessed by a representative of the
commissioner. In lieu thereof, the commissioner may accept the test
report of a registered design professional responsible for the test
which shall be submitted in writing to the department.
810.3 Smoke test. To determine the tightness of chimney construction,
a smoke test shall be made in accordance with the following conditions
and requirements:
1. The equipment, materials, power and labor necessary for such test
shall be furnished by, and at the expense of, the owner or holder of the
work permit.
2. If the test shows any evidence of leakage or other defects, such
defects shall be corrected in accordance with the requirements of this
chapter, and the test shall be repeated until the results are
satisfactory.
3. The chimney shall be filled with a thick penetrating smoke produced
by one or more smoke machines, or smoke bombs, or other equivalent
method. As the smoke appears at the stack opening on the roof, such
opening shall be tightly closed and a pressure equivalent to 1/2 inch
(13 mm) column of water measured at the base of the stack, shall be
applied. The test shall be applied for a length of time sufficient to
permit the inspection of the chimney.
SECTION MC 811
EXHAUST GASES FROM INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
811.1 Exhaust pipe construction. The exhaust pipe from internal
combustion engines shall be constructed in accordance with the
requirements for metal chimneys in this chapter. NFPA 211 and NFPA 37
based on the temperature of the gases entering the exhaust pipe, and in
accordance with the following:
1. The exhaust pipe, if factory fabricated shall be constructed in
accordance with their listing and manufacturers instructions.
2. The exhaust pipe, if field fabricated, shall be constructed of at
least 1/16-inch (5 mm) steel, or of other equivalent metal of similar
strength and resistance to the temperature and corrosive action of the
exhaust gases.
3. No lining shall be required.
4. Where the exhaust pipe runs inside a building, it shall be
insulated with insulation adequate for the temperature of the pipe, so
that the surface temperature shall be not more than 200°F (93°C).
5. All joints shall be constructed so as to be gas tight under all
operating conditions.
811.2 Discharge openings. The location of discharge openings for
emergency and standby internal combustion engines shall comply with the
requirements of NFPA 37 so that the flue gases are not directed to
jeopardize the health or safety of people, overheat combustible
structures, nor enter building openings in the vicinity of the outlet,
nor shall the location of such openings cause the condensate leaving the
outlet to come into contact with people.
811.2.1 Interference. No discharge opening shall be located and
constructed so as to interfere with the proper functioning of other
openings in the same building or adjoining buildings, to interfere
unreasonably with the occupants of the same building or adjoining
buildings, or with the general public, or to create a fire or health
hazard.
811.2.2 Chimneys. The exhaust pipe may be connected to a chimney used
for other equipment, provided that the operation of the engine does not
adversely affect the operation of the other equipment so that it is in
violation of the New York City Air Pollution Control Code.
811.3 Vertical termination requirements. The location of the discharge
outlet from all other engines shall comply with the vertical termination
requirements of at least a 600°F (316°C) to 1000°F (538°C) chimney or a
greater than 1000°F (538°C) chimney based on the temperature of the
gases entering the exhaust pipe.
CHAPTER 9
SPECIFIC APPLIANCES, FIREPLACES AND
SOLID FUEL-BURNING EQUIPMENT
SECTION MC 901
GENERAL
901.1 Scope. This chapter shall govern the approval, design,
installation, construction, maintenance, alteration and repair of the
appliances and equipment specifically identified herein and
factory-built fireplaces. The approval, design, installation,
construction, maintenance, alteration and repair of gas-fired appliances
shall be regulated by the New York City Fuel Gas Code.
901.2 General. The requirements of this chapter shall apply to the
mechanical equipment and appliances regulated by this chapter, in
addition to the other requirements of this code, and installed in
accordance with the requirements of NFPA 31, NFPA 54 and NFPA 211.
901.3 Hazardous locations. Fireplaces and solid fuel-burning
appliances shall not be installed in hazardous locations.
901.4 Fireplace accessories. Listed fireplace accessories shall be
installed in accordance with the conditions of the listing and the
manufacturer's installation instructions.
901.5 Inspection of solid fuel-burning heating appliances, chimneys
and flues. Inspections of solid fuel burning heating appliances,
chimneys and flues shall be in accordance with the New York City
Building Code.
901.6 Fireplaces. Fireplaces (solid-fuel-type or ANSI Z21.50) shall be
installed with tight-fitting noncombustible fireplace doors to control
infiltration losses in construction types listed here:
1. Masonry or factory-built fireplaces designed to allow an open burn.
2. Decorative appliances (ANSI Z21.60 gas-log style unit) installed in
a vented solid fuel fireplace.
3. Vented decorative gas fireplace appliances (ANSI Z21.50 unit).
Fireplaces shall be provided with a source of combustion air as required
by the fireplace construction provisions of the New York City Building
Code and Chapter 7 of this code.
SECTION MC 902
MASONRY FIREPLACES
902.1 General. Masonry fireplaces shall be constructed in accordance
with the New York City Building Code.
SECTION MC 903
FACTORY-BUILT FIREPLACES
903.1 General. Factory-built fireplaces shall be listed and labeled and
shall be installed in accordance with the conditions of the listing.
Factory-built fireplaces shall be tested in accordance with UL 127.
903.2 Hearth extensions. Hearth extensions of approved factory-built
fireplaces and fireplace stoves shall be installed in accordance with
the listing of the fireplace. The hearth extension shall be readily
distinguishable from the surrounding floor area.
903.3 Unvented gas lob heaters. The installation of unvented gas fired
space heaters, gas stoves, gas logs, gas fireplaces and gas fireplace
inserts is prohibited.
903.4 Flues. Separate flues shall be provided for every fireplace and
fireplace stove.
903.5 Combustion air supply. All installations of factory-built
fireplaces shall comply with the requirements of the New York City
Energy Conservation Code concerning combustion air supply.
SECTION MC 904
PELLET FUEL-BURNING APPLIANCES
904.1 General. Pellet fuel-burning appliances shall be listed and
labeled and shall be installed in accordance with the teems of the
listing. If permitted, such appliances shall be operated in accordance
with the New York City Air Pollution Control Code.
SECTION MC 905
FIREPLACE STOVES AND ROOM HEATERS
905.1 General. Fireplace stoves and solid-fuel-type room heaters shall
be listed and labeled and shall be installed in accordance with the
conditions of the listing. Fireplace stoves shall be tested in
accordance with UL 737. Solid-fuel-type room heaters shall be tested in
accordance with UL 1482. Fireplace inserts intended for installation in
fireplaces shall be listed and labeled in accordance with the
requirements of UL 1482 and shall be installed in accordance with the
manufacturer's installation instructions.
905.2 Connection to fireplace. The connection of solid fuel
appliances to chimney flues serving fireplaces shall comply with
Sections 801.7 and 801.10.
905.3 Air pollution. All fireplace stoves and room heaters shall
comply with the requirements of the New York City Air Pollution Control
Code.
905.4 Combustion air supply. All fireplace stoves and room heaters
shall comply with the requirements of the New York City Energy
Conservation Code concerning combustion air supply.
905.5 Flues. Separate flues and independent combustion air source
shall be provided for every fireplace stove and room heater. Combustion
air shall be provided in accordance with the manufacturer's
recommendations and Chapter 7.
SECTION MC 906
FACTORY-BUILT BARBECUE APPLIANCES
906.1 General. Factory-built barbecue appliances shall be of an
approved type and shall be installed in accordance with the
manufacturer's installation instructions, this chapter and Chapters 3,
5, 7, 8 and the New York City Fuel Gas Code. All provisions for the
construction and installation of fireplaces shall be complied within the
construction and installation of barbecue grills.
SECTION MC 907
INCINERATORS AND CREMATORIES
907.1 General. Incinerators and crematories shall be listed and labeled
in accordance with UL 791 and NFPA 82 and shall be installed in
accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions.
907.2 Compliance. All incinerators and crematories shall be installed,
altered and maintained in buildings in conformity with the applicable
provisions of the Administrative Code and the New York City Air
Pollution Control Code.
SECTION MC 908
COOLING TOWERS, EVAPORATIVE
CONDENSERS AND FLUID COOLERS
908.1 General. A cooling tower used in conjunction with an
air-conditioning appliance shall be installed in accordance with the
manufacturer's installation instructions.
908.2 Access. Cooling towers, evaporative condensers and fluid coolers
shall be provided with ready access.
908.3 Location. Cooling towers evaporative condensers and fluid
coolers shall be located to prevent the discharge vapor plumes from
entering occupied spaces. Plume discharges shall be not less than 5 feet
(1524 mm) above or 20 feet (6096 mm) away from any ventilation inlet to
a building. Location on the property shall be as required for buildings
in accordance with the New York City Building Code.
908.3.1 Indoor. Cooling towers, evaporative condensers and fluid
coolers located inside of buildings shall be constructed of
noncombustible materials including fill and drift eliminators.
908.3.2 Outside. Cooling towers shall be constructed of noncombustible
materials.
Exception: Fill and drift eliminators may be made of limited
combustibility materials provided all the following conditions are met:
1. The cooling tower is located on a building in construction group
1-A or 1-B of the New York City Building Code.
2. The cooling tower. fill and drift eliminators are located at least
30 feet (9144 mm) away from windows or fresh air intakes which are at an
elevation above the roof on which the cooling tower is located, whether
in the same building or in an adjoining building.
3. The cooling tower is located not less than 15 feet (4572 mm) from
the lot line.
4. The cooling tower is located not less than 10 feet (3048 mm) from
any chimney, except that the distance shall not be less than 20 feet
(6096 mm) from a chimney venting products of combustion other than from
gas or oil-fired appliances, whether on the same or an adjoining
building.
908.4 Support and anchorage. Supports for cooling towers, evaporative
condensers and fluid coolers shall be designed in accordance with the
New York City Building Code. Seismic restraints shall be as required by
the New York City Building Code. Adequate vibration isolation shall be
provided in accordance with the manufacturer's installation guidelines
and as required for the supporting structure, and in accordance with the
following:
908.4.1 Cooling towers. All moving parts of cooling towers located on
a roof or floor other than a floor on grade shall be installed on
vibration isolators providing a minimum isolation efficiency of 85
percent at fan rotor rpm with a maximum static deflection of 4 inches
(102 mm). Each isolator shall incorporate a leveling device and a
resilient pad having a minimum thickness of 1/4 inch (6 mm).
908.4.2 Evaporative condensers. Evaporative and air cooled condensers
located on a roof or floor other than a floor on grade shall be mounted
on vibration isolators providing a minimum isolation efficiency of 85
percent at fan rotor rpm with a maximum static deflection of 4 inches
(102 mm). Each isolator shall incorporate a leveling device and a
resilient pad having a minimum thickness of 1/4 inch (6 mm).
908.5 Water supply. Water supplies and protection shall be as required
by the New York City Plumbing Code.
908.6 Drainage. Drains, overflows and blowdown provisions shall be
indirectly connected to an approved disposal location. Discharge of
chemical waste shall be approved by the appropriate regulatory
authority.
908.7 Refrigerants and hazardous fluids. Heat exchange equipment that
contains a refrigerant and that is part of a closed refrigeration system
shall comply with Chapter 11. Heat exchange equipment containing heat
transfer fluids which are combustible or hazardous shall comely with the
New York City Fire Code. Flammable heat transfer fluids are prohibited.
SECTION MC 909
VENTED WALL FURNACES
909.1 General. Vented wall furnaces shall be installed in accordance
with their listing and the manufacturer's installation instructions.
Oil-fired furnaces shall be tested in accordance with UL 730.
909.2 Location. Vented wall furnaces shall be located so as not to
cause a fire hazard to walls, floors, combustible furnishings or doors.
Vented wall furnaces installed between bathrooms and adjoining rooms
shall not circulate air from bathrooms to other parts of the building.
909.3 Door swing. Vented wall furnaces shall be located so that a door
cannot swing within 12 inches (305 mm) of an air inlet or air outlet of
such furnace measured at right angles to the opening. Doorstops or door
closers shall not be installed to obtain this clearance.
909.4 Ducts prohibited. Ducts shall not be attached to wall furnaces.
Casing extension boots shall not be installed unless listed as part of
the appliance.
909.5 Manual shutoff valve. A manual shutoff valve shall be installed
ahead of all controls.
909.6 Access. Vented wall furnaces shall be provided with access for
cleaning of heating surfaces, removal of burners, replacement of
sections, motors, controls, filters and other working parts, and for
adjustments and lubrication of parts requiring such attention. Panels,
grilles and access doors that must be removed for normal servicing
operations shall not be attached to the building construction.
SECTION MC 910
FLOOR FURNACES
910.1 General. Floor furnaces shall be installed in accordance with
their listing and the manufacturer's installation instructions.
Oil-fired furnaces shall be tested in accordance with UL 729. Unvented
floor furnaces are prohibited.
910.2 Placement. Floor furnaces shall not be installed in any
corridor, in the floor of any aisle or passageway of any auditorium,
public hall, place of assembly, or in any egress element from any such
room or space.
With the exception of wall register models, a floor furnace shall not
be placed closer than 6 inches (152 mm) to the nearest wall, and wall
register models shall not be placed closer than 6 inches (152 mm) to a
corner.
The furnace shall be placed such that a drapery or similar combustible
object will not be nearer than 12 inches (305 mm) to any portion of the
register of the furnace. Floor furnaces shall not be installed in
concrete floor construction built on grade. The controlling thermostat
for a floor furnace shall be located within the same room or space as
the floor furnace or shall be located in an adjacent room or space that
is permanently open to the room or space containing the floor furnace.
Floor furnaces shall be located so as to be accessible. Floor furnaces
shall be installed only in floors of noncombustible construction having
at least a 2-hour fire rating, except as where required for one- and
two-family dwellings.
910.3 Bracing. The floor around the furnace shall be braced and headed
with a support framework design in accordance with the New York City
Building Code.
910.4 Clearance. The lowest portion of the floor furnace shall have
not less than a 6-inch (152 mm) clearance from the grade level; except
where the lower 6-inch (152 mm) portion of the floor furnace is sealed
by the manufacturer to prevent entrance of water, the minimum clearance
shall be reduced to not less than 2 inches (51 mm). Where these
clearances are not present, the ground below and to the sides shall be
excavated to form a pit under the furnace so that the required clearance
is provided beneath the lowest portion of the furnace. A 12-inch (305
mm) minimum clearance shall be provided on all sides except the control
side, which shall have an 18-inch (457 mm) minimum clearance.
910.5 Enclosures. Enclosures of floor furnaces shall be constructed
entirely of noncombustible materials with a fire-resistance rating of at
least 1 hour and shall be provided with adequate outdoor air to ensure
proper combustion. The enclosure shall be provided with adequate means
of access for servicing the furnace.
910.6 Duct temperature. The outlet duct temperature of warm air
heating furnaces shall not be greater than 250°F (121°C).
910.7 One- and two- family dwellings. Floor furnace enclosures shall
be constructed of noncombustible materials with a fire-resistance rating
of at least 1 hour. Means shall be provided for supporting the furnace
when the grille is removed. Clearances shall be provided as per NFPA 54.
SECTION MC 911
DUCT FURNACES
911.1 General. Duct furnaces shall be installed in accordance with the
manufacturer's installation instructions. Electric furnaces shall be
tested in accordance with UL 1995. Unvented furnaces are prohibited.
911.2 Access panels. Ducts connected to duct furnaces shall have
removable access panels on both the upstream and downstream sides of the
furnace.
911.3 Location of draft hood and controls. The controls, combustion
air inlets and draft hoods for duct furnaces shall be located outside of
the ducts. The draft hood shall be located in the same enclosure from
which combustion air is taken.
911.4 Circulating air. Where a duct furnace is installed so that
supply ducts convey air to areas outside the space containing the
furnace, the return air shall also be conveyed by a duct(s) sealed to
the furnace casing and terminating outside the space containing the
furnace.The duct furnace shall be installed on the positive pressure
side of the circulating air blower.
911.5 Duct Temperature. The outlet duct temperature of duct furnaces
shall not be greater than 20°F (121°C).
SECTION MC 912
INFRARED RADIANT HEATERS
912.1 Support. Infrared radiant heaters shall be safely and adequately
fixed in an approved position independent of fuel and electric supply
lines. Hangers and brackets shall be noncombustible material.
912.2 Clearance. Heaters shall be installed with clearances from
combustible material in accordance with the manufacturer's installation
instructions.
SECTION MC 913
CLOTHES DRYERS
913.1 General. Clothes dryers shall be installed in accordance with
the manufacturer's installation instructions. Electric commercial
clothes dryers shall be tested in accordance with UL 1240. Electric
residential and coin-operated clothes dryers shall be tested in
accordance with UL 2158.
913.2 Exhaust required. Clothes dryers shall be exhausted in
accordance with Section 504.
Exception: Electric clothes dryers provided with a condensate drain.
913.3 Clearances. Clothes dryers shall be installed with clearance to
combustibles in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
SECTION MC 913
SAUNA HEATERS
914.1 Location and protection. Sauna heaters shall be located so as to
minimize the possibility of accidental contact by a person in the room.
914.1.1 Guards. Sauna heaters shall be protected from accidental
contact by an approved guard or barrier of material having a low
coefficient of thermal conductivity. The guard shall not substantially
affect the transfer of heat from the heater to the room.
914.2 Installation. Sauna heaters shall be listed and labeled and
shall be installed in accordance with their listing and the
manufacturer's installation instructions.
914.3 Access. Panels, grilles and access doors that are required to be
removed for normal servicing operations shall not be attached to the
building.
914.4 Heat and time controls. Sauna heaters shall be equipped with a
thermostat that will limit room temperature to 194°F (90°C). If the
thermostat is not an integrate part of the sauna heater, the
heat-sensing element shall be located within 6 inches (152 mm) of the
ceiling. If the heat-sensing element is a capillary tube and bulb, the
assembly shall be attached to the wall or other support, and shall be
protected against physical damage.
914.4.1 Timers. A timer, if provided to control main burner operation,
shall have a maximum operating time of 1 hour. The control for the timer
shall be located outside the sauna room.
914.5 Sauna room. A ventilation opening into the sauna room shall be
provided. The opening shall be not less than 4 inches by 8 inches (102
mm by 203 mm) located near the top of the door into the sauna room.
914.5.1 Warning notice. The following permanent notice, constructed of
approved material, shall be mechanically attached to the sauna room on
the outside:
WARNING: DO NOT EXCEED 30 MINUTES IN SAUNA. EXCESSIVE EXPOSURE CAN BE
HARMFUL TO HEALTH. ANY PERSON WITH POOR HEALTH SHOULD CONSULT A
PHYSICIAN BEFORE USING SAUNA.
The words shall contrast with the background and the wording shall be
in letters not less than 0.25-inch (6.4 mm) high.
Exception: This section shall not apply to one- and two-family
dwellings.
SECTION MC 915
ENGINE AND GAS TURBINE-POWERED
EQUIPMENT AND APPLIANCES
915.1 General. The installation of liquid-fueled stationary internal
combustion engines and gas turbines, including fuel storage and piping,
shall meet the requirements of NFPA 37 and Chapter 13 of this code.
915.2 Powered equipment and appliances. Permanently installed
equipment and appliances powered by internal combustion engines and
turbines shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's
installation instructions and NFPA 37.
SECTION MC 916
POOL AND SPA HEATERS
916.1 General. Pool and spa heaters shall be installed in accordance
with the manufacturer's installation instructions. Oil-fired pool and
spa heaters shall be tested in accordance with UL 726. Electric pool and
spa heaters shall be tested in accordance with UL 1261.
SECTION MC 917
COOKING APPLIANCES
917.1 Cooking appliances. Cooking appliances that are designed for
permanent installation, including ranges, ovens, stoves, broilers,
grills, fryers, griddles and barbecues, shall be listed, labeled and
installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation
instructions. Oil-fired cooking appliances are prohibited. Solid
fuel-fired ovens shall be tested in accordance with UL 2162.
917.2 Prohibited location. Cooking appliances designed, tested, listed
and labeled for use in commercial occupancies shall not be installed
within dwelling units or within any area where domestic cooking
operations occur.
917.3 Domestic appliances. Cooking appliances installed within
dwelling units and within areas where domestic cooking operations occur
shall be listed and labeled as household-type appliances for domestic
use.
917.4 Domestic range installation. Domestic ranges installed on
combustible floors shall be set on their own bases or legs and shall be
installed with clearances of not less than that shown on the label.
917.5 Open-top broiler unit hoods. A ventilating hood shall be
provided above a domestic open-top broiler unit, unless otherwise listed
for forced down draft ventilation.
917.5.1 Clearances. A minimum clearance of 24 inches (610 mm) shall be
maintained between the cooking top and combustible material above the
hood. The hood shall be at least as wide as the open-top broiler unit
and be centered over the unit.
917.6 Commercial cooking appliance venting. Commercial cooking
appliances, other than those exempted by Section 501.8 of the New York
City Fuel Gas Code, shall be vented by connecting the appliance to a
vent or chimney in accordance with this code and the appliance
manufacturer's instructions or the appliance shall be vented in
accordance with Section 505.1.1 of the New York City Fuel Gas Code.
917.7 Domestic ventilation. When a hood is required for proper
ventilation of a domestic cooking appliance, the exhaust and make-up air
systems shall be properly engineered and designed in accordance with
Chapter 5.
SECTION MC 918
FORCED-AIR WARM-AIR FURNACES
918.1 Forced-air furnaces. Oil-fired furnaces shall be tested in
accordance with UL 727. Electric furnaces shall be tested in accordance
with UL 1995. Solid fuel furnaces shall be tested in accordance with UL
391. Forced-air furnaces shall be installed in accordance with the
listings and the manufacturer's installation instructions. Forced-air
warm-air furnaces shall be installed in accordance with the requirements
of NFPA 31 and the New York City Fuel Gas Code. Unvented furnaces are
prohibited.
918.2 Minimum duct sizes. The minimum unobstructed total area of the
outside and return air ducts or openings to a forced-air warm-air
furnace shall be not less than 2 square inches per 1,000 Btu/h (4402
mm{2}kW) output rating capacity of the furnace and not less than that
specified in the furnace manufacturer's installation instructions. The
minimum unobstructed total area of supply ducts from a forced-air
warm-air furnace shall not be less than 2 square inches for each 1,000
Btu/h (4402mm{2}/kW) output rating capacity of the furnace and not less
than that specified in the furnace manufacturer's installation
instructions.
Exception: The total area of the supply air ducts and outside and
return air ducts shall not be required to be larger than the minimum
size required by the furnace manufacturer's installation instructions
and in accordance with NFPA 54.
918.3 Heat pumps. The minimum unobstructed total area of the outside
and return air ducts or openings to a heat pump shall be not less than 6
square inches per 1,000 Btu/h (13 208 mm{2}/kW) output rating or as
indicated by the conditions of listing of the heat pump. Electric heat
pumps shall be tested in accordance with UL 1995.
918.4 Dampers. Volume dampers shall not be placed in the air inlet to
a furnace in a manner that will reduce the required to air to the
furnace.
918.5 Circulating air ducts for forced-air warm-air furnaces.
Circulating air for fuel-burning, forced-air-type, warm-air furnaces
shall be conducted into the blower housing from outside the furnace
enclosure by continuous air-tight ducts.
918.6 Prohibited sources. Outside or return air for a forced-air
heating system shall not be taken from the following locations:
1. Closer than 10 feet (3048 mm) from an appliance vent outlet, a vent
opening from a plumbing drainage system or the discharge outlet of an
exhaust fan, unless the outlet is 3 feet (914 mm) above the outside air
inlet.
2. Where the is the presence of objectionable odors, fumes or
flammable vapors; or where located less than 10 feet (3048 mm) above the
surface of any abutting public way or driveway; or where located at
grade level by a sidewalk, street, alley or driveway.
3. A hazardous or unsanitary location or a refrigeration machinery
room as defined in this code.
4. A room or space, the volume of which is less than 25 percent of the
entire volume served by such system. Where connected by a permanent
opening having an area sized in accordance with Sections 918.2 and 918.3
adjoining rooms or spaces shall be considered as a single room or space
for the purpose of determining the volume of such rooms or spaces.
Exception: The minimum volume requirement shall not apply where the
amount of return air taken from a room or space is less than or equal to
the amount of supply air delivered to such room or space.
5. A closet, bathroom, toilet room, kitchen, garage, mechanical room,
boiler room or furnace room.
6. A room or space containing a fuel-burning appliance where such room
or space serves as the sole source of return air.
Exceptions:
1. This shall not apply where the fuel-burning appliance is a
direct-vent appliance.
2. This shall not apply where the room or space complies with the
following requirements:
2.1 The return air shall be taken from a room or space having a volume
exceeding 1 cubic foot for each 10 Btu/h (9.6 L/W) of combined input
rating of all fuel-burning appliances therein.
2.2. The volume of supply air discharged back into the same space
shall be approximately equal to the volume of return air taken from the
space.
2.3. Return-air inlets shall not be located within 10 feet (3048 mm)
of any appliance firebox or draft hood in the same room or space.
3. This shall not apply to rooms or spaces containing solid
fuel-burning appliances, provided that return-air inlets are located not
less than 10 feet (3048 mm) from the firebox of such appliances.
918.7 Outside opening protection. Outdoor air intake openings shall be
protected in accordance with Section 401.6.
918.8 Return-air limitation. Return air from one dwelling unit shall
not be discharged into another dwelling unit.
SECTION MC 919
CONVERSION BURNERS
919.1 Conversion burners. The installation of conversion burners shall
conform to ANSI Z21.8.
SECTION MC 920
UNIT HEATERS
920.1 General. Unit heaters shall be installed in accordance with the
listing and the manufacturer's installation instructions. Oil-fired unit
heaters shall be tested in accordance with UL 731.
920.2 Support. Suspended-type unit heaters shall be supported by
elements that are designed and constructed to accommodate the weight and
dynamic loads. Hangers and brackets shall be of noncombustible material.
Suspended-type oil-fired unit heaters shall be installed in accordance
with NFPA 31.
920.3 Ductwork. A unit heater shall not be attached to a warm-air duct
system unless listed for such installation.
SECTION MC 921
VENTED ROOM HEATERS
921.1 General. Vented room heaters shall be listed and labeled and shall
be installed in accordance with the conditions of the listing and the
manufacturer's instructions.
SECTION MC 922
KEROSENE AND OIL-FIRED STOVES
922.1 General. The installation of kerosene and oil-fired stoves is
prohibited.
SECTION MC 923
SMALL CERAMIC KILNS
923.1 General. The provisions of this section shall apply to kilns that
are used for ceramics, have a maximum interior volume of 20 cubic feet
(0.566 m{3}) and are used for hobby and noncommercial purposes.
923.1.1 Installation. Kilns shall be installed in accordance with the
manufacturer's installation instructions and the provisions of this
code.
SECTION MC 924
STATIONARY FUEL CELL POWER PLANTS
924.1 General. Stationary fuel cell power plants having a power output
not exceeding 1,000 kW, shall be tested in accordance with ANSI Z21.83
and shall be installed in accordance with manufacturer's installation
instructions and NFPA 853. Such fuel cell plants shall be powered by
hydrogen derived on-site from piped natural gas, except where the
storage, handling and use of hydrogen or other flammable gas is
authorized by the Fire Code for such purposes and approved by the fire
commissioner.
SECTION MC 925
MASONRY HEATERS
925.1 General. Masonry heaters shall be constructed in accordance with
the New York City Building Code.
SECTION MC 926
NOISE CONTROL REQUIREMENTS
926.1 Minimum air-borne noise insulation requirements.
926.1.1 Exterior mechanical equipment. Mechanical equipment in a
building in any occupancy group, when located outside of the building in
a yard or court or on a roof, or where the equipment opens to the
exterior of the building, shall be subject to the noise output
limitations given in Table 926.1 where one or more windows of a dwelling
unit in any building in occupancy groups R-1, R-2, and R-3, are located
within a sphere of 100 foot radius (30 480 mm) whose center is any part
of the equipment or its housing, unless it can be shown that the sound
pressure levels, in octave bands, of the exterior mechanical equipment
as measured within the dwelling unit do not exceed the levels given in
Table 926.1(2).
TABLE 926.1(1)
MAXIMUM SOUND POWER LEVELS PERMITTED FOR EXTERIOR MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT
ADJOINING BUILDINGS
| Maximum Sound Power Levels in
| Octave Bands - db re 10{-13} Watts{a}
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Minimum | Octave Bands c.p.s. Mid Frequency
distance from | | | | | | | |
equipment to | 63 | 125 | 250 | 500 |1000 | 2000 | 4000 |8000
exterior window | | | | | | | |
(ft.){a} | | | | | | | |
------------------------------------------------------------------------
12 | 97 | 90 | 83 | 78 | 75 | 73 | 72 | 71
------------------------------------------------------------------------
25 | 104 | 96 | 89 | 84 | 81 | 79 | 78 | 77
------------------------------------------------------------------------
50 | 110 | 102 | 95 | 90 | 87 | 85 | 84 | 83
------------------------------------------------------------------------
100 | 116 | 108 | 101 | 96 | 93 | 91 | 90 | 89
------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Octave Bands - db re 10{-12} Watts
------------------------------------------------------------------------
12 | 87 | 80 | 73 | 68 | 65 | 63 | 62 | 61
------------------------------------------------------------------------
25 | 94 | 86 | 79 | 74 | 71 | 69 | 68 | 67
------------------------------------------------------------------------
50 | 100 | 92 | 85 | 80 | 77 | 75 | 74 | 73
------------------------------------------------------------------------
100 | 106 | 98 | 91 | 86 | 83 | 81 | 80 | 79
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes:
a. The minimum distance shall be measured in a straight line
regardless of obstructions. Interpolated levels may be used for
distances between those given in this table. See note a, at end of Table
1207.2.1 in the New York City Building Code.
1. In the event sound power level data for the exterior mechanical
equipment is not available, the sound pressure levels in octave bands,
of the exterior mechanical equipment shall be measured.
2. The measurements shall be obtained with the microphone of the
measuring equipment located at the interior of the dwelling unit
affected in a line with the window nearest the exterior mechanical
equipment. The window shall be fully open and the microphone shall be
located 3 feet away from the open portion of the window.
3. Measurements shall be obtained during times when the ambient sound
pressure levels, in octave bands, are at least 6 db lower at all octave
bands than the sound pressure levels measured with the exterior
equipment operating. By ambient sound pressure levels is meant the
measured sound pressure levels, at the above described measuring
location, with the exterior equipment not in operation.
TABLE 926.1(2)
NOISE OUTPUT LIMITATIONS FOR EXTERIOR MECHANICAL
EQUIPMENT MAXIMUM SOUND PRESSURE LEVEL{a}
(NOT TO BE EXCEEDED IN ANY OCTAVE BANDS)
---------------------------------------------
Octave Bands | Decibels
Center Frequency (cps) | Re .0002 Microbar
---------------------------------------------
63 | 61
---------------------------------------------
125 | 53
---------------------------------------------
250 | 46
---------------------------------------------
500 | 40
---------------------------------------------
1000 | 36
---------------------------------------------
2000 | 34
---------------------------------------------
4000 | 33
---------------------------------------------
8000 | 32
---------------------------------------------
Note:
a. Measurements shall be obtained with a sound level meter and octave
band analyzer, calibrated both electronically and acoustically before
and after the measurements are made.
926.1.2 Noise Control Code. Sound sources shall also comply with any
applicable requirements of Section 24-323 of the Administrative Code,
also known as the New York City Noise Control Code.
926.2 Minimum structure-borne noise and vibration isolation
requirements. All isolators shall comply with the requirements of
Section 926.1 through 926.2.9.
926.2.1 Boiler rooms.
926.2.1.1 Boilers. All boilers supported on floors above a story
having dwelling units shall be supported on resilient isolators having a
minimum static deflection of 1 inch (25 mm). The isolators shall be
installed directly under the structural frame of the boiler.
926.2.1.2 Boiler breeching and piping. When boilers are equipped with
mechanical draft fans, the boiler breeching and piping that are
supported from or on slabs, floors or walls that are contiguous to the
dwelling unit shall be supported for a distance of 50 pipe diameters on
or from resilient isolators. Each isolator shall have a minimum static
deflection of 1 inch (25 mm).
926.2.2 Incinerator charging chutes.
926.2.2.1 Metal chutes. Metal chutes, metal chute supports, and/or
metal chute bracing shall be free of direct contact with the shaft
enclosure and the openings provided in the floor construction. Metal
chutes shall be resiliently supported at each structural support
location. Isolators shall provide a minimum static deflection of 0.30
inches (7.62 mm). All chutes shall be plumb.
926.2.2.2 Masonry chutes. The interior chute wall shall be plumb and
without obstructions for the full height of the shaft and shall have a
smooth interior finish.
926.2.3 Piping. Equipment piping shall be installed as follows:
1. Metal piping connected to power driven equipment shall be
resiliently supported from or on the building structure for a distance
of 50 pipe diameters from the power driven equipment. The resilient
isolators shall have a minimum static deflection of 1 inch (25 mm) for
all piping with a 4 inch (25 mm) or larger in actual outside diameter
and 1/2 inch (12.7 mm) for piping with less than 4 inches (25 mm) in
actual outside diameter. Piping connected to fluid pressure-reducing
valves shall be resiliently isolated for a distance of 50 pipe diameters
from pressure reducing valves and isolators shall provide a minimum
static deflection of 1/2 inch (12.7 mm).
2. Equipment shall as heat exchangers, absorption refrigeration
machines, or similar equipment, that is located on any floor or roof
other than a floor on grade, and that is not power driven but is
connected by metal piping to power driven equipment, shall be
resiliently supported from or on the building structure, for a distance
of 50 pipe diameters from the power driven equipment. The resilient
supports shall be vibration isolators having a minimum static deflection
of 1 inch (25 mm) and shall incorporate approved resilient pads having a
minimum thickness of 1/4 inch (6.4 mm).
926.2.4 Fans. All fan equipment located on any roof or floor other
than a floor on grade shall be mounted on or from vibration isolators.
Fan equipment with motor drives separated from the fan equipment shall
be supported on an isolated integral rigid structural base supporting
both the fan and motor. Fan equipment with motor drives supported from
the fan equipment shall be mounted directly on vibration isolators. Each
isolator shall have provision for leveling. Isolators shall incorporate
resilient pads having a minimum thickness of 1/4 inch (6.4 mm). The
vibration insulators shall provide a minimum isolation efficiency of 90
percent at fan rotor rpm with a maximum deflection of 2 inches (51 mm).
Fans and compressors of 3 horsepower (2.25 kW) or less assembled in
unitary containers may meet this requirement with isolators internal to
the container providing the isolators meet the above minimum isolator
efficiencies.
926.2.5 Pumps. All pumps of 3 horsepower (2.25 kW) or more located on
any floor other than a floor on grade shall be supported on vibration
isolators having a minimum isolation efficiency of 85 percent at the
lowest disturbing frequency. Each isolator shall incorporate a leveling
device and a resilient pad having a minimum thickness of 1/4 inch (6.4
mm).
926.2.6 Compressors. Compressors and drives located on a floor other
than a floor on grade shall be mounted on vibration isolators having a
minimum isolation efficiency of 85 percent at the lowest disturbing
frequency. Each isolator shall incorporate a leveling device and a
resilient pad having a minimum thickness of 1/4 inch (6.4 mm).
926.2.7 Cooling towers. All moving parts of cooling towers located on
a roof or floor other than a floor on grade shall be installed on
vibration isolators providing a minimum isolation efficiency of 85
percent at fan rotor rpm with a maximum static deflection of 4 inches
(102 mm). Each isolator shall incorporate a leveling device and a
resilient pad having a minimum thickness of 1/4 inch (6.4 mm).
926.2.8 Evaporative condensers. Evaporative and air cooled condensers
located on a roof or floor other than a floor on grade shall be mounted
on vibration isolators providing a minimum isolation efficiency of 85
percent at fan rotor rpm with a maximum static deflection of 4 inches
(102 mm). Each isolator shall incorporate a leveling device and a
resilient pad having a minimum thickness of 1/4 inch (6.4 mm).
926.2.8 Evaporative condensers. Evaporative and air cooled condensers
located on a roof or floor other than a floor on grade shall be mounted
on vibration isolators providing a minimum isolation efficiency of 85
percent at fan rotor rpm with a maximum static deflection of 4 inches
(102 mm). Each isolator shall incorporate a leveling device and a
resilient pad having a minimum thickness of 1/4 inch (6.4 mm).
926.2.9 Duct connections to fan equipment. Flexible connections shall
be installed between fan equipment and connecting ductwork.
CHAPTER 10
BOILERS, WATER HEATERS AND
PRESSURE VESSELS
SECTION MC 1001
GENERAL
1001.1 Scope. This chapter shall establish the minimum safety
requirements for and shall govern the installation, alteration and
repair of boilers, water heaters and pressure vessels.
Exceptions:
1. Pressure vessels used for unheated water supply.
2. Portable unfired pressure vessels and Interstate Commerce
Commission containers.
3. Containers for bulk oxygen and medical gas.
4. Unfired pressure vessels having a volume of 5 cubic feet (0.14
m{3}) or less operating at pressures not exceeding 250 pounds per square
inch (psi)(1724 kPa) and located within occupancies of Groups B, F, H,
M, R, S and U.
5. Pressure vessels used in refrigeration systems that are regulated
by Chapter 11 of this code.
6. Pressure tanks used in conjunction with coaxial cables, telephone
cables, power cables and other similar humidity control systems.
SECTION MC 1002
WATER HEATERS
1002.1 General. Portable water heaters and hot water storage tanks
shall be listed and labeled and installed in accordance with the
manufacturer's installation instructions, the New York City Plumbing
Code and this code. All water heaters shall be capable of being removed
without first removing a permanent portion of the building structure.
The potable water connections and relief valves for all water heaters
shall conform to the requirements of the New York City Plumbing Code.
Domestic electric water heaters shall comply with UL 174 or UL 1453.
Commercial electric water heaters shall comply with UL 1453. Oil-fired
water heaters shall comply with UL 732.
1002.2 Water heaters utilized for space heating. Water heaters
utilized both to supply potable hot water and provide hot water for
space-heating applications shall be listed and labeled for such
applications by the manufacturer, and shall be built in accordance with
Section IV of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code with an "H" code
stamp. They shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's
installation instructions, the ASME Code and the New York City Plumbing
Code.
1002.2.1 Sizing. Water heaters utilized for both potable water heating
and space-heating applications shall be sized to prevent the
space-heating load from diminishing the required potable water-heating
capacity.
1002.2.2 Scald protection. Where a combination potable water-heating
and space-heating system requires water for space heating at
temperatures higher than 140°F (60°C), a tempering valve shall be
provided to temper the water supplied to the potable hot water
distribution system to a temperature of 140°F (60°C) or less.
1002.3 Supplemental water-heating devices. Potable water-heating
devices that utilize refrigerant-to-water heat exchangers shall be
approved and installed in accordance with the New York City Plumbing
Code and the manufacturer's installation instructions.
SECTION MC 1003
PRESSURE VESSELS
1003.1 General. All pressure vessels shall bear the label of an
approved agency and shall be installed in accordance with the
manufacturer's installation instructions. The requirements for unfired
pressure vessels shall be the same as required for boilers designed for
the same operating temperatures.
1003.2 Piping. All piping materials, fittings, joints, connections and
devices associated with systems utilized in conjunction with pressure
vessels shall be designed for the specific application and shall be
approved.
1003.3 Welding. Welding on pressure vessels shall be performed by
approved certified welders in compliance with nationally recognized
standards, ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Sections VIII and IX, 12
NYCRR 4-6.2, and 12 NYCRR 14-3.3 through 14-3.18.
SECTION MC 1004
BOILERS
1004.1 Standards. Oil-fired boilers and their control systems shall be
listed and labeled in accordance with UL 726. Electric boilers and their
control systems shall be listed and labeled in accordance with UL 834.
Boilers shall be designed and constructed in accordance with the
requirements of ASME CSD-1 and as applicable: the ASME Boiler and
Pressure Vessel Code, Sections I, II, IV, V, VI, VII and IX; 12 NYCR
Parts 4 and 14; NFPA 8501; NFPA 8502; and NFPA 8504.
1004.2 Installation. In addition to the requirements of this code, the
installation of boilers shall conform to the manufacturer's
instructions. Operating instructions of a permanent type shall be
attached to the boiler. Boilers shall have all controls set, adjusted
and tested by the installer. The manufacturer's rating data and the
nameplate shall be attached to the boiler.
1004.3 Working clearance. Clearances shall be maintained around
boilers, generators, heaters, tanks and related equipment and appliances
so as to permit inspection, servicing, repair, replacement and
visibility of all gauges. When boilers are installed or replaced,
clearance shall be provided to allow access for inspection, maintenance
and repair. Passageways around all sides of boilers shall have an
unobstructed width of not less than 18 inches (457 mm), unless otherwise
approved, by the commissioner.
1004.3.1 Top clearance. High-pressure steam boilers having a
steam-generating capacity in excess of 5,000 pounds per hour (2268 kg/h)
or having a heating surface in excess of 1,000 square feet (93 m{2}) or
input in excess of 5,000,000 Btu/h (1465 kW) shall have a minimum
clearance of 7 feet (2134 mm) from the top of the boiler to the ceiling.
Steam-heating boilers and hot-water-heating boilers that exceed one of
the following limits: 5,000,000 Btu/h input (1465 kW); 5,000 pounds of
steam per hour (2268 kg/h) capacity or a 1,000-square-foot (93 m{2})
heating surface; and high-pressure steam boilers that do not exceed one
of the following limits: 5,000,000 Btu/h input (1465 kW); 5,000 pounds
of steam per hour (2268 kg/h) capacity or a 1,000-square-foot (93 m{2})
heating surface; and all boilers with manholes on top of the boiler,
shall have a minimum clearance of 3 feet (914 mm) from the top of the
boiler to the ceiling. Package boilers, steam-heating boilers and
hot-water-heating boilers without manholes on top of the shell and not
exceeding one of the limits of this section shall have a minimum
clearance of 2 feet (610 mm) from the ceiling.
1004.4 Mounting. Equipment and appliances shall be set or mounted on a
level base capable of supporting and distributing the weight contained
thereon. Boilers, tanks and equipment shall be securely anchored to the
structure. Equipment and appliances requiring vibration isolation shall
be installed as designed by a registered design professional in
accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions.
1004.5 Floors. Boilers shall be mounted on floors of noncombustible
construction, unless listed for mounting on combustible flooring.
1004.6 Boiler rooms and enclosures. Boiler rooms and enclosures and
access thereto shall comply with the New York City Building Code and
Chapter 3 of this code. Boiler rooms shall be equipped with a floor
drain or other approved means for disposing of liquid waste.
1004.7 Operating adjustments and instructions. Hot water and steam
boilers shall have all operating and safety controls set and
operationally tested by the installing contractor. A complete control
diagram and boiler operating instructions shall be furnished by the
installer for each installation.
1004.8 Burner controls. Gas and oil modulating burners shall be
provided with burner controls (oil and gas equivalent ratings) in
accordance with Table 1004.8.
TABLE 1004.8
MINIMUM CONTROL REQUIREMENTS
------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Gross Output Firing Rate of the Boiler or the
| Burner Oil Delivery Rate (gph),
Type of Control | Whichever is Greater
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Combustion Controls | #6 Oil | #4 Oil | #2 Oil
------------------------------------------------------------------------
On-Off | - | - | -
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Low-High-Off with | | |
low fire start | 20 to 50 | >50 | >50
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Full Modulation with | | |
proven low fire start | | |
as well as | >350 | >350 | >350
Cross-Limited Oxygen | | |
Trim (dry cell | | |
electrochemical type) | | |
------------------------------------------------------------------------
SECTION MC 1005
BOILER CONNECTIONS
1005.1 Valves. Every boiler or modular boiler shall have a shutoff
valve in the supply and return piping. For multiple boiler or multiple
modular boiler installations, each boiler or modular boiler shall have
individual shutoff valves in the supply and return piping.
Exception: Shutoff valves are not required in a system having a single
low-pressure steam boiler of 350,000 Btu/h (103 kW) output or less.
1005.2 Potable water supply. The water supply to all boilers shall be
connected in accordance with the New York City Plumbing Code.
SECTION MC 1006
SAFETY AND PRESSURE RELIEF VALVES
AND CONTROLS
1006.1 Safety valves for steam boilers. All steam boilers shall be
protected with a safety valve.
1006.2 Safety relief valves for hot water boilers. Hot water boilers
shall be protected with a safety relief valve.
1006.3 Pressure relief for pressure vessels. All pressure vessels
shall be protected with a pressure relief valve or pressure-limiting
device as required by the manufacturer's installation instructions for
the pressure vessel.
1006.4 Standards of safety and safety relief valves. Safety and safety
relief valves shall be listed and labeled, and shall have a minimum
rated capacity for the equipment or appliances served. Safety and safety
relief valves shall be set at a maximum of the nameplate pressure rating
of the boiler or pressure vessel.
1006.5 Installation. Safety or relief valves shall be installed
directly into the safety or relief valve opening on the boiler or
pressure vessel. Valves shall not be located on either side of a safety
or relief valve connection. The relief valve shall discharge by gravity.
1006.6 Safety and relief valve discharge. Safety and relief valve
discharge pipes shall be of rigid pipe that is approved for the
temperature of the system. The discharge pipe shall be the same diameter
as the safety or relief valve outlet. Safety and relief valves shall not
discharge so as to be a hazard, a potential cause of damage or otherwise
a nuisance. High-pressure-steam safety valves shall be vented to the
outside of the structure. Where a low-pressure safety valve or a relief
valve discharges to the drainage system, the installation shall conform
to the New York City Plumbing Code.
1006.7 Boiler safety devices. Boilers shall be equipped with controls
and limit devices as required by the manufacturer's installation
instructions and the conditions of the listing.
1006.8 Electrical requirements. The power supply to the electrical
control system shall be from a two-wire branch circuit that has a
grounded conductor, or from an isolation transformer with a two-wire
secondary. Where an isolation transformer is provided, one conductor of
the secondary winding shall be grounded. Control voltage shall not
exceed 150 volts nominal, line to line. Control and limit devices shall
interrupt the ungrounded side of the circuit. A means of manually
disconnecting the control circuit shall be provided and controls shall
be arranged so that when deenergized, the burner shall be inoperative.
Such disconnecting means shall be capable of being locked in the off
position and shall be provided with ready access.
1006.8.1 Remote control (shutdown). A remote control shall be provided
to stop the flow of oil and/or gas and combustion air to any burner or
fuel burning internal combustion equipment. Such control shall be
located outside all means of egress to the room in which the burner or
equipment is located and as close to such entrances as practicable,
except that when an outside location is impracticable, such control may
be located immediately inside the room in which the burner or equipment
is located, provided such location is accessible at all times. All such
controls shall be labeled: "REMOTE CONTROL FOR BURNER".
SECTION MC 1007
BOILER LOW-WATER CUTOFF
1007.1 General. All steam and hot water boilers shall be protected with
dual low-water cutoff control.
1007.1.1 High-Pressure boiler. If the low-water cut off devices are
mounted externally to the boiler, the main and auxiliary low-water cut
offs shall be connected to the boiler using isolated steam side and
water side connection. No other control devices, gauges or valves except
for the water column drain shall be connected to the tappings on the
boiler used for low-water cut offs.
1007.2 Operation. The low-water cutoff shall automatically stop the
combustion operation of the appliance when the water level drops below
the lowest safe water level as established by the manufacturer and in
accordance with ASME CSD-1.
SECTION MC 1008
BOILER BLOWOFF/BLOWDOWN VALVES
1008.1 General. Every boiler shall be equipped with blowoff/blowdown
valve(s). The valve(s) shall be installed in the openings provided on
the boiler. The minimum quantity and size of each valve shall be the
quantity and size specified by the boiler manufacturer or the quantity
and size of the boiler blowoff/blowdown valve opening.
1008.2 Discharge. Blowoff/blowdown valves shall discharge to a safe
place of disposal. Where discharging to the drainage system, the
installation shall conform to the New York City Plumbing Code.
SECTION MC 1009
HOT WATER BOILER EXPANSION TANK
1009.1 Where required. An expansion tank shall be installed in every hot
water system. For multiple boiler installations, a minimum of one
expansion tank is required. Expansion tanks shall be of the closed or
open type. Tanks shall be rated for the pressure of the hot water
system.
1009.2 Closed-type expansion tanks. Closed-type expansion tanks shall
be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. The
size of the tank shall be based on the capacity of the hot-water-heating
system. The minimum size of the tank shall be determined in accordance
with the following equation:
(0.000041T - 0.0466)V[3] (Equation 10-1)
V[t] = -------------------------
(P[a]) (P[a])
------ - ------
(P[f] (P[a])
For SI:
(0.0000738T - 0.03348)V[3]
V[t] = ---------------------------
(P[a]) (P[a])
------ - ------
(P[f]) (P[a])
where:
V[t] = Minimum volume of tanks (gallons) (L).
V[3] = Volume of system, not including expansion tanks (gallons) (L).
T = Average operating temperature (°F) (°C).
P[a] = Atmospheric pressure (psi) (kPa).
P[f] = Fill pressure (psi) (kPa).
P[o] = Maximum operating pressure (psi) (kPa).
1009.3 Open-type expansion tanks. Open-type expansion tanks shall be
located at a minimum of 4 feet (1219 mm) above the highest heating
element. The tank shall be adequately sized for the hot water system. An
overflow with a minimum diameter of 1 inch (25 mm) shall be installed at
the top of the tank. The overflow shall discharge to the drainage system
in accordance with the New York City Plumbing Code.
SECTION MC 1010
GAUGES
1010.1 Hot water boiler gauges. Every hot water boiler shall have a
pressure gauge and a temperature gauge, or a combination pressure and
temperature gauge. The gauges shall indicate the temperature and
pressure within normal range of the system's operation.
1010.2 Steam boiler gauges. Every steam boiler shall have a
water-gauge glass and a pressure gauge. The pressure gauge installed
with a siphon shall indicate the pressure within the normal range of the
system's operation.
1010.2.1 Water-gauge glass. The gauge glass shall be installed so that
the midpoint is at the normal boiler water level.
SECTION MC 1011
TESTS
1011.1 Tests. Upon completion of the assembly and installation of
boilers and pressure vessels, acceptance tests shall be conducted in
accordance with the requirements of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel
Code. Boilers shall not be placed in operation upon completion of
construction until they have been inspected and tested and a certificate
of compliance has been issued by the commissioner. All final inspections
and tests for boilers shall be made by a qualified boiler inspector in
the employ of the department or a duly authorized insurance company as
provided in Section 204 of the Labor Law of the State of New York.
Equipment having a Btu input of not more than 350,000 Btu/la (103 kW)
shall be exempt from this requirement. Where field assembly of pressure
vessels or boilers is required, a copy of the completed H-2, P-2 or U-1
Manufacturer's Data Report required by the ASME Boiler and Pressure
Vessel Code shall be submitted to the department.
1011.2 Test gauges. An indicating test gauge shall be connected
directly to the boiler or pressure vessel where it is visible to the
operator throughout the duration of the test. The pressure gauge scale
shall be graduated over a range of not less than one and one-half times
and not greater than four times the maximum test pressure. All gauges
utilized for testing shall be calibrated and certified by the test
operator.
1011.3 Periodic boiler inspections. Periodic boiler inspections shall
be performed in accordance with Section 28-303 of the Administrative
Code.
CHAPTER 11
REFRIGERATION
SECTION MC 1101
GENERAL
1101.1 Scope. This chapter shall govern the design, installation,
construction and repair of refrigeration systems that vaporize and
liquefy a fluid during the refrigeration cycle. Refrigerant piping
design and installation, including pressure vessels and pressure relief
devices, shall conform to this code. Permanently installed refrigerant
storage systems and other components shall be considered as part of the
refrigeration system to which they are attached.
1101.2 Factory-built equipment and appliances. Listed and labeled
self-contained, factory-built equipment and appliances shall be tested
in accordance with UL 207, 412, 471 or 1995. Such equipment and
appliances are deemed to meet the design, manufacture and factory test
requirements of this code if installed in accordance with their listing
and the manufacturer's installation instructions.
1101.3 Protection. Any portion of a refrigeration system that is
subject to physical damage shall be protected in an approved manner.
1101.4 Water connection. Water supply and discharge connections
associated with refrigeration systems shall be made in accordance with
this code and the New York City Plumbing Code.
1101.5 Fuel-oil and fuel-gas connection. Refrigeration system devices,
equipment and appliances utilizing fuel oil or fuel gas for combustion
shall be installed in accordance with the applicable provisions of the
New York City Fuel Gas Code and this code.
1101.6 General. Refrigeration systems shall comply with the
requirements of this code and, except as modified by this code, ASHRAE
15. Ammonia-refrigerating systems shall comply with this code and,
except as modified by this code, ASHRA 15 and IIAR 2.
1101.7 Maintenance. Mechanical refrigeration systems shall be
maintained in proper operating condition, free from accumulations of
oil, dirt, waste, excessive corrosion, other debris and leaks.
1101.8 Change in refrigerant type. The type of refrigerant in
refrigeration systems having a refrigerant circuit containing more than
220 pounds (100 kg) of Group A1 or 30 pounds (13.6 kg) of any other
group refrigerant shall not be changed without prior notification to the
commissioner and compliance with the applicable code provisions for the
new refrigerant type. The refrigerant being considered shall be
evaluated for suitability by an engineer. Whenever change in the type of
refrigerant is to be done, consideration shall be given to the
following:
1. The effects of the substitute refrigerant on materials in the
system;
2. The possibility of over loading the liquid receiver, which shall
not be more than 80 percent full of liquid;
3. The possibility of exceeding motor rating, design working pressure,
or other requirements that would violate any of the provisions of this
code;
4. The proper size of refrigerant controls;
5. The effect of the operation and setting of safety devices;
6. The possible hazards created by mixture of the original and the
substituted refrigerant; and
7. The effect of the classification of the refrigerant as provided.
1101.9 Refrigerant discharge. Notification of refrigerant discharge
shall be provided in accordance with the New York City Fire Code.
1101.10 Gas and oil fired absorption systems. Refrigeration systems
utilizing fuel oil or fuel gas for combustion shall be installed in
accordance with the applicable provisions of the New York City Fuel Gas
Code and this code.
1101.11 Signs, nameplates, and operation and emergency shutdown
instructions. Signs, nameplates, and operation and emergency shutdown
instructions for refrigeration systems shall comply with the following:
1. Sections 9.15, 11.2.1, 11.2.2, 11.2.4, and 11.7 of ASHRAE 15.
2. Each refrigeration unit or system shall be provided with a
nameplate indicating the horsepower of the prime mover or compressor and
the equivalent of such horsepower in kilowatts.
3. Section 1105.10 of this code.
SECTION MC 1102
SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
1102.1 General. The system classification, allowable refrigerants,
maximum quantity, enclosure requirements, location limitations, and
field pressure test requirements shall be determined as follows:
1. Determine the refrigeration systems classification, in accordance
with Section 1103.3.
2. Determine the refrigerant classification in accordance with Section
1103.1.
3. Determine the maximum allowable quantity of refrigerant in
accordance with Section 1104, based on type of refrigerant, system
classification, and occupancy.
4. Determine the system enclosure requirements in accordance with
section 1104.
5. Refrigeration equipment and appliance location and installation
shall be subject to the limitations of Chapter 3.
6. Nonfactory-tested, field-erected equipment and appliances shall be
pressure tested in accordance with Section 1108.
1102.2 Refrigerants. The refrigerant shall be that which the equipment
or appliance was designed to utilize or converted to utilize.
Refrigerants not identified in Table 1103.1 shall be approved before
use.
1102.2.1 Mixing. Refrigerants, including refrigerant blends, with
different designations in ASHRAE 34 shall not be mixed in a system.
Exception: Addition of a second refrigerant is allowed where permitted
by the equipment or appliance manufacturer to improve oil return at low
temperatures. The refrigerant and amount added shall be in accordance
with the manufacturer's instructions.
1102.2.2 Purity. Refrigerants used in refrigeration systems shall be
new, recovered or reclaimed refrigerants in accordance with Section
1102.2.2.1, 1102.2.2.2 or 1102.2.2.3. Where required by the equipment or
appliance owner, the installer shall furnish a signed declaration that
the refrigerant used meets the requirements of Section 1102.2.2.1,
1102.2.2.2 or 1102.2.2.3.
Exception: The refrigerant used shall meet the purity specifications
set by the manufacturer of the equipment or appliance in which such
refrigerant is used where such specifications are different from that
specified in Sections 1102.2.2.1, 1102.2.2.2 and 1102.2.2.3.
1102.2.2.1 New refrigerants. Refrigerants shall be of a purity level
specified by the equipment or appliance manufacturer.
1102.2.2.2 Recovered refrigerants. Refrigerants that are recovered
from refrigeration and air-conditioning systems shall not be reused in
other than the system from which they were recovered and in other
systems of the same owner. Recovered refrigerants shall be filtered and
dried before reuse. Recovered refrigerants that show clear signs of
contamination shall not be reused unless reclaimed in accordance with
Section 1102.2.23.
1102.2.2.3 Reclaimed refrigerants. Used refrigerants shall not be
reused in a different owner's equipment or appliances unless tested and
found to meet the purity requirements of ARI 700. Contaminated
refrigerants shall not be used unless reclaimed and found to meet the
purity requirements of ARI 700.
SECTION MC 1103
REFRIGERATION SYSTEM CLASSIFICATION
1103.1 Refrigerant classification. Refrigerants shall be classified in
accordance with ASHRAE 34 as listed in Table 1103.1.
______________________________________________________________
1 |
2 |
3 COPY OF TABLE 1103.1 |
4 MAY BE OBTAINED FROM: |
5 NYS LEGISLATIVE BILL DRAFTING COMMISSION |
6 CONTACT: LEGISLATIVE RETRIEVAL SYSTEM'S HELPLINE |
7 |
8 |
9____________________________________________________________|
1103.2 Occupancy classification. Locations of refrigerating systems
are described by occupancy classifications that consider the ability of
people to respond to potential exposure to refrigerants. Where
equipment or appliances, other than piping, are located outside a
building and within 20 feet (6096 mm) of any building opening, such
equipment or appliances shall be governed by the occupancy
classification of the building. Occupancy classifications shall be
defined as follows:
1. Institutional occupancy is that portion of premises from which,
because they are disabled, debilitated or confined, occupants cannot
readily leave without the assistance of others. Institutional
occupancies include, among others, hospitals, nursing homes, asylums and
spaces containing locked cells.
2. Public assembly occupancy is that portion of premises where large
numbers of people congregate and from which occupants cannot quickly
vacate the space. Public assembly occupancies include, among others,
auditoriums, ballrooms, classrooms, passenger depots, restaurants and
theaters.
3. Residential occupancy is that portion of premises that provides the
occupants with complete independent living facilities, including
permanent provisions for living, sleeping, eating, cooking and
sanitation. Residential occupancies include, among others, dormitories,
hotels, multi-unit apartments and private residences.
4. Commercial occupancy is that portion of premises where people
transact business, receive personal service or purchase food and other
goods. Commercial occupancies include, among others, office and
professional buildings, markets (but not large mercantile occupancies)
and work or storage areas that do not qualify as industrial occupancies.
5. Large mercantile occupancy is that portion of premises where more
than 100 persons congregate on levels above or below street level to
purchase personal merchandise.
6. Industrial occupancy is that portion of premises that is not open
to the public, where access by authorized persons is controlled, and
that is used to manufacture, process or store goods such as chemicals,
food, ice, meat or petroleum.
7. Mixed occupancy occurs when two or more occupancies are located
within the same building. When each occupancy is isolated from the rest
of the building by tight walls, floors and ceilings and by self-closing
doors, the requirements for each occupancy shall apply to its portion of
the building. When the various occupancies are not so isolated, the
occupancy having the most stringent requirements shall be the governing
occupancy.
1103.3 System classification. Refrigeration systems shall be
classified according to the degree of probability that refrigerant
leaked from a failed connection, seal, or component could enter an
occupied area. The distinction is based on the basic design or location
of the components.
1103.3.1 Low-probability systems. Double-indirect open-spray systems,
indirect closed systems and indirect vented closed systems shall be
classified as low-probability systems, provided that all
refrigerant-containing piping and fittings are isolated when the
quantities in Table 1103.1 are exceeded.
1103.3.2 High-probability systems. Direct systems and indirect
open-spray systems shall be classified as high-probability systems.
Exception: An indirect open-spray system shall not be required to be
classified as a high-probability system if the pressure of the secondary
coolant is at all times (operating and standby) greater than the
pressure of the refrigerant.
SECTION MC 1104
SYSTEM APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS
1104.1 General. The refrigerant, occupancy and system classification
cited in this section shall be determined in accordance with Sections
1103.1, 1103.2 and 1103.3, respectively. For refrigerant blends assigned
dual classification, as formulated and for the worst case of
fractionation, the classifications for the worst case of fractionation
shall be used. Use of a Group A3 or Group B3 refrigerant is prohibited.
In an industrial occupancy, a Group A3 or Group B3 refrigerant may be
used in high or low-probability systems only when approved by the
commissioner and the Commissioner of the Fire Department. Such use will
be approved only if the applicant can demonstrate to the satisfaction of
the commissioner and the Commissioner of the Fire Department that the
use of the refrigerant is a necessity and does not represent a
substantial risk to life, limb, health or property.
1104.2 Machinery room. Except as provided in Sections 1104.2.1 and
1104.2.2, all components containing the refrigerant shall be located
either outdoors or in a machinery room where the quantity of refrigerant
in an independent circuit of a system exceeds the amounts shown in Table
1103.1. For refrigerant blends not listed in Table 1103.1, the same
requirement shall apply when the amount for any blend component exceeds
that indicated in Table 1103.1 for that component. This requirement
shall also apply when the combined amount of the blend components
exceeds a limit of 69,100 parts per million (ppm) by volume. Machinery
rooms required by this section shall be constructed and maintained in
accordance with Section 1105 for Group A1 and B1 refrigerants and in
accordance with Sections 1105 and 1106 for Group A2, B2, A3 and B3
refrigerants. Nothing in this section shall be construed to allow the
use of Group A3 and B3 refrigerants if otherwise prohibited.
Exceptions:
1. Machinery rooms are not required for listed equipment and
appliances containing not more than 6.6 pounds (3 kg) of refrigerant,
regardless of the refrigerant's safety classification, where installed
in accordance with the equipment's or appliance's listing and the
equipment or appliance manufacturer's installation instructions.
2. Piping in conformance with Section 1107 of this chapter and Section
8.10 of ASHRAE 15 is allowed in other locations to connect components
installed in a machinery room with those installed outdoors.
1104.2.1 Institutional occupancies. The amounts shown in Table 1103.1
shall be reduced by 50 percent for all areas of institutional
occupancies except kitchens, laboratories, and mortuaries. The total of
all Group A2, B2, A3 and B3 refrigerants shall not exceed 550 pounds
(250 kg) in occupied areas or machinery rooms. Nothing in this section
shall be construed to allow the use of Group A3 and B3 refrigerants if
otherwise prohibited.
1104.2.2 Industrial occupancies and refrigerated rooms. This section
applies only to industrial occupancies and refrigerated rooms for
manufacturing, food and beverage preparation, meat cutting, other
processes and storage. Machinery rooms are not required where all of the
following conditions are met:
1. The space containing the machinery is separated from other
occupancies by tight construction with tight-fitting doors.
2. Access is restricted to authorized personnel.
3. The floor area per occupant is not less than 100 square feet (9.3
m{2}). Where provided with egress directly to the outdoors or into
building exits meeting the requirements of the New York City Building
Code, the minimum floor area shall not apply.
4. Refrigerant detectors are installed as required for machinery rooms
in accordance with section 1105.3.
5. Surfaces having temperatures exceeding 800°F (427°C) and open
flames are not present where any Group A2, B2, A3 or B3 refrigerant is
used (see Section 1104.3.4). Nothing in this section shall be construed
to allow the use of Group A3 and B3 refrigerants of otherwise
prohibited.
6. All electrical equipment and appliances conform to Class 1,
Division 2, hazardous location classification requirements of NFPA 70
where the quantity of any Group A2, B2, A3 or B3 refrigerant in a single
independent circuit would exceed 25 percent of the lower flammability
limit (LFL) upon release to the space. Nothing in this section shall be
construed to allow the use of Group A3 and B3 refrigerants if otherwise
prohibited.
7. All refrigerant-containing parts in systems exceeding 100 hp (74.6
kW) drive power, except evaporators used for refrigeration or
dehumidification; condensers used for heating; control and pressure
relief valves for either; and connecting piping, shall be located either
outdoors or in a machinery room.
1104.3 Refrigerant restrictions. Refrigerant applications, maximum
quantities and use shall be restricted in accordance with Sections
1104.3.1 through 1104.3.4.
1104.3.1 Air-conditioning for human comfort. In other than industrial
occupancies where the quantity in a single independent circuit does not
exceed the amount in Table 1103.1, Group B1, B2 and B3 refrigerants
shall not be used in high-probability systems for air-conditioning for
human comfort. Nothing in this section shall be construed to allow the
use of Group A3 and B3 refrigerants if otherwise prohibited.
1104.3.2 Nonindustrial occupancies. Group A2 and B2 refrigerants shall
not be used in high-probability systems where the quantity or
refrigerant in any independent refrigerant circuit exceeds the amount
shown in Table 1104.3.2.
TABLE 1104.3.2
MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE QUANTITIES OF REFRIGERANTS
------------------------------------------------------------------------
| MAXIMUM POUNDS(kg) FOR VARIOUS OCCUPANCIES
TYPE OF | | | |
REFRIGERATION |Institutional| Assembly | Residential | All other
SYSTEM | | | | occupancies
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sealed absorpt- | | | |
ion system | | | |
In exit access| 0(0) | 0(0) | 3.3(1.5) | 3.3(1.5)
In adjacent | | | |
outdoor | | | |
locations | 0(0) | 0(0) | 22(10) | 22(10)
In other than | | | |
exit access | 0(0) | 6.3(3) | 6.6(3) | 6.6(3)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unit Systems | | | |
In other than | | | |
exit access | 0(0) | 0(0) | 6.6(3) | 6.6(3)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
For SI: 1 pound = 0.454 kg.
1104.3.3 All occupancies. The total of all Group A2, B2, A3 and B3
refrigerants other than R-717, ammonia, shall not exceed 1,100 pounds
(499 kg) except where approved. Nothing in this section shall be
construed to allow the use of Group A3 and B3 refrigerants if otherwise
prohibited.
1104.3.4 Protection from refrigerant decomposition. Where any device
having an open flame or surface temperature greater than 800°F (427°C)
is used in a room containing more than 6.6 pounds (3 kg) of refrigerant
in a single independent circuit, a hood and exhaust system shall be
provided in accordance with Section 510. Such exhaust system shall
exhaust combustion products to the outdoors.
Exception: A hood and exhaust system shall not be required:
1. Where the refrigerant is R-717, R-718, or R-744;
2. Where the combustion air is ducted from the outdoors in a manner
that prevents leaked refrigerant from being combusted; or
3. Where refrigerant detector is used to stop the combustion in the
event of a refrigerant leak (see Sections 1105.3 and 1105.5)
1104.4 Volume calculations. Volume calculations shall be in accordance
with Sections 1104.4.1 through 1104.4.3.
1104.4.1 Noncommunicating spaces. Where the refrigerant-containing
parts of a system are located on one or more spaces that do not
communicate through permanent openings or HVAC ducts, the volume of the
smallest, enclosed occupied space shall be used to determine the
permissible quantity of refrigerant in the system.
1104.4.2 Communicating spaces. Where an evaporator or condenser is
located in an air duct system, the volume of the smallest, enclosed
occupied space served by the duct system shall be used to determine the
maximum allowable quantity of refrigerant in the system.
Exception: If airflow to any enclosed space cannot be reduced below
one-quarter of its maximum, the entire space served by the air duct
system shall be used to determine the maximum allowable quantity of
refrigerant in the system.
1104.4.3 Plenums. Where the space above a suspended ceiling is
continuous and part of the supply or return air plenum system, this
space shall be included in calculating the volume of the enclosed space.
SECTION MC 1105
MACHINERY ROOM, GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
1105.1 Design and construction. Machinery rooms shall be designed and
constructed in accordance with the New York City Building Code and this
section.
1105.2 Openings. Ducts and air handlers in the machinery room that
operate at a lower pressure than the room shall be sealed to prevent any
refrigerant leakage from entering the airstream.
1105.3 Refrigerant detector. Refrigerant detectors in machinery rooms
shall be provided as required by ASHRAE 15.
1105.4 Tests. Periodic tests of the mechanical ventilating system
shall be performed in accordance with manufacturer's specifications and
as required by the Commissioner of the Fire Department.
1105.5 Fuel-burning appliances. Open flames that use combustion air
from the machinery room shall not be installed in a machinery room.
Exceptions:
1. Matches, lighters, halide leak detectors and similar devices.
2. Where th refrigerant is carbon dioxide or water.
3. Fuel-burning appliances shall not be prohibited in the same
machinery room with refrigerant-containing equipment or appliances where
combustion air is ducted from outside the machinery room and sealed in
such a manner as to prevent any refrigerant leakage from entering the
combustion chamber, or where a refrigerant vapor detector is employed to
automatically shut off the combustion process in the event of
refrigerant leakage.
1105.6 Ventilation. Machinery rooms shall be mechanically ventilated
to the outdoors. Mechanical ventilation shall be capable of exhausting
the minimum quantity of air both at normal operating and emergency
conditions. Multiple fans or multispeed fans shall be allowed in order
to produce the emergency ventilation rate and to obtain a reduced
airflow for normal ventilation. Location of the mechanical ventilation
openings shall be based on the relative density of the refrigerant to
air. When compressors or self-contained unit system are housed in a
machinery space, other than in a machinery room or plenum, the space
shall be ventilated in accordance with the requirements of Section
1105.6.3.
Exception: Where a refrigerating system is located outdoors more than
20 feet (6096 mm) from any building opening and is enclosed by a
penthouse, lean-to or other open structure, natural ventilation may be
provided in lieu of mechanical ventilation. Location of the natural
ventilation openings shall be based on the relative density of the
refrigerant to air. The free-aperture cross section for the ventilation
of the machinery room shall not less than:
F = Square root of G (Equation 11-1)
For SI: F = 0.138 Square root of G
where:
F = The free opening area in square feet (m{2})
G = The mass of refrigerant in pounds (kg) in the largest system, any
part of which is located in the machinery room.
1105.6.1 Discharge location. The discharge of the air shall be to the
outdoors in accordance with Chapter 5. Exhaust from mechanical
ventilation systems shall be discharged not less than 20 feet (6096 mm)
from outdoor air intake or openings and 10 feet (3048 mm) from a fire
escape or exterior stair.
1105.6.2 Make-up air. Provisions shall be made for make-up air to
replace that being exhausted. Openings for make-up air shall be located
to avoid intake of exhaust air. Supply and exhaust ducts to the
machinery room shall serve no other area, shall be constructed in
accordance with Chapter 5 and shall be covered with corrosion-resistant
screen of not less than 1/4-inch (6.4 mm) mesh.
Exception: The requirement for supply and exhaust ducts to the
machinery room to serve no other area shall not apply to a change in the
type of refrigerant in a lawfully installed existing refrigerating
system being maintained and operated in accordance with these approved
installation requirements:
1. Where the replacement refrigerant has a safety classification of
Group A1; or
2. Where the replacement refrigerant is R123 and the engineer or
architect demonstrates to the satisfaction of the commissioner that
providing such air supply and exhaust ducts represents a hardship and
that the proposed alternative provides an equivalent level of safety.
1105.6.3 Quantity-normal ventilation. During occupied conditions, the
mechanical ventilation system shall exhaust the larger of the following:
1. Not less than 0.5 cfm per square foot (0.0025 m{3}/s m{2}) of
machinery room area or 20 cfm (0.009 m{3}/s) per person; or
2. A volume required to limit the room temperature rise to 18°F (10°C)
taking into account the ambient heating effect of all machinery in the
room but not above a maximum temperature of 122°F (50°C).
1105.6.4 Quantity-emergency conditions. Upon actuation of the
refrigerant detector required in Section 1105.3, the mechanical
ventilation system shall exhaust air from the machinery room in the
following quantity:
Q = 100 x square root of G (Equation 11-2)
For SI: Q = 0.07 x square root of G
where:
Q = The airflow in cubic feet per minute (m{3/s})
G = The design mass of refrigerant in pounds (kg) in the largest
system, any part of which is located in the machinery room.
1105.7 Termination of relief devices. In addition to the requirements
of Section 9.7.8 of ASHRAE 15, pressure relief devices, fusible plugs
and purge systems located within the machinery room shall terminate
outside of the structure at a location not less than 15 feet (4572 mm)
above the adjoining grade level and not less than 20 feet (6096 mm) from
any window, ventilation opening or exit.
1105.7.1 Discharge of Group A2, B2, A3 and B3 refrigerants. Discharge
of systems containing Group A2 or B2 refrigerants shall be acceptable to
the commissioner. Discharge of systems containing Group A3 or B3
refrigerants shall be subject to the approval of the commissioner and
the Commissioner of the Fire Department. Nothing in this section shall
be construed to approve the use of Group A3 and B3 refrigerants if
otherwise prohibited.
1105.7.2 Certificate of qualification. Discharge of pressure relief
devices, fusible plugs and purge systems for refrigerating systems
containing flammable, toxic and highly toxic refrigerants and ammonia
shall comply with Section 606 of the New York City Fire Code.
1105.8 Ammonia discharge. Pressure relief valves for ammonia systems
shall discharge in accordance with ASHRAE 15.
1105.9 Remote control. A clearly identified switch of the break-glass
type shall provide off-only control of the compressors in the machinery
room. A second clearly identified switch of the break-glass type shall
provide on-only control of the machinery room ventilation fans. Such
switches shall be located outside each entrance to the machinery room
and as close to the entrance as practicable, except that when an outside
location is impracticable, such switches may be located immediately
inside the machinery room provided such location is accessible at all
times.
1105.10 Emergency signs. Signs shall comply with the following:
1. Sections 8.11.8 and 11.2.4 of ASHRAE 15.
2. Refrigeration units or systems having a refrigerant circuit
containing more than 220 pounds (100 kg) of Group A1 or 30 pounds (14
kg) of any the group refrigerant shall be provided with approved
emergency signs, charts, and labels in accordance with NFPA 704.
SECTION MC 1106
MACHINERY ROOM, SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS
1106.1 General. Where required by Section 1104.2, the machinery room
shall meet the requirements of this section in addition to the
requirements of Section 1105.
1106.2 Elevated temperature. There shall not be an open
flame-producing device or continuously operating hot surface over 800°F
(427°C) permanently installed in the room.
1106.3 Ammonia room ventilation. Ventilation systems in ammonia
machinery rooms shall be operated continuously.
Exceptions:
1. Machinery rooms equipped with a vapor detector that will
automatically start the ventilation system and actuate an alarm at a
detection level not to exceed 1,000 ppm; or
2. Machinery rooms conforming to the Class 1, Division 2, hazardous
location classification requirements of the New York City Electrical
Code.
1106.4 Flammable refrigerants. Where refrigerants of Groups A2, A3, B2
and B3 are used, the machinery room shall conform to the Class 1,
Division 2, hazardous location classification requirements of the New
York City Electrical Code.
Exception: Ammonia machinery rooms. Nothing in this section shall be
construed to approve the use of Group A3 and B3 refrigerants if
otherwise prohibited.
1106.5 Remote controls. Remote control of the mechanical equipment and
appliances located in the machinery room shall be provided at an
accessible location immediately outside the machinery room and adjacent
to its principal entrance.
1106.5.1 Refrigeration system. A clearly identified switch of the
break-glass type shall provide off-only control of all electrically
energized equipment and appliances in the machinery room, other than
refrigerant leak detectors and machinery room ventilation.
1106.6 Reserved.
SECTION MC 1107
REFRIGERANT PIPING
1107.1 General. All refrigerant piping shall be installed, tested and
placed in operation in accordance with this chapter.
1107.2 Pipe enclosures. Rigid or flexible metal enclosures or pipe
ducts shall be provided for soft, annealed copper tubings used for
refrigerant piping erected on the premises and containing other than
Group A1 refrigerant. Enclosures shall not be required for connections
between condensing units and the nearest riser box(es), provided such
connections do not exceed 6 feet (1829 mm) in length.
1107.3 Condensation. All refrigerating piping and fittings, brine
piping and fittings that, during normal operation, will reach a surface
temperature below the dew point of the surrounding air, and are located
in spaces or areas where condensation will cause a safety hazard to the
building occupants, structure, electrical equipment or any other
equipment or appliances, shall be protected in an approved manner to
prevent such damage.
1107.4 Materials for refrigerant pipe and tubing. Piping materials
shall be as set forth in Sections 1107.4.1 through 1107.4.6.
1107.4.1 Steel pipe. Carbon steel pipe with a wall thickness not less
than Schedule 80 shall be used for Group A2, A3, B2 or B3 refrigerant
liquid lines for sizes 1.5 inches (38 mm) and smaller. Carbon steel pipe
with a wall thickness not less than Schedule 40 shall be used for Group
A1 or B1 refrigerant liquid lines 6 inches (152 mm) and smaller, Group
A2, A3, B2 or B3 refrigerant liquid lines sizes 2 inches (51 mm) through
6 inches (152 mm) and all refrigerant suction and discharge lines 6
inches (152 mm) and smaller. Type F steel pipe shall not be used for
refrigerant lines having an operating temperature less than -20°F
(-29°C).
1107.4.2 Copper and brass pipe. Standard iron-pipe size, copper and
red brass (not less than 80-percent copper) pipe shall conform to ASTM B
42 and ASTM B 43.
1107.4.3 Copper tube. Copper tube used for refrigerant piping erected
on the premises shall be seamless copper tube of Type ACR (hard or
annealed) complying with ASTM B 280. Where approved, copper tube for
refrigerant piping erected on the premises shall be seamless copper tube
of Type K or L (drawn or annealed) in accordance with ASTM B 88.
Annealed temper copper tube shall not be used in sizes larger than a
2-inch (51 mm) nominal size. Mechanical joints shall not be used on
annealed temper copper tube in sizes larger than 7/8-inch (22.2) mm OD
size.
1107.4.4 Copper tubing joints. Copper tubing joints used in
refrigeration systems containing Group A2, A3, B1, B2 or B3 refrigerants
shall be brazed. Soldered joints shall not be used in such refrigerating
systems.
1107.4.5 Aluminum tube. Type 3003-0 aluminum tubing with high-pressure
fittings shall not be used with methyl chloride and other refrigerants
known to attack aluminum.
1107.4.6 Insulation. Pipe and chiller insulation shall meet the
requirements of Section 1204.1 of this code.
1107.5 Joints and refrigerant-containing parts in air ducts. Joints
and all refrigerant-containing parts of a refrigerating system located
in an air duct of an air-conditioning system carrying conditioned air to
and from human-occupied space shall be constructed to withstand, without
leakage, a pressure of 150 percent of the higher of the design pressure
or pressure relief device setting.
1107.6 Exposure of refrigerant pipe joints. Refrigerant pipe joints
erected on the premises shall be exposed for visual inspection prior to
be being covered or enclosed.
1107.7 Stop valves. All systems containing more than 6.6 pounds (3 kg)
of a refrigerant in systems using positive-displacement compressors
shall have stop valves installed ass follows:
1. At the inlet of each compressor, compressor unit or condensing
unit.
2. At the discharge outlet of each compressor, compressor unit or
condensing unit and of each liquid receiver.
Exceptions:
1. Systems that have a refrigerant pumpout function capable of storing
the entire refrigerant charge in a receiver or heat exchanger.
2. Systems that are equipped with provisions for pumpout of the
refrigerant using either portable or permanently installed recovery
equipment.
3. Self-contained systems.
1107.7.1 Liquid receivers. All systems containing 100 pounds (45 kg)
or more of a refrigerant, other than systems utilizing nonpositive
displacement compressors, shall have stop valves, in addition to those
required by Section 1107.7, on each inlet of each liquid receiver. Stop
valves shall not be required on the inlet of a receiver in a condensing
unit, nor on the inlet of a receiver which is an integral part of the
condenser.
1107.7.2 Copper tubing. Stop valves used with soft annealed copper
tubing or hard-drawn copper tubing 7/8-inch (22.2 mm) OD standard size
or smaller shall be securely mounted, independent of tubing fastenings
or supports.
1107.7.3 Identification. Stoop valves shall be identified where their
intended purpose is not obvious. Numbers hall not be used to label the
valves, unless a key to the numbers is located near the valves.
SECTION MC 1108
FIELD TEST
1108.1 General. Every refrigerant-containing part of every system that
is erected on the premises, except compressors, condensers, vessels,
evaporators, safety devices, pressure gauges and control mechanisms that
are listed and factory tested, shall be tested and proved tight after
complete installation, and before operation. Tests shall include both
the high- and low-pressure sides of each system at not less than the
lower of the design pressures or the setting of the pressure relief
device(s). the design pressures for testing shall be those listed on the
condensing unit, compressor or compressor unit name-plate, as required
by ASHRAE 15.
Exceptions:
1. Gas bulk storage tanks that are not permanently connected to a
refrigeration system.
2. Systems using an A1 refrigerant erected on the premises with copper
tubing not exceeding 5/8-inch (15.8 mm) OD, with wall thickness as
required by ASHRAE 15, shall be tested in accordance with Section
1108.1, or by means of refrigerant charged into the system at the
saturated vapor pressure of the refrigerant at 70°F (21°C) or higher.
3. Limited-charge systems equipped with a pressure relief device,
erected on the premises, shall be tested at a pressure not less than one
and one-half times the pressure setting of the relief device. If the
equipment or appliance has been tested by the manufacturer at one and
one-half times the design pressure, the test after erection on the
premises shall be conducted at the design pressure.
1108.1.1 Booster compressor. Where a compressor is used as a booster
to obtain an intermediate pressure and discharges into the suction side
of another compressor, the booster compressor shall be considered a part
of the low side, provided that it is protected by a pressure relief
device.
1108.1.2 Centrifugal/nonpositive displacement compressors. In
field-testing systems using centrifugal or other nonpositive
displacement compressors, the entire system shall be considered as the
low-side pressure for field test purposes.
1108.2 Test gases. Tests shall be performed with an inert-dried gas
including, but not limited to, nitrogen and carbon dioxide. Oxygen, air,
flammable gases and mixtures containing such gases shall not be used.
Exceptions:
1. The use of air is allowed to test R-717, ammonia, systems provided
that they are subsequently evacuated before charging with refrigerant.
2. Mixtures of dry nitrogen, inert gases, or a combination of them
with nonflammable refrigerants in concentrations of a refrigerant weight
fraction (mass fraction) not exceeding 5 are allowed for tests.
1108.3 Test apparatus. The means used to build up the test pressure
shall have either a pressure-limiting device or a pressure-reducing
device and a gauge on the outlet side.
1108.4 Declaration. A certificate of test shall be provided for all
systems containing 55 pounds (25 kg) or more of refrigerant. The
certificate shall give the name of the refrigerant and the field test
pressure applied to the high-side and the low side of the system. The
certification of test shall be signed by the installer and shall be made
part of the public record.
SECTION MC 1109
PERIODIC TESTING
1109.1 Testing required. The following emergency devices and systems
shall be periodically tested and the results logged in accordance with
the manufacture's instructions and as required by the Commissioner of
the Fire Department:
1. Treatment and flaring systems.
2. Valves and appurtenances necessary to the operation of emergency
refrigeration control boxes.
3. Fans and associated equipment intended to operate emergency purge
ventilation systems.
4. Detection and alarm systems.
1109.2 Operation. Operating permits and qualification of operators for
refrigeration systems shall comply with the requirements of the New York
City Fire Code and the rules of the Fire Department.
CHAPTER 12 HYDRONIC PIPING
SECTION MC 1201
GENERAL
1201.1 Scope. The provisions of this chapter shall govern the
construction, installation, alteration and repair of hydronic piping
systems. This chapter shall apply to hydronic piping systems that are
part of heating, ventilation and air-conditioning systems. Such piping
systems hall include steam, hot water, chilled water, condenser water,
cooling coil condensate drain, steam condensate and ground source heat
pump loop systems. Potable cold and hot water distribution systems shall
be installed in accordance with the New York City Plumbing Code.
1201.2 Pipe sizing. Piping for hyudronic systems shall be sized for
the demand of the system.
SECTION MC 1202
MATERIAL
1202.1 Piping. Piping material shall conform to the standards cited in
this section.
Exception: Embedded piping regulated by Section 1209.
12.2.2 Used existing materials. Reused pipe, fittings, valves or other
materials shall be clean and free of foreign materials.
1202.3 Material rating. Materials shall be rated for the operating
temperature and pressure of the hydronic system. Materials shall be
suitable for the type of fluid in the hydronic system.
1202.4 Piping materials standards. Hydronic pipe shall conform to the
standards listed in Table 1202.4. the exterior of the pipe shall be
protected from corrosion and degradation.
TABLE 1202.4
HYDRONIC PIPE
------------------------------------------------------------------------
MATERIAL | STANDARD (see Chapter 15)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene |
(ABS) plastic pipe | ASTM D 1227; ASTM D 2282
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Brass pipe | ASTM B 43
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Brass tubing | ASTM B 135
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copper or copper-alloy pipe | ASTM B 42; ASTM B 302
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copper or copper-alloy tube | ASTM B 75; ASTM B 88
(Type K, L or M) | ASTM B 251
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride | ASTM D 2846; ASTM F 441;
(CPVC) plastic pipe | ASTM F 442
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cross-linked polyethylene/ |
aluminum/cross-linked |
polyethylene | ASTM F 1281;
(PEX-AL-PEX) pressure pipe | CSA CAN/CSA-B-137.10
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cross-linked polyethylene |
(PEX) tubing | ASTM F 876; ASTM F 877
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Polyethylene (PE) pipe, | ASTM D 2513; ASTM D 3035;
tubing and fittings (for | ASTM D 2447; ASTM D 2683;
ground source heat pump | ASTM F 1055; ASTM D 2837;
loop systems) | ASTM D 3350; ASTM D 1693
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) |
plastic pipe | ASTM D 1785; ASTM D 2241
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Steel pipe | ASTM A 53; ASTM A 106
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Steel tubing | ASTM A 254
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cross-linked polyethylene |
(PEX) tubing | ASTM F 876; ASTM F 877
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Lead pipe | FS WW-P-325B
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Polybutylene (PB) plastic pipe |
and tubing | ASTM D 3309
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Polyethylene (PE) pipe, | ASTM D 2513; ASTM D 3035;
tubing and fittings (for | ASTM D 2447; ASTM D 2683;
ground source heat pump | ASTM F 1055; ASTM D 2837;
loop systems) | ASTM D 3350; ASTM D 1693
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastic |
pipe | ASTM D 1785; ASTM D 2241
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Steel pipe | ASTM A 53; ASTM A 106
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Steel tubing | ASTM A 254
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1202.5 Pipe fittings. Hydronic pipe fittings shall be approved for
installation with the piping materials to be installed, and shall
conform to the respective pipe standards or to the standards listed in
Table 1202.5.
TABLE 1202.5
HYDRONIC PIPE FITTINGS
------------------------------------------------------------------------
MATERIAL | STANDARD (see Chapter 15)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bronze | ASME B16.24
------------------------------------------------------------------------
| ASME B16.15; ASME B16.18;
Copper and copper alloys | ASME B16.22; ASME B16.23;
| ASME B16.26; ASME B16.29
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Gray Iron | ASTM A 126
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Malleable iron | ASME B16.3
------------------------------------------------------------------------
| ASTM D 2466; ASTM D 2467;
Plastic | ASTM D 2468; ASTM F 438;
| ASTM F 439; ASTM F 877
------------------------------------------------------------------------
| ASME B16.5; ASME B16.9;
Steel | ASME B16.11; ASME B16.28;
| ASTM A 420
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Brass | ASTM F 1974
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1202.6 Valves. Valves shall be constructed of materials that are
compatible with the type of piping material and fluids in the system.
Valves shall be rated for the temperatures and pressures of the systems
in which the valves are installed.
1202.7 Flexible connectors, expansion and vibration compensators.
Flexible connectors, expansion and vibration control devices and
fittings shall be of an approved type.
SECTION MC 1203
JOINTS AND CONNECTIONS
1203.1 Approval. Joints and connections shall be of an approved type.
Joints and connections shall be tight for the pressure of the hydronic
system.
1203.1.1 Joints between different piping materials. Joints between
different piping materials shall be made with approved adapter fittings.
Joints between different metallic piping materials shall be made with
approved dielectric fittings or brass converter fittings.
1203.2 Preparation of pipe ends. Pipe shall be cut square, reamed and
chamfered, and shall be free of burrs and obstructions. Pipe ends shall
have full-bore openings and shall not be undercut.
1203.3 Joint preparation and installation. When required by Section
1203.4 through 1203.14, the preparation and installation of brazed,
mechanical, soldered, solvent-cemented, threaded and welded joints shall
comply with Sections 1203.3.1 through 1203.3.7.
1203.3.1 Brazed joints. Joint surfaces shall be cleaned. An approved
flux shall be applied where required. The joint shall be brazed with a
filler metal conforming to AWS A 5.8.
1203.3.2 Mechanical joints. Mechanical joints shall be installed in
accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
1203.3.3 Soldered joints. Joint surfaces shall be cleaned. A flux
conforming to ASTM B 813 shall be applied. The joint shall be soldered
with a solder conforming to ASTM B 32.
1203.3.4 Solvent-cemented joints. CPVC joints shall be made in
accordance with ASTM D 2846. Joint surfaces shall be clean and free of
moisture. An approved primer shall be applied to CPVC and PVC pipe-joint
surfaces. Joints shall be made while the cement is wet. Solvent cement
conforming to the following standards shall be applied to all joint
surfaces:
1. ASTM D 2235 for ABS joints.
2. ASTM F 493 for CPVC joints.
3. ASTM D 2564 for PVC joints.
1203.3.5 Threaded joints. Threads shall conform to ASME B 1.20.1.
Schedule 80 or heavier plastic pipe shall be threaded with dies
specifically designed for plastic pipe. Thread lubricant, pipe-joint
compound or tape shall be applied on the male threads only and shall be
approved for application on the piping material.
1203.3.6 Welded joints. Joint surfaces shall be cleaned by an approved
procedure. Joints shall be welded with an approved filler metal.
1203.3.7 Grooved and shouldered joints. Grooved and shouldered joints
shall be approved and installed in accordance with the manufacturer's
installation instructions.
1203.3.8 Mechanically formed tee fittings. Mechanically extracted
outlets shall have a height not less than three times the thickness of
the branch tube wall.
1203.3.8.1 Full flow assurance. Branch tubes shall not restrict flow
in the run tube. A dimple/depth stop shall be formed in the branch tube
to ensure that penetration into the outlet is of the correct depth. For
inspection purposes, a second dimple shall be placed 0.25 inch (6.4 mm)
above the first dimple. Dimples shall be aligned with the tube run.
1203.3.8.2 Brazed joints. Mechanically formed tee fittings shall be
brazed in accordance with Section 1203.3.1.
1203.4 ABS plastic pipe. Joints between ABS plastic pipe or fittings
shall be solvent-cemented or threaded joints conforming to Section
1203.3.
1203.5 Brass pipe. Joints between brass pipe or fittings shall be
brazed, mechanical, threaded or welded joints conforming to Section
1203.3.
1203.6 Brass tubing. Joints between brass tubing or fittings shall be
brazed, mechanical or soldered joints conforming to Section 1203.3.
1203.7 Copper or copper-alloy pipe. Joints between copper or
copper-alloy pipe or fittings shall be brazed, mechanical, soldered,
threaded or welded joints conforming to Section 1203.3.
1203.8 Copper or copper-alloy tubing. Joints between copper or
copper-alloy tubing or fittings shall be brazed, mechanical or soldered
joints conforming to Section 1203.3 or flared joints conforming to
Section 1203.8.1.
1203.8.1 Flared joints. Flared joints shall be made by a tool design
for that operation.
1203.9 CPVC plastic pipe. Joints between CPVC plastic pipe or fittings
shall be solvent-cemented or threaded joints conforming to Section
1203.3.
1203.10 Reserved.
1203.11 Cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) plastic tubing. Joints between
cross-linked polyethylene plastic tubing and fittings shall conform to
Section 1203.11.1 and 1203.11.2. Mechanical joints shall conform to
Section 1203.3.
1203.11.1 Compression-type fittings. When compression-type fittings
include inserts and ferrules or O-rings, the fittings shall be installed
without omitting the inserts and ferrules or O-rings.
1203.11.2 Plastic-to-metal connections. Soldering on the metal portion
of the system shall be performed at least 18 inches (457 mm) from a
plastic-to-metal adapter in the same water line.
1203.12 PVC plastic pipe. Joints between PVC plastic pipe and fittings
shall be solvent-cemented or threaded joints conforming to Section
1203.3.
1203.13 Steel pipe. Joints between steel pipe or fittings shall be
mechanical joints that are made with an approved elastomeric seal, or
shall be treated or welded joints conforming to Section 1203.3.
1203.14 Steel tubing. Joints between steel tubing or fittings shall be
mechanical or welded joints conforming to Section 1203.3.
1203.15 Polyethylene plastic pipe or tubing for ground source heat
pump loop systems. Joints between polyethylene plastic pipe and tubing
or fittings for ground source heat pump loop systems shall be heat
fusion joints conforming to Section 1203.15.1, electrofusion joints
conforming to Section 1203.15.2, or stab-type insertion joints
conforming to Section 1203.15.3.
1203.15.1 Heat-fusion joints. Joints shall be of the socket-fusion,
saddle-fusion or butt-fusion type, fabricated in accordance with the
piping manufacturer's instructions. Joint surfaces shall be clean and
free of moisture. Joint surfaces shall be heated to melt temperatures
and joined. The joint shall be undisturbed until cool. Fittings shall be
manufactured in accordance with ASTM D 2683.
1203.15.2 Electrofusion joints. Joints shall be of the electrofusion
type. Joint surfaces shall be clean and free of moisture, and scoured to
expose virgin resin. Joint surfaces shall be heated to melt temperatures
for the period of time specified by the manufacturer. The joint shall be
undisturbed until cool. Fittings shall be manufactured in accordance
with ASTM F 1055.
1203.15.3 Stab-type insert fittings. Joint surfaces shall be clean and
free of moisture. Pipe ends shall be chamfered and inserted into the
fittings to full depth. Fittings shall be manufactured in accordance
with ASTM D 2513.
SECTION MC 1204
PIPE INSULATION
1204.1 Insulation characteristics. Pipe insulation installed in
buildings shall conform to the requirements of the New York City Energy
Conservation Code, shall be tested in accordance with ASTM E 84 and
shall have a maximum flame spread index of 25 and a smoke-developed
index not exceeding 450. Insulation installed in an air plenum shall
comply with Section 602.2.1.
1204.2 Required thickness. Hydronic piping shall be insulated to the
thickness required by the New York City Energy Conservation Code.
SECTION MC 1205
VALVES.
1205.1 Where required. Shutoff valves shall be installed in hydronic
piping systems in the locations indicated in Sections 1205.1.1 through
1205.1.5.
1205.1.1 Heat exchangers. Shutoff valves shall be installed on the
supply and return side of a heat exchanger.
Exception: Shutoff valves shall not be required when heat exchangers
are integral with a boiler; or are a component of a manufacturer's
boiler and heat exchanger packaged unit and are capable of being
isolated from the hydronic system by the supply and return valves
required by Section 1005.1.
1205.1.2 Central systems. Shutoff valves shall be installed on the
building supply and return of central utility systems, and district
heating and cooling systems.
1205.1.3 Pressure vessels. Shutoff valves shall be installed on the
connection to any pressure vessel.
1205.1.4 Pressure-reducing valves. Shutoff valves shall be installed
on both sides of a pressure-reducing valve.
1205.1.5 Equipment and appliances. Shutoff valves shall be installed
on connections to mechanical equipment and appliances. This requirement
does not apply to components of a hydronic system such as pumps, air
separators, metering devices and similar equipment.
1205.2 Reduced pressure. A pressure relief valve shall be installed on
the low-pressure side of a hydronic piping system that has been reduced
in pressure. The relief valve shall be set at the maximum pressure of
the system design. The valve shall be installed in accordance with
Section 1006.
SECTION MC 1206
PIPING INSTALLATION
1206.1 General. Piping, valves, fittings and connections shall be
installed in accordance with the conditions of approval.
1206.1.1 Prohibited tee applications. Fluid in the supply side of a
hydronic system shall not enter a tee fitting through the branch
opening.
1206.2 System drain down. Hydronic piping systems shall be designed
and installed to permit the system to be drained. Where the system
drains to the plumbing drainage system, the installation shall conform
to the requirements of the New York City Plumbing Code.
1206.3 Protection of potable water. The potable water system shall be
protected from backflow in accordance with the New York City Plumbing
Code.
1206.4 Pipe penetrations. Openings for pipe penetrations in walls,
floors or ceilings shall be larger than the penetrating pipe. Openings
through concrete or masonry building elements shall be sleeved. The
annular space surrounding pipe penetrations shall be protected in
accordance with the New York City Building Code.
1206.5 Clearance to combustibles. A pipe in a hydronic piping system
in which the exterior temperature exceeds 250°F (121°C) shall have a
minimum clearance of 1 inch ( 25 mm) to combustible materials.
1206.6 Contact with building material. A hydronic piping system shall
not be in direct contact with building materials that cause the piping
material to degrade or corrode, or that interfere with the operation of
the system.
1206.7 Water hammer. The flow velocity of the hydronic piping system
shall be controlled to reduce the possibility of water hammer. Where a
quick-closing valve creates water hammer, an approved water-hammer
arrestor shall be installed. The arrestor shall be located within a
range as specified by the manufacturer of the quick-closing valve.
1206.8 Steam piping pitch. Steam piping shall be installed to drain to
the boiler or the steam trap. Steam systems shall not have drip pockets
that reduce the capacity of the steam piping.
1206.9 Strains and stresses. Piping shall be installed so as to
prevent detrimental strains and stresses in the pipe. Provisions shall
be made to protect piping from damage resulting from expansion,
contraction and structural settlement. Piping shall be installed so as
to avoid structural stresses or strains within building components.
1206.9.1 Flood hazard. Piping located in areas of special flood hazard
shall comply with Appendix G of the New York City Building Code.
1206.10 Pipe support. Pipe shall be supported in accordance with
Section 305. Seismic supports shall be provided where required by the
New York City Building Code.
1206.11 Condensation. Provisions shall be made to prevent the
formation of condensation on the exterior of piping.
SECTION MC 1207
TRANSFER FLUID
1207.1 Flash point. The flash point of transfer fluid in the hydronic
piping system shall be a minimum of 50°F (28°C) above the maximum system
operating temperature.
1207.2 Makeup water. The transfer fluid shall be compatible with the
makeup water supplied to the system.
SECTION MC 1208
TESTS
1208.1 General. Hydronic piping systems other than ground-source heat
pump loop systems shall be tested hydrostatically at one and one half
times the system design operating pressure, but not less than 100 psi
(689 kPa). The duration of each test shall be not less than 2 hours.
Ground-source heat pump loop systems shall be tested in accordance with
Section 1208.1.1.
1208.1.1 Ground source heat pump look systems. Before connection
(header) trenches are backfilled, the assembled loop system shall be
pressure tested with water at 100 psi (689 kPa) for 30 minutes with no
observed leaks. Flow and pressure loss testing shall be performed and
the actual flow rates and pressure drops shall be compared to the
calculated design values. If actual flow rate or pressure drop values
differ from calculated design values by more than 10 percent, the
problem shall be identified and corrected.
SECTION MC 1209
EMBEDDED PIPING
1209.1 Materials Piping for heating panels shall be standard-weight
steel pipe. Type L copper tubing, or approved plastic pipe or tubing
rated at 100 psi (689 kPa) at 180°F (82°C).
1209.2 Pressurizing during installation. Piping to be embedded in
concrete shall be pressure tested prior to pouring concrete. During
pouring, the pipe shall be maintained at the proposed operating
pressure.
1209.3 Embedded joints. Joints of pipe or tubing that are embedded in
a portion of the building, such as concrete or plaster, shall be in
accordance with the requirements of Sections 1209.3.1 and 1209.2.
1209.3.1 Steep pipe joints. Steep pipe shall be welded by electrical
arc or oxygen/acetylene method.
1209.3.2 Copper tubing joints. Copper tubing shall be joined by
brazing with filler metals having a melting point of not less than
1,000°f (538°C).
1209.4 Reserved.
SECTION MC 12010
HIGH-PRESSURE STEAM PIPING SYSTEMS.
1210.1 Scope. The provisions of this section shall apply to
high-pressure steam piping system which is defined as a system operating
at a steam pressure of more than 15 psi (103 kPa). For purposes of this
section, loops, bends or offsets of the piping shall not be considered
expansion joints.
1210.2 New systems. For purposes of this section, the replacement of
existing steam piping systems, the installation of a new system in
existing buildings, as well as installations in buildings hereafter
constructed, shall be considered to be a new high-pressure piping
systems. The following requirements are applicable:
1210.2.1 Design. The design of new steam piping systems shall be
conducted as follows:
1. The system shall be designed by an engineer. An application and
plans shall be filed and the approval of the department obtained. The
plans and application shall contain, but not be limited to, the
following information:
1.1. Size and location of all steam piping.
1.2. The operating pressures and temperatures.
1.3. The location, type, specifications and details of all expansion
joints.
1.4. The design, size, material and location of all anchors, guides
and auxiliary steel, and the stresses thereon.
2. Systems using utility street steam shall be designed for a pressure
of 200 psig (1379 kPa) and 413°F (212°C) up to and including the steam
pressure reducing valve or valves which reduce the pressure of 90 psig
(621 kPa) or below. For steam pressures between 90 psig (621 kPa) and 16
psig (110 kPa), the system shall be designed for 125 psig (108 kPa).
1210.2.2 Installation. The installation of new system piping systems
shall be conducted as follows:
1. Installations, including any welding, shall be by special
inspection by the engineer responsible for the design, or by an engineer
acceptable to him or her.
2. Welders shall be qualified for all required pipe sizes, wall
thicknesses and positions in accordance with the ASME Boiler and
Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX. Requalification is required every
three years or sooner if the commissioner has a specific reason to doubt
a welder's ability to make sound welds.
3. Welder qualification testing shall be performed by an agency listed
with the department, and if the testing is by radiography, the
inspection shall have a minimum radiography qualification of Level II in
accordance with the ASNT, Document No. SNT-TC-1A.
4. Copies of the certified welder, qualification reports shall be
maintained by the responsible welding agency and the company performing
the welding, and shall be made available upon request to the department.
5. No reports from any welding inspection agency shall be accepted
unless such agency has first requested and obtained approval from the
department in accordance with rules of the department.
6. Pipe welding shall conform to the following:
6.1 Piping over 2 inches (51 mm) shall be butt-welded. Piping 2
inches (76 mm) and under may be socket-welded or threaded.
6.2 Threaded piping may continue to be used for existing construction
in sizes of 6 inches (152 mm) and under.
6.3 Where welding is not feasible, the commissioner may allow an
acceptable alternative.
7. Radiographic examination, when required, shall be performed on
butt-welds in accordance with ASME B31.1 based on the piping pressure
and shall be as follows:
Piping Pressure Percentage
90 psig (621 kPa) or below Not required
91 psig (627 kPa) to 150 psig (1034 kPa) 10 at Random
Over 150 psig (1034 kPa) 100
However, if, in the opinion of the engineer responsible for special
inspection, radiographic examination is not required for piping at
pressure between 90 psig (621 kPa) and 150 psig (1034 kPa), the engineer
shall so specify in writing, and the final report on the installation
may omit the foregoing, and be predicated on all of the other
requirements noted in this section, and a hydrostatic test.
1210.2.3 Testing. Hydrostatic testing shall be conducted on the
completed installation at 150 percent of the design pressure for all
piping pressure. Where the changes in an existing steam system involve
less than 30 percent of the piping in the system, the testing may be in
accordance with the ASME B31.1.
1210.2.4 Relocation. The commissioner, where deemed necessary, shall
require the replacement or relocation of any joints, guides or anchors.
The commissioner shall cause the joints in potentially hazardous
locations, such as those that are located adjacent to tenant occupied
spaces, to be relocated, unless means exist or are provided for
eliminating the hazard.
1210.3 Existing systems. Existing steam piping systems hall be in
accordance with Sections 1210.3.1 through 1210.3.3. Upon the completion
of a new high-pressure steam piping system and department approval of
same, the rules relating to maintenance requirements and the keeping of
records for existing high-pressure steam piping systems shall apply.
1210.3.1 Maintenance inspections. Expansion joints, anchorage and
guides shall be inspected as follows:
1. Expansion joints shall be inspected weekly.
2. The anchorage and guides shall be inspected annually. Exposure of
the structural attachments to the buildings of the anchorages or guides
shall not be required.
3. A record of such inspections shall be kept by the person in charge
of the mechanical equipment of the building or qualified person
designated by the owner and acceptable to the commissioner. The records
shall be available at the premises and subject to inspection by the
commissioner.
1210.3.2 Work approval. No joint, anchorage or guides shall be
repaired, replaced or relocated without a work permit issued by the
department. The application for the permit shall contain all pertinent
information and shall be filed by the engineer knowledgeable as to
high-pressure steam piping systems. The engineer shall be responsible
for the inspection of the proposed work in accordance with the approved
application. This provision shall not apply to the repacking of a slip
or ball joint; however, records of such repacking shall be kept in the
inspections records as provided in Section 12103.1, Item 3. When, in the
opinion of the engineer, the requirement for prior department approval
would create an imminent health or safety hazard, the engineers may
permit the work to proceed without prior approval. In such cases, the
engineer shall, prior the repair, replacement or relocation, notify by
telephone the borough commissioner of the borough in which the building
is located; and, if the emergency occurs at other than normal working
hours, he or she shall notify the department in the manner prescribed by
the commissioner. This shall be following by the filing of the
application for department approval as specified in Section 28-105.4.1
of the Administrative Code.
CHAPTER 13
FUEL-OIL PIPING AND STORAGE
SECTION MC 1301
GENERAL
1301.1 Scope. This chapter shall govern the design, installation,
construction and repair of fuel-oil storage and piping systems. The
storage of flammable and combustible liquids not addressed in this
chapter shall be in accordance with the New York City Fire Code.
1301.2 Storage and piping systems. Fuel-oil storage and piping systems
shall comply with the requirements of Chapter 13 and, to the extend not
otherwise provided for in this code, shall comply with the requirements
of NFPA 31. All aboveground and underground storage facilities with a
combined storage capacity of over 1,100 gallons (4160 L) shall also
comply with the requirements of the New York State Department of
Environmental Conservation's Petroleum Bulk Storage Code; 6 NYCRR Parts
612, 613, and 614.
1301.3 Fuel type. An appliance shall be designed for use with the type
of fuel to which it will be connected. Such appliance shall not be
converted from the fuel specified on the rating plate for use with a
different fuel without securing reapproval from the commissioner.
1301.4 Fuel tanks, piping and valves. The tank, piping and valves for
appliances burning oil shall be installed in accordance with the
requirements of this chapter. When oil burning equipment is served by a
tank located such that any part of the tank is above the level of the
burner inlet connection and where the fuel supply line is taken from the
top of the tank, an approved anti-siphon valve or other siphon-breaking
devices hall be installed. The anti-siphon valve or siphon-breaking
device shall be located at the highest point in the supply line.
Exceptions: An anti-siphon valve or other siphon-breaking device shall
not be required where either:
1. An approved foot valve is used in the tank, or
2. No. 6 fuel oil is used.
1301.5 Out of service system. Fuel-oil storage systems that are
temporarily or permanently taken out of service shall comply with the
requirements of the Fire Code.
1301.6 Fuel-oil spill and overfill prevention equipment. Fuel-oil
spill and overfill prevention equipment shall comply with EPA 40 CFR
Parts 280, and Section 1305.6.6.
1301.7 Portable fire extinguishers. Portable fire extinguishers with a
minimum weight of 30 pounds (13.64 kg) shall be provided as required by
the Fire Code and NFPA 10.
1301.8 Absorbent materials. The building owner shall maintain a
sufficient quantity of absorbent materials near fuel-oil storage tanks,
pumps, and related equipment to control leaks and slipping hazards.
1301.9 Certificate of fitness. Where fuel-oil piping systems utilize
pumps to transfer fuel-oil to equipment at levels above the lowest floor
or to storage tanks at levels above the lowest floor in buildings, a
qualified employee or contracted general company holding a certificate
of fitness from the Fire Department shall maintain the fuel-oil system.
SECTION MC 1302
MATERIAL
1302.1 General. Piping materials shall conform to the standards cited
in this section.
1302.2 Rated for system. All materials shall be rated for the
operating temperatures and pressures of the systems, and shall be
compatible with the type of liquid being handled by the systems.
1302.3 Pipe standards. Fuel-oil pipe shall comply with the standards
listed in Table 1302.3.
Exception: Piping for fuel-oil systems utilizing a transfer pump to
equipment at levels above the lowest floor or to storage tanks at levels
above the lowest floor in buildings shall comply with the requirements
of Section 1305.9.5.
TABLE 1302.3
FUEL OIL PIPING
-------------------------------------------------------------
MATERIAL | STANDARD (see Chapter 15)
-------------------------------------------------------------
Brass pipe | ASTM B 43
-------------------------------------------------------------
Copper or copper-alloy pipe | ASTM B 42; ASTM B 302
-------------------------------------------------------------
Cooper or Copper-alloy tubing | ASTM B 75; ASTM B 88;
(Type K) | ASTM B 280
-------------------------------------------------------------
Labeled pipe | (See Section 1302.4)
-------------------------------------------------------------
Nonmetallic pipe | ASTM D 2996
-------------------------------------------------------------
Steel pipe | ASTM A 53; ASTM A 106
-------------------------------------------------------------
a. Brass tubing, steel tubing and cooper tubing, L or M are not
permitted.
1302.4 Nonmetallic pipe. All nonmetallic pipe shall be listed and
labeled as being acceptable for the intended application for flammable
and combustible liquids. Nonmetallic pipe shall be installed only
outside, underground.
1302.5 Fittings and valves. Fittings and valves shall be approved for
the piping systems, and shall be compatible with, or shall be of the
same material as, the pipe or tubing.
1302.6 Bending of pipe. Pipe shall be approved for bending. Pipe bends
shall be made with approved equipment. The bend shall not exceed the
structural limitations of the pipe.
1302.7 Pumps. Pumps that are not part of an appliance shall be of a
positive-displacement type. The pump shall automatically shut off the
supply when not in operation. Pumps shall be listed and labeled in
accordance with UL 343.
1302.8 Flexible connectors and hoses. Flexible metal connectors and
hoses used where rigid connections are impractical or to reduce the
effect of jarring and vibrating shall be listed and labeled in
accordance with UL 536 and shall be installed in compliance with its
label and the manufacturer's installation instructions. Connectors made
from combustible materials shall not be used inside buildings or above
ground outside of buildings.
SECTION MC 1303
JOINTS AND CONNECTIONS
1303.1 Approval. Joints and connections shall be approved and of a
type a approved for fuel-oil piping systems. All threaded joints and
connections shall be made tight with suitable lubricant or pipe
compound. Unions requiring gaskets or packings, right or left
couplings, and sweat fittings employing brazing material having a
melting point of less than 1,000°F (538°C) shall not be used in oil
lines. Cast-iron fittings shall not be used. Joints and connections
shall be tight for the pressure required by test.
1303.1.1 Joints between different piping materials. Joints between
different piping materials shall be made with approved adapter fittings.
Joints between different metallic piping materials shall be made with
approved dielectric fittings or brass converter fittings.
1303.2 Reserved.
1303.3 Joint preparation and installation. Where required by Sections
1303.4 through 1303.10, the preparation and installation of brazed,
threaded and welded joints shall comply with Sections 1303.3.1 through
1303.3.4.
1303.3.1 Brazed joints. All joint surfaces shall be cleaned. An
approved flux shall be applied where required. The joints shall be
brazed with a filler meter conforming to AWS A5.8.
1303.3.2 Mechanical joints. Mechanical joints utilizing an
elastromeric and/or compression seal are not permitted.
1303.3.3 Threaded joints. Threads shall conform to ASME B1.20.1.
Pipe-joint compound or tape shall be applied on the male threads only.
1303.3.4 Welded joints. All joint surfaces shall be cleaned by
approved procedure. The joint shall be welded with an approved filler
metal.
1303.4 Brass pipe. Joints between brass pipe of fittings shall be
brazed, mechanical, threaded or welded joints complying with Section
1303.3.
1303.5 Reserved.
1303.6 Copper or copper-alloy pipe. Joints between copper or
copper-alloy pipe or fittings shall be brazed, mechanical, threaded or
welded joints complying with Section 1303.3.
1303.7 Cooper or copper-alloy tubing. Joints between copper or
copper-alloy tubing or fittings shall be brazed or mechanical joints
complying with Section 1303.3 or flared joints. Flared joints shall be
made by as tool designed for that operation.
1303.8 Nonmetallic pipe. Joints between nonmetallic pipe or fittings
shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions
for the labeled pipe and fittings.
1303.9 Steel pipe. Joints between steel pipe of fittings shall be
threaded or welded joints complying with Section 1303.3.
1303.10 Reserved.
1303.11 Piping protection. Proper allowance shall be made for
expansion, contraction, jarring and vibration. Piping other than tubing,
connected to underground tanks, except straight full lines and test
wells, shall be provided with flexible connectors, or other wise
arranged to permit the tanks to settle without impairing the tightness
of the piping connections. Piping serving equipment at levels above the
lowest floor or storage tanks at levels above the lowest floor in
buildings shall also comply with the requirements of Section 1305.9.6
and 1305.9.7.
SECTION MC 1304
PIPING SUPPORT
1304.1 General. Pipe supports shall be in accordance with Section 305.
Piping serving equipment at levels above the lowest floor or storage
tanks at levels above the lowest floor in buildings shall also comply
with the requirements of Section 1305.9.6 and 1305.9.7.
SECTION MC 1305
FUEL-OIL SYSTEM INSTALLATION
1305.1 General. Fuel-oil piping systems shall be installed in
accordance with this section.
1305.2 Protection of pipe, equipment and appliances. All fuel-oil
pipe, equipment and appliances shall be protected from physical damage.
Piping serving equipment at levels above the lowest floor or storage
tanks at levels above the lowest floor in buildings shall also comply
with the requirements of Section 1305.9.
1305.2.1 Floor hazard. All fuel-oil pipe, tanks, equipment and
appliances located in areas of special flood hazard shall comply with
Appendix G of the New York City Building Code.
1305.3 Supply piping. Supply piping shall comply with the requirements
of Sections 1305.3.1 through 1305.3.7.
1305.3.1 Size. The fuel-oil system shall be sized for the maximum
capacity of fuel oil required. The minimum size of a supply line shall
be 3/8-inch (9.5 mm) inside diameter nominal pipe or 3/8-inch (9.5 mm)
OD tubing.
1305.3.2 Connections to tank. Supply piping shall connect to the tip
of the fuel-oil tank.
Exception: Storage tanks in buildings that comply with all of the
following conditions:
1. The tank is located above ground on the lowest floor;
2. The tank does not exceed 330 gallons (1250 L); and
3. The tank is provided with a 3/4-inch (19.1 mm) opening for gravity
discharge and a 1-inch (25 mm) opening in the bottom for cleaning and
protection against corrosion.
1305.3.3 Pumps. Fuel oil shall be supplied by a transfer pump or
automatic pump or by other approved means.
1305.3.4 Smoke detectors. Appropriate safeties shall be provided so
that detection of smoke or heat within the generator or equipment room
shall provost additional fuel oil from being pumped into the piping
system within such room, including a fusible link operated lever gate
valve in the supply pipe at the wall of the generator room.
1305.3.5 Horizontal runouts. Horizontal runouts from risers to the
generator or equipment room shall follow as direct a route as
practicable.
1305.3.6 Direct feed. Systems where day tanks are absent (such as
generator installations where fuel oil is taken directly from a fuel-oil
pipe or header into the engine) shall comply with Section 1305.9.12.
1305.3.7 Piping from transfer pump to equipment or storage tanks above
the lowest floor. Supply piping from a transfer pump to equipment at
levels above the lowest floor or storage tanks at levels above the
lowest floor in buildings shall also comply with the requirements of
Section 1305.9.
1305.4 Return piping. Return piping shall connect to the top of the
fuel-oil tank. The minimum size of a return line shall be 1/4-inch (6.4
mm) inside diameter nominal pipe or 5/16-inch (7.9 mm) outside diameter
tubing. Valves shall not be installed on return piping unless a means of
relieving overpressure is provided. Return piping serving equipment at
levels above the lowest floor or storage tanks at levels above the
lowest floor in buildings shall also comply with the requirements of
Section 1305.9.
1305.5 System pressure. The system shall be designed for the maximum
pressure required by the fuel-oil-burning appliance. Air or other gases
shall not be used to pressurize tanks. Pressure in a storage tank for
the purpose of discharging oil shall be prohibited.
1305.6 Fill piping. Fill piping shall comply with the requirements of
Section 1305.6.1 through 1305.6.6.
1305.6.1 Size. Fill piping shall be a minimum of 2 inches (51 mm) in
diameter or 3 inches (76 mm) for No. 6 fuel oil.
1305.6.2 Termination location. A fill pipe shall terminate outside of
a building at or above grade at a point least 2 feet (610 mm) from any
building opening and 5 feet (1524 mm) away from-any subway grating at
the same or lower level. A fill pipe shall terminate in a manner
designed to minimize spilling when the filling hose is disconnected.
Where No. 6 fuel oil is used, the fill pipe terminal shall be within 3
feet (914 mm) of the curb unless otherwise required by the Department of
Transportation or the Transit Authority. If facilities exist for an oil
delivery truck to drive onto the premises, the fuel-oil terminal may be
located elsewhere other than the curb.
1305.6.3 Separate fill piping. Each storage tank shall be provided
with a separate fill pipe, except that where a battery of tanks
containing the same grade of oil is installed, a common fill and header
pipe may be installed.
1305.6.4 Check valve. Where the top of the storage tank is above the
fill pipe terminal, the fill pipe shall be connected to the top of the
tank and provided with a shut-off valve and swing check valve, both of
which shall be located at the fill pipe terminal. The shut-off valve and
swing check valve may be installed in an accessible location inside the
building at or below the level of the fill pipe terminal.
1305.6.5 Terminal opening. The fill opening shall be equipped with a
tight metal cover designed to discourage tampering. All fill pipe
terminals shall be of an approved type and shall be provided with lugs
for embedding in concrete. In lieu of lugs, a set screw or threads to
fasten the terminal to the fill pipe may be used. The outer flange of
the fill pipe terminal or the seal cap shall be permanently marked: FUEL
OIL. The fill pipe terminal shall be threaded or provided with other
equivalent means to receive the seal cap. The seal cap shall be suitably
slotted for receiving an opening wrench, and an oilproof casket inserted
in a groove in the fill pipe terminal shall be provided so as to make
the seal cap leakproof. A strainer shall not be required but if used,
shall be of at least 1/4-inch (3.2 mm) mesh. Where a storage system for
volatile flammable oil and a storage system for fuel oil are to be used
in the same premises, the terminal of the fuel-oil pipe shall be
provided with a left-handed thread and the fill pipe fitting shall be of
a different size than that required for the fill pipes to the tanks
containing the volatile flammable oil.
1305.6.6 Spill containment. For fill pipes serving tanks greater than
660 gallons (2500 L), an approved overflow/spill containment device
shall be provided.
1305.7 Normal vent piping,. Normal vent piping shall comply with the
requirements of Section 1305.7.1 through 1305.7.9.
1305.7.1 Size. Normal vent sizes shall comply with the sizes listed in
Tables 1305.7(1) and 1305.7(2); provided, however, for tanks other than
those complying with the alternate tank design and construction
standards contained in Section 1305.14, the normal vent shall not be
smaller in size than the supply pipe.
TABLE 1305.71(1)
VENT PIPING FOR UNDERGROUND TANKS
------------------------------------------------------------------------
TANK SIZE | MINIMUM VENT DIAMETER
660 gallons (2500 L) or less | 1 1/4 inch (32 mm)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
661 gallons (2505 L) to 3,000 gallons |
(11,355 L) | 1 1/2 inch (38 mm)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3,001 gallons (11,360 L) to 10,000 |
gallons 37,850 L) | 2 inch (51 mm)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10,001 gallons 37,855 L) to 20,000 |
gallons (75,700 L) | 2 1/2 inch (64 mm)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Larger than 20,000 gallons (75,700 L) | 3 inch (76 mm)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
TABLE 1305.7(2)
VENT PIPING FOR TANKS INSTALLED INSIDE BUILDINGS
------------------------------------------------------------------------
TANK SIZE | MINIMUM VENT DIAMETER
------------------------------------------------------------------------
660 gallons (2500 L) or less | 1 1/4 inch-(32 mm){a}
------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Sized to prevent abnormal pressure
Larger than 660 gallons (2500 L)| in the tank during filling but not
| smaller than the pipe size speci-
| fied in Table 1305.7(1)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
a. For tanks constructed to UL 80 specifications the minimum vent
diameter shall be 2 inch (51 mm) or as required by Section 1305.8, Item
.3, whichever is greater.
1305.7.2 Termination location. The location of the normal vent pipe
terminations shall comply with the following:
1. Liquid fuel normal vent pipes shall terminate outside of buildings
in a nonhazardous location at a point not less than 2 feet (610 mm)
measured vertically or horizontally from any building opening and not
less than 2 feet (610 mm) nor more than 12 feet (3658 mm) above the fill
pipe terminal.
2. If the normal vent pipe terminal is not visible from the fill pipe
terminal location, a finch (25 mm) tell-tale line shall be connected to
the tank and shall parallel the fill pipe and terminate at the fill pipe
terminal with an unthreaded end. Such tell-tale lines shall be provided
with a check valve set to prevent flow of surface water to the storage
tank.
3. Normal vent pipes shall terminate sufficiently above the ground to
avoid being obstructed with snow or ice.
4. Normal vent pipes from tanks containing heaters shall be extended
to a location where oil vapors discharging from the normal vent will be
readily diffused.
1305.7.3 Termination caps. Outer ends of normal vent pipes shall
terminate in a weatherproof vent cap or fitting or be provided with a
weatherproof hood. All normal vent caps shall have a minimum free open
area equal to the cross-sectional area of the normal vent pipe and shall
not employ screens finer than No. 4 mesh.
1305.7.4 Tank pressure. The tank shall be designed for the maximum
static head that will be imposed with the normal vent piping filled with
oil.
1305.7.5 Multiple Tanks. A normal vent pipe shall be provided for each
storage tank. Normal vent piping from multiple tanks of the same grade
oil with not more than 660 gallons (2500 L) aggregate capacity may be
combined. Where a battery of storage tanks complying with the alternate
tank design and construction standards contained in Section 1305.14
designed to hold the same grade of oil with not more than 660 gallons
(2500 L) aggregate capacity is installed, normal vent pipes may be run
into a main header.
1305.7.6 Pitch. Normal vent pipes shall drain toward the tank. The
normal vent pipes shall have no sags or traps where liquid can collect.
1305.7.7 Protection. Normal vent pipes shall be located so that they
are not subjected to physical damage.
1305.7.8 Cross-connection. Liquid fuel normal vent pipes shall not be
cross-connected with fill pipes, lines from burners or overflow lines
from auxiliary tanks.
1305.7.9 Tanks above the lowest floor. For tanks installed above the
lowest floor, the normal vent shall be piped, in an approved manner,
into the vent or too of tank of the lowest floor storage tank that
supplies the fuel to such tank.
1305.8 Emergency relief vent piping. Each primary tank, the
interstitial space of a secondary containment tank and each compartment
of a compartment tank complying with UL 142 shall be provided with
emergency relief venting. A tank's emergency relief vent piping and
normal vent piping shall be combined. The design and installation of the
combined normal and emergency relief vent shall be in accordance with
Section 1305.7 and Sections 1305.8.1 through 1305:8.4.
1305.8.1 Piping. The combination normal and emergency relief venting
shall be provided through an open vent pipe connected directly, as
applicable, to the primary tank, interstitial space or compartment. The
use of a self-closing manway cover, a manway cover provided with long
bolts that permit the cover to lift under internal pressure, or other
type emergency relief vent device, shall be prohibited.
1305.8.2 Termination. Combination normal and emergency relief vent
piping shall terminate outdoors.
1305.8.3 Tanks above the lowest floor. For tanks installed inside of
buildings above the lowest floor, the combination normal and emergency
vent piping shall be piped, in an approved manner, into the vent or top
of tank of the lowest floor storage tank that supplies the fuel to such
tank.
1305.8.4 Capacity. The total relief venting capacity of the
combination normal and emergency relief venting shall be in accordance
with Section 4.2.5.2 of NFPA 30. Construction documents shall include
calculations demonstrating that the extension of the normal and
emergency vent piping is adequately sized to provide the required
emergency vent flow while limiting the back pressure to less than the
maximum pressure permitted by the design of the tank. Additionally,
consistent with Section 4.2.5.2.5 of NFPA 30, where the design provides
for a reduction in the required emergency relief venting capacity based
upon the properties of the fuel oil to be stored in the tank, the
construction documents shall include supporting calculations.
1305.9 Supplemental requirements for piping from transfer pumps to
equipment or storage tanks above lowest floor. Fuel-oil piping systems
utilizing pumps to transfer fuel-oil to equipment at levels above the
lowest floor or storage tanks at levels above the lowest floor in
buildings shall comely with the requirements of Section 1305.9.1 through
1305.9.12.
1305.9.1 Shaft enclosure. The piping from a transfer pump to equipment
at levels above the lowest floor or storage tanks at levels above the
lowest floor in buildings, the return piping, and vent piping shall be
enclosed in a shaft constructed of 4-inch (102 mm) concrete or masonry
having a 4-inch (102 mm) clearance from all pipe or pipe covering,
except that no such enclosures shall be required within the room
containing the pump, tank, or equipment where such room is itself
enclosed with construction and materials having at least a 2-hour fire
resistance rating.
1305.9.2 Ducts or other piping in shafts. Pipe shafts containing
fuel-oil piping shall not be penetrated by or contain other piping or
ducts.
1305.9.3 Horizontal offsets. Where it is necessary to make horizontal
offsets in the supply piping and pipe shafts, such piping shall be
enclosed in a sleeve of other piping of at least No. 10 standard Gage
steel, two sizes larger than the supply piping and arranged to drain
into the shaft. Horizontal piping offsets shall be further enclosed in
construction having a 2-hour fire-resistance rating except that no such
enclosure or pipe sleeve shall be required within the room containing
the pump, tank, or equipment where such room is itself enclosed with
construction and materials having at least a 2-hour fire-resistance
rating.
1305.9.4 Drain at base of shafts; leak detection. A drain pipe shall
be installed at the base of shafts enclosing the supply and overflow
piping. The pipe shall lead to a dedicated sum or minimum 55 gallon
(208 L) container with a leak detection alarm, arranged so as to sound
an alarm and stop the-transfer pump. The alarm shall be connected to a
local audible alarm and to a remote alarm located at a supervising
station. The wiring shall comply with the New York City Electrical
Code.
1305.9.5 Piping materials. Oil lines for equipment or tanks shall be
steel pipe ASTM A 53 or ASTM A 106, grade B seamless Schedule 40 with
welded connections up to the oil tank or equipment, except that fittings
at the tank or equipment, shut-off valves and other fuel-oil flow and
control devices may be screwed or flanged.
1305.9.6 Expansion. Provision shall be made for expansion in piping
without the use of expansion joints.
1305.9.7 Movement and vibration. The piping shall be located and
secured from movement so as to prevent undue stress on the piping and to
isolate the piping from vibrations from any equipment.
1305.9.8 Connections to header. Pipe connections to the main header
(supply or return) shall be made from the top of the header, except for
systems with equipment above the lowest floor where such equipment is
designed to operate utilizing fuel pumped as needed from the lowest
floor and without utilizing fuel oil stored above the lowest floor.
1305.9.9 Air vent and breakers. Required air vents and vacuum breakers
shall be designed for their required use.
1305.9.10 Curb or pan. All air vents and vacuum breakers shall be
hard-piped to a curb or pan.
1305.9.11 Pipe size; fuel storage above the lowest floor. In systems
with equipment above the lowest floor where such equipment is designed
to operate utilizing fuel stored above the lowest floor. piping
diameters shall not exceed 4 inches (102 mm). However, where an
applicant demonstrates by the inclusion of calculations in the
construction documents that a greater diameter is necessary to ensure
the proper flow for the functioning of the system. such greater diameter
may be permitted. Piping shall not be used for fuel storage purposes.
1305.9.12 Pipe size; without fuel storage above the lowest floor. In
systems with equipment above the lowest floor, where such equipment is
designed to operate utilizing fuel pumped as needed from the lowest
floor and without utilizing fuel oil stored above the lowest floor,
piping diameters throughout such systems shall not exceed the design
flow (three times the maximum firing rate as calculated by the engineer
or architect). However, piping diameters within rooms containing such
equipment may exceed the calculated design flow pipe size to provide
limited reservoir storage to prime equipment, provided such reservoir
storage is counted toward the maximum permitted oil storage per story.
as provided for in Section 1305.11.1.3.
1305.10 Devices to control flow to oil-burning equipment. The
following requirements shall apply:
1. The pressure in oil lines to oil-burning equipment located above
the lowest floor of a building shall not be more than is required to
circulate oil to and from the burners, and all parts of the oil system
shall be capable of withstanding the maximum working pressure in that
part of the system.
2. A remote control shall be provided to stop the flow of oil to any
burner wherever located. and to any oil-burning equipment located on
levels above the lowest floor in buildings. Such control shall be
located outside the entrance to the room in which the burner is located
and as close to such entrance as practicable, except that when an
outside location is impracticable, such control may be located
immediately inside the room in which the burner is located, provided
such location is accessible at all times. All such controls shall be
permanently labeled: "REMOTE CONTROL FOR OIL BURNER", "REMOTE CONTROL
FOR GENERATOR", or as appropriate to the oil-burning equipment. On
storage tanks of 60 gallons (227 L) or less capacity used with manually
operated equipment, such remote control may be installed in the supply
lines between tank and burner.
3. In systems where either steam or air is used for atomizing the oil,
the oil and the atomizing supply shall be interlocked so that where the
supply of either is interrupted. the supply of the other will be
immediately cut off.
1305.11 Limitations on quantities of fuel-oil storage. Quantities of
fuel-oil storage shall be limited in accordance with the provisions of
this section. For the purposes of this section, fuel oil stored on roofs
shall be deemed inside of buildings and located on the floor to which
they are adjacent.
1305.11.1 Inside of buildings. A total of not more than 100.000
gallons (378 000 L) shall be stored inside of any building. Oil-storage
inside of buildings shall also comply with applicable requirements of
Sections 1305.11.1.1 through 1305.11.1.3.
1305.11.1.1 Inside of buildings: below ground. The maximum size of
each below-ground oil-storage tank inside of a building shall be 35.000
gallons (132 475 L).
1305.11.1.2 Inside of buildings: above ground on the lowest floor.
Fuel-oil storage tanks installed above around on the lowest floor of a
building shall be mounted on and anchored by adequate noncombustible
supports. The maximum size of each individual tank shall be 660 gallons
(2500 L). and a total of not more than 1375 gallons (5200 L) shall be
stored within the same 2-hour fire area.
Exceptions, Fuel-oil storage tanks shall be to exceed 660 gallons
(2500 L), and the total quantity within a fire area shall be permitted
to exceed 1375 gallons (5200 L) in accordance with any one of the
following options: 1. Buildings of Type I, II, IIIA, IV or VA
construction with a total limit of 15,000 gallons. The maximum size of
each individual tank shall be 15,000 gallons (56 775 L) provided that
all such tanks are located in a room or enclosure dedicated to oil
storage that is separated from the rest of the building by
fire-resistance-rated construction of at least 3 hours. Notwithstanding
Section 1305.11.1, in such cases, the maximum total quantity in the
building shall be limited to 15.000 gallons (56 775 L).
2. Buildings of Type IIIB or VB construction with a total limit of
10,000 gallons. The maximum size of each individual tank shall be 10,000
gallons (37 850 L) provided that all such tanks are located in a room or
enclosure dedicated to oil storage that is separated from the rest of
the building by fire-resistance-rated construction of at least 3 hours.
Notwithstanding Section 1305.11.1 in such cases, the maximum total
quantity in the building shall be limited to 10.000 gallons (56 775 U.
3. Buildings of any type construction with a total limit of 100,000
gallons. The maximum size of each individual tank shall be 25,000
gallons (94 625 L) provided that all such tanks are enclosed in a vault
(i) with walls, floor, and top having a fire resistance rating of not
less than 3 hours, (ii) with such walls bonded to the floor, and (iii)
with such top and walls of the vault independent of the building
structure. An exterior building wall having a fire resistance rating of
not less than 3 hours shall be permitted to serve as a wall of the
vault. The vault shall be located in a dedicated room or area of the
building that is cut off vertically and horizontally from other areas
and floors of the building by assemblies having a fire resistance rating
of not less than 2 hours. Where the aggregate fuel-oil storage on the
lowest level of the building exceeds 50.000 gallons (189 250 L), such
storage shall be protected with an alternate extinguishing system comply
with Section 904 of the New York City Building Code.
1305.11.1.3 Inside of buildings: above the lowest floor. Fuel-oil
above the lowest floor inside of a building; shall be limited to 330
gallons (1249 L) per story. The maximum quantity shall include oversized
piping as described in 1305.9.12. Piping installations shall comply with
the requirements of Section 1305.9.
1305.11.2 Outside of buildings. Oil-storage outside of buildings shall
comply with applicable requirements of Sections 1305.11.2.1 and
1305.11.2.2.
1305.11.2.1 Outside of buildings: below ground. The maximum size of
each below-ground oil-storage tank outside of a building shall be 35.000
gallons (132 475 L).
1305.11.2.2 Outside of buildings: above ground. The maximum size of
each aboveground oil-storage tank outside of a building shall be 100,000
gallons (37 800 L).
1305.12 Standards for Tank Design. Tanks shall be designed and
constructed in compliance with Sections 1305.12.1 and 1305.12.2.
1305.12.1 Below ground. Tanks located below around, inside or outside
of buildings, shall comply with any one of the following design
standards, as appropriate for the specific installation as determined by
the engineer:
1. UL 58; such tanks shall be listed and labeled;
2. UL 1316; such tanks shall be listed and labeled; or
3. Alternate tank design and construction standards contained in
Section 1305.14
1305.12.2 Above ground. Tanks located above ground. inside or outside
of buildings, shall comply with any one of the following design
standards, as appropriate for the specific installation as determined by
the engineer:
1. UL 80; such tanks shall be listed and labeled;
2. UL 142; such tanks shall be listed and labeled;
3. ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII. Division 1 or
2: such tanks shall be listed and labeled; or
4. Alternate tank design and construction standards contained in
Section 1305.14
1305.13 Installation of tanks. Tanks shall be installed in accordance
with the provisions of section 1305.13.1 through 1305.13.4. For the
purposes of this section, fuel oil stored on roofs shall be deemed
inside of buildings.
1305.13.1 Below ground. Tanks located below around, inside or outside
of buildings, shall comply with the following requirements:
1. Containment. Fuel-oil tanks having a capacity of more than 660
gallons (2500 L) shall be provided with secondary containment intended
to prevent any leakage of fuel oil from the tank from entering the
environment. The capacity of the containment shall equal or exceed the
capacity of the tank served.
2. Burial. Regardless of capacity. fuel-oil tanks shall be buried with
the top of the tank at least 2 feet (610 mm) below ground. Tanks shall
be placed in firm soil and shall be surrounded by clean sand or
well-tamped earth, free from ashes or other corrosive substance, and
free from stones that will not pass a 1-inch (25 mm) mesh.
3. Anchorage. When necessary to prevent floating, fuel-oil tanks,
regardless of capacity, shall be securely anchored.
4. Distance to foundations. Regardless of capacity, no fuel-oil tank
shall be buried within 3 feet (914 mm) of any foundation wall or
footing.
5. Special limitations near subways. Regardless of capacity, no
fuel-oil tank shall be placed within 20 feet (6096 mm) of the outside
line of a subway wall. For the purpose of the foregoing requirement, a
subway shall be deemed to include any subsurface railroad or rapid
transit roadbed.
1305.13.2 Above ground; on the lowest floor inside a building. Tanks
located above ground, on the lowest floor inside of buildings, shall
comply with the following requirements:
1. Containment. Fuel-oil tanks having a capacity of more than 660
gallons (2500 1) storage shall be provided with secondary containment
intended to capture any leakage of fuel oil from the tank. The capacity
of the containment shall equal or exceed the capacity of the tank
served. Special limitations near subways. Regardless of capacity,
fuel-oil tanks located within the outer lines of the subway, or within
20 feet (6096 mm) of the outside line of a subway wall shall be placed
within a welded steel oil tight pan of not less than No. 18 Gage metal
suitably reinforced and of capacity to contain the contents of the tank.
For the purpose of the foregoing requirement, a subway shall be deemed
to include any subsurface railroad or rapid transit roadbed.
1305.13.3 Above ground: above the lowest floor inside a building.
Regardless of capacity, fuel-oil tanks and fuel-oil-burning equipment
located above around, above the lowest floor inside of buildings, shall
comply with the following requirements:
1. Enclosure of room. Fuel-oil tanks and fuel-oil-burning equipment
shall be located in a dedicated room or enclosure, having a fire
resistance rating of at least 2 hours. Rooftop tanks need not be
enclosed provided that all exterior walls and roof surfaces within 10
feet (3048 mm) horizontally and 20 feet (6096 mm) vertically have a fire
resistance rating of at least 2 hours.
2. Fire extinguishing system. Rooms containing fuel-oil tanks and
fuel-oil-burning equipment shall be equipped with an automatic sprinkler
system in accordance with section 903.3.1 of the New York City Building
Code. To prevent overfilling of the containment barriers, sprinkler
shut-offs shall be located on the outside of tank and generator rooms
and prominently placarded for immediate control by the Fire Department.
3. Smoke detection. Rooms containing fuel-oil tanks and
fuel-oil-burning equipment shall be equipped with automatic smoke
detection in accordance with Section 907 of the New York City Building
Code, except that heat detectors may be utilized where, during normal
operation, products of combustion are present in sufficient quantity to
actuate a smoke detector.
4. Ventilation. Rooms containing fuel-oil tanks shall be ventilated to
limit the concentration of vapors within the room at or below 25% of the
Lower Flammable Limit (LFL) of the fuel oil being used.
5. Containment. Fuel-oil tanks, fuel-oil-burning equipment, and
related equipment shall be provided with secondary containment area
intended to capture any leakage of fuel oil. Floor drains shall be
prohibited in containment areas. For tanks, the capacity of the
containment area shall equal or exceed 2 times the capacity of the tank
served. For fuel-oil-burning equipment the capacity of the containment
area shall equal or exceed 1.5 times the storage capacity of the
equipment.
6. Transfer pumps. Fuel-oil tanks shall be filled by means of a
transfer pump supplied from a primary storage tank located on the lowest
floor. A separate transfer pump and piping circuit shall be provided for
each storage tank installed above the lowest floor. No intermediate
pumping stations shall be provided between the storage tank and the
transfer pump. Appropriate devices shall be provided for the automatic
and manual starting and stopping of the transfer pumps so as to prevent
the overflow of oil from these storage tanks.
7. Indicators and alarms. Indicators and alarms shall be provided for
fuel oil tanks and rooms containing fuel-oil-burning equipment,
including a level sensor for height and capacity of fuel oil, high and
low levels, and leak detection. The float switch shall be provided
within the containment areas and shall be arranged so as to sound an
alarm and stop the transfer pump in case of failure of the tank or the
control in the tank. These indicators shall be connected to a local
audible alarm in the tank room and to a remote alarm located at a
supervising station. The wiring shall comply with the New York City
Electrical Code.
8. Weekly testing. The operation of the float switch shall be tested
at least once each week by the holder of the certificate of fitness as
provided for in Sections 1301.9 and .1308.3.
1305.13.4 Above ground; outside a building. Tanks located above
ground, outside of buildings, shall comply with the following
requirements:
1. Containment. Regardless of capacity, each fuel-oil storage tank
shall be protected by an embankment or dike. Such protection shall have
a capacity at least 1 1/2 times the capacity of the tank so surrounded
and shall be at least 4 feet (1219 mm) high, but in no case shall the
protection be higher than 1/4 the height of the tank when the height of
the tank exceeds 16 feet (4877 mm). Embankments or dikes shall be made
of earthwork with clay core, of masonry, of of reinforced concrete or of
steel. Earth work embankments shall be firmly and compactly built of
good earth free from stones, vegetable matter, or other similar
material, and shall have a flat section of at least 3 feet (914 mm) at
the top and a slope of at least 1 1/2 (457 mm) rise to 2 feet (610 mm)
of run on all sides. Concrete, masonry or steel dikes shall be designed
so as to contain safely all of the oil in the tank so surrounded.
Embankments or dikes shall be continuous and unpierced, and the outside
toe shall be located at least 5 feet (1524 mm) inside of the property
line, and no less than 5 feet (1524 mm) from a driveway or parking area.
2. Distances to buildings, lot lines, and other tanks. Storage tanks
of a capacity greater than 330 gallons (1250 L) shall be not less than 1
1/4 tank diameters and in no case less than 10 feet (3048 mm) from the
tax lot line, the nearest building or adjacent tank. However, in no case
shall the clearance between individual tanks and the tax lot line be
less than the distance fixed by the following formula:
M.C. = 10 + 4 [(G-275)/5000]
Where:
M.C. = minimum clearance from nearest surface of tank to tax lot line,
in feet.
G = capacity of tank, in gallons.
3. Means of egress. Tanks shall be located so as not to obstruct or
interfere with any means of egress.
1305.14 Alternate tank design and construction standards. Oil-storage
tanks, other than those conforming to ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel
Code, Section VIII, Division 1 or 2, UL 58, UL 80, UL 142, or UL 1316
shall be designed, constructed and installed in accordance with the
requirements of Section 1305.14.1.1 through 1305.14.9.
1305.14.1 General construction standards. All tanks shall comply with
the requirements of Section 1305.14.1.1 through 1305.14.1.9.
1305.14.1.1 Materials and workmanship. All fuel-oil storage tanks
shall be built of steel plates or sheets, made by the open hearth or
basic oxygen process. Such steel shall be free from physical
imperfections, and shall be new, in good condition, and free from rust.
1305.14.1.2 Assembly. Tanks, flanges or other pipe connections shall
be welded. Filler of any kind between plates shall be prohibited.
1305.14.1.3 Corrosion resistance. Tanks to be buried shall be cleaned
and then coated on the outside with two coast of corrosion protective
material. They shall be further protected by a coating of hot tar,
asphalt, or equivalent rust resistive material, applied at the work
site. Tanks installed inside buildings above ground shall be coated with
one coat of corrosion protective material.
1305.14.1.4 External loads on underground tanks. All buried storage
tanks shall be constructed of at least 1/4-inch (6.4 mm) thick metal and
shall be designed to withstand any external loads to which the tank may
be subjected.
1305.14.1.5 Identification. At the time of installation all storage
tanks shall bear a permanently-fixed plate, spot welded or equivalent,
bearing the name of the tank manufacturer, the gage of the material, and
capacity of the tank. Shop-fabricated storage tanks shall be installed
without structural alteration.
1305.14.1.6 Openings. All openings shall be through the top of the
storage tank, except that storage tanks of 275 gallon (1041 L) capacity
or less, located above ground but below the lowest story, may be
provided with a 3/4-inch (19.1 mm) opening for gravity discharge and a
1-inch (25 mm) opening in the bottom for cleaning and protection against
corrosion.
1305.14.1.7 Manholes. Tanks for No. 1, No. 2, No. 3 and No.4
commercial grade oils need not have manholes. However, if manholes are
used for tanks containing such oils, the manhole covers shall be bolted
and made gas tight. Tanks for No. 5 and No. 6 commercial grade oils
shall have manhole covers bolted or otherwise secured to the tanks and
kept hydostatically tight at all times. Tanks 275 gallon (104 L)
capacity or less, and all other tanks without manholes, shall be
provided with a 2 screwed connection on the top of the tank to permit
measuring the level of the oil within.
1305.14.1.8 Electrical grounding. Tanks outside of buildings shall be
electrically grounded in accordance with the requirements for equipment
grounding of the New York City Electrical Code.
1305.14.1.9 Protection from heat and flame. Tanks shall be located at
least 7 feet (2134 mm), measured in the most direct manner, from any
source of exposed flame unless protected as provided in Section
1305.11.1.2, exception 3, and at least 2 feet (610 mm) from any surface
where the temperature exceeds 165°F (74°C).
1305.14.2 Additional construction standards for cylindrical tanks
exceeding 275 gallons (1041 L). Cylindrical tanks, including oval,
elongated oval, or round tanks, exceeding 275 gallons (1041 L) shall
comply with the requirements of Section 1305.14.2.1 through 1305.14.2.3.
Exception: Such above-ground vertical tanks that are outside of
buildings shall comply with Section 1305.14.1 and 1305.14.5.
1. Tanks 36 inches (914 mm) in diameter or less shall have at least a
1/4-inch (6.4 mm) shell and 1/4-inch (6.4 mm) heads.
2. Tanks 37 inches (940 mm) to 72 inches (1829 mm) in diameter shall
have at least a 1/4-inch (6.4 mm) shell and 5/16-inch (7.9 mm) heads.
3. Tanks 73 (1854 mm) to 120 (3048 mm) in diameter shall have at least
5/16-inch (7.9 mm) shell and 3/8-inch (9.5 mm) heads.
4. Tanks over 120 inches (3948 mm) in diameter shall be of at least
3/9-inch (9.5 mm) steel and shall be stiffened by angle rings or
equivalent members so as to retain their cylindrical form.
1305.14.2.2 Dished heads. Dished heads for such tanks shall have a
curvature the radius of which is not greater than the diameter of the
tank. Dished heads shall be formed with an adequate cylindrical
extension rim to provide a welding surface.
1305.14.2.3 Flat heads. If flat heads are used, they shall be braced
in the same manner as described for the bracing of flat sides of
rectangular tanks as provided for in Section 1304.14.3.
1305.14.3 Additional construction standards for rectangular tanks
exceeding 275 gallons (1041 L). Rectangular tanks exceeding 275 gallons
(1241 L) capacity shall comply with the requirements of Section
1305.14.3.1 through 1305.14.3.7.
1305.14.3.1 Thickness. Plates for rectangular tanks of more than 275
gallon (1040 L0 capacity shall be at least 5/16 inches (7.9 mm) thick.
1305.14.3.2 Corners. Corners may be made up by bending the plates or
by using angles.
1305.14.3.3 Seams. All tanks shall have full penetration 5/16 welds at
all seams.
1305.14.3.4 Bracing. All flat surfaces of rectangular tanks shall be
braced by structural members or rods.
1305.14.3.5 Structural work. All structural members shall be designed
in accordance with the requirements of the New York City Building Code.
1305.14.3.6 Connections. Connections between bracing members and the
sides of the tank shall be designed so that the connection will not fail
before the member will fail.
1305.14.4 Additional construction standards for tanks 275 gallon (1041
L) or less. Storage tanks with a capacity of less than or equal to 275
gallons (1041 L) shall have a minimum thickness of shell and head plates
of No. 10 manufacturer's standard Gage steel plate. Storage tanks of 60
gallon (227 L) capacity or less shall be similarly constructed but need
not be thicker than No. 14 manufacturer's standard Gage.
Exception:
1. Such vertical above-ground cylindrical tanks outside of buildings
shall comply with Sections 1305.14.1 and 1305.14.5.
2. Such underground tanks need comply only with Sections 1304.14.1.
3. Storage containers of 6 gallons (23 L) or less used with burners or
oil burning heaters need only be designed so as to withstand a
hydrostatic pressure test of at least 5 psi (34 kPa) without permanent
deformation, rupture, or leakage, and shall be approved. Such containers
shall be installed with rigid metal fasteners for wall, floor, or
stand-type installations, and shall be protected against mechanical
damage. Portable storage containers of 6 gallons (23 L) or less may be
filled by a pump mounted on a storage tank, provided that the pump is
approved.
1305.14.5 Additional construction standards for vertical above-ground
cylindrical tanks outside of buildings exceeding 6 gallon (23 L).
Vertical above-ground cylindrical storage tanks exceeding 6 gallons (23
L) that are located outside of buildings shall comply with the
requirements of Section 1305.14.5.1 through 1305.14.5.3.
1305.14.5.1 Plates. Such tanks shall be built of steel plates of the
quality required for cylindrical tanks in accordance with Section
1305.14.2.
1305.14.5.2 Thickness. The minimum thickness of shell or bottom plates
shall be 1/4 inches (6.4 mm), and the minimum thickness of roof plates
1/8 inch (3.2 mm). The thickness of shell plates shall be determined in
accordance with the following formula:
P x R x F
t = ----------
T x E
where:
t = thickness of shell plate in inches.
P = head pressure at bottom of ring under consideration in psi.
R = radius of shell, in inches.
F = factor of safety (taken as 5).
T = tensile strength of plate, in psi as verified by mill test
certificate.
E = efficiency of vertical joint in ring under consideration. E shall
in no case be taken greater than 1.00.
1305.14.5.3 Seams. Roof plates shall have welded water-tight seams,
and the roof shall be built to shed water. Bottom plates shall have
welded seams. Shell plate seams shall be designed to develop the full
strength of the plate.
SECTION MC 1306
OIL GAUGING
1306.1 Level indication. All tanks located inside buildings shall be
equipped with a method of determining the oil level.
1306.2 Test wells. Test wells shall not be installed inside buildings.
Unused tank openings shall be permanently sealed. For outside service,
test wells shall be equipped with a tight metal cover designed to
discourage tampering.
1306.3 Inside tanks. The gauging of inside tanks by means of measuring
sticks shall not be permitted. An inside tank provided with fill and
vent pipes shall be provided with a device to indicate either visually
or audibly at the fill point when the oil in the tank has reached a
predetermined safe level.
1306.4 Gauging devices. Gauging devices such as liquid level
indicators or signals shall be designed and installed so that oil vapor
will not be discharged into a building from the liquid fuel supply
system.
1306.5 Gauge glass. A tank used in connection with any oil burner
shall not be equipped with a glass gauge or any gauge which, when
broken, will permit the escape of oil from the tank.
1306.6 Storage above lowest floors. Fuel-oil stored above the lowest
floor shall also comply with the indicator requirements of Section
1305.13.3, Item 7.
SECTION MC 1307
FUEL-OIL VALVES
1307.1 Building shutoff. A shutoff valve shall be installed on the
fuel-oil supply line at the entrance to the building. Inside or
above-ground tanks are permitted to have valves installed at the tank.
The valve shall be capable of stopping the flow of fuel oil to the
building or tot he appliance served where the valve is installed at a
tank inside the building.
1307.2 Appliance shutoff. A shutoff valve shall be installed at the
connection to each appliance where more than one fuel-oil-burning
appliance is installed.
1307.3 Pump relied valve. A relief valve shall be installed on the
pump discharge line where a valve is located downstream of the pump.
1307.4 Fuel-oil heater relief valve. A relief valve shall be installed
on the discharge line of fuel-oil-heating appliances.
1307.5 Relief valve operation. Relief valves shall be set to discharge
at not more than 1 1/2 times the maximum working pressure of the system.
The discharge from relief valves shall be returned to the storage tank
or to the supply line. Shut-off valves are not permitted in the line of
relief.
SECTION MC 1308
TESTING
1308.1 Testing required. Fuel-oil storage tanks, other than tanks
complying with the alternate tank design and construction standards
contained in Section 1305.14, shall be tested in accordance with NFPA
31.
1308.2 Hydrostatic test. All liquid-fuel piping, and all tanks
complying with the alternate tank design and construction standards
contained in Section 1305.14, shall be hydrostatically tested for
tightness by the contractor who made the installation before the work is
closed in and before the system is operated. The piping shall be tested
at 1 1/2 times the maximum working pressure applicable to that part of
the piping system but at a pressure less than the test pressure required
for the storage tank. The minimum pressure for testing tanks shall be 1
1/2 times the maximum working pressure applicable to the tank but in no
case less than 25 psig (172 kPag), except as provided for containers 6
gallons (23 L) or less in capacity as provided for in Section 1305.14.4
Exception 3. The hydrostatic pressure shall be maintained until all
joints and connections have been visually inspected for leaks, but in no
case for less than 1/2 hour. the tank shall not show any permanent
deformation as a result of the test. A record shall be kept of the
pressure tests showing the name of the contractor and the pressures at
which the piping and the tank were tested.
1308.3. Weekly testing. For fuel-oil tanks and fuel-oil-burning
equipment located above around, above the lowest floor inside of
buildings, the operation of the float switch shall be tested at least
once each week by the holder of the certificate of fitness as provided
for in Section 1301.9 and Section 1305.13.3, item 8.
CHAPTER 14
SOLAR SYSTEMS
SECTION MC 1401
GENERAL
1401.1 Scope. This chapter shall govern the design, construction,
installation, alteration and repair of systems, equipment and appliances
intended to utilize solar energy for space heating or cooling, domestic
hot water heating, swimming pool heating, or process heating.
1401.2 Potable water supply. Potable water supplies to solar systems
shall be protected against contamination in accordance with the New York
City Plumbing Code.
Exception: Where all solar system piping is a part of the potable
water distribution system, in accordance with the requirements of the
New York City Plumbing Code, and all components of the piping system are
listed for potable water use, cross connection protection measures shall
not be required.
1401.3 Heat exchangers. Heat exchangers used in domestic water-heating
systems shall be approved for the intended use. The system shall have
adequate protection to ensure that the potability of the water supply
and distribution system is properly safeguarded.
1401.4 Solar energy equipment and appliances. Solar energy equipment
and appliances shall conform to the requirements of this chapter and
shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation
instructions.
1401.5 Ducts. Ducts utilized in solar heating and cooling systems
shall be constructed and installed in accordance with Chapter 6 of this
code.
SECTION MC 1402
INSTALLATION
1402.1 Access. Access shall be provided to solar energy equipment and
appliances for maintenance. Solar systems and appurtenances shall not
obstruct or interfere with firefighting operations or the operation of
any doors, windows, fire escapes, or other means of egress or other
building components requiring operation or access.
1402.2 Protection of equipment. Solar equipment exposed to vehicular
traffic shall be installed not less than 6 feet (1829 mm) above the
finished floor.
Exception: This section shall not apply where the equipment is
protected from motor vehicle impact.
1402.3 Controlling condensation. Where attics or structural spaces are
part of a passive solar system, ventilation of such spaces, as required
by Section 406, is not required where other approved means of
controlling condensation are provided.
1402.4 Roof-mounted collectors. Roof-mounted solar collectors that
also serve as a roof covering shall conform to the requirements for roof
coverings in accordance with the New York City Building Code.
Exception: The use of plastic solar collector covers shall be limited
to those approved plastics meeting the requirements for plastic roof
panels in the New York City Building Code.
1402.4.1 Collectors mounted above the roof. When mounted on or above
the roof covering, the collector array and supporting construction shall
be constructed of noncombustible materials or fire-retardant-treated
wood conforming to the New York City Building Code to the extent
required for the type of roof construction of the building to which the
collectors are accessory.
Exception: The use of plastic solar collector covers shall be limited
to those approved plastics meeting the requirements for plastic roof
panels in the New York City Building Code.
1402.5 Equipment. The solar energy system shall be equipped in
accordance with the requirements of Sections 1402.5.1 through 1402.5.4.
1402.5.1 Pressure and temperature. Solar energy system components
containing pressurized fluids shall be protected against pressures and
temperatures exceeding design limitations with a pressure and
temperature relief valve. Each section of the system in which excessive
pressures are capable of developing shall have a relief device located
so that a section cannot be valved off or otherwise isolated from a
relief device. Relief valves shall comply with the requirements of
Section 1006.4 and discharge in accordance with Section 1006.6.
1402.5.2 Vacuum. The solar energy system components that are subjected
to a vacuum while in operation or during shutdown shall be designed to
withstand such vacuum or shall be protected with vacuum relief valves.
1402.5.3 Protection from freezing. System components shall be
protected from damage by freezing of heat transfer liquids at the lowest
ambient temperatures that will be encountered during the operation of
the system.
1402.5.4 Expansion tanks. Liquid single-phase solar energy systems
shall be equipped with expansion tanks sized in accordance with Section
1009.
1402.6 Penetrations. Roof and wall penetrations shall be flashed and
sealed to prevent entry of water, rodents and insects.
1402.7 Filtering. Air transported to occupied spaces through rock or
dust-producing materials by means other than natural convection shall be
filtered at the outlet from the heat storage system.
SECTION MC 1403
HEAT TRANSFER FLUIDS
1403.1 Flash point. The flash point of the actual heat transfer fluid
utilized in a solar system shall be not less than 50°F (28°C) above the
design maximum nonoperating (no-flow) temperature of the fluid attained
in the collector.
1403.2 Flammable gases and liquids. A flammable liquid or gas shall
not be utilized as a heat transfer fluid.
SECTION MC 1404
MATERIALS
1404.1 Collectors. Factory-built collectors shall be listed and
labeled, and bear a label showing the manufacturer's name and address,
model number, collector dry weight, collector maximum allowable
operating and nonoperating temperatures and pressures, minimum allowable
temperatures and the types of heat transfer fluids-that are compatible
with the collector. The label shall clarify that these specifications
apply only to the collector.
1404.2 Thermal storage units. Pressurized thermal storage units shall
be listed and labeled, and bear a label showing the manufacturer's name
and address, model number, serial number, storage unit maximum and
minimum allowable operating temperatures, storage unit maximum and
minimum allowable operating pressures and the types of heat transfer
fluids compatible with the storage unit. The label shall clarify that
these specifications apply only to the thermal storage unit.
CHAPTER 15
REFERENCED STANDARDS
SECTION MC 1501
GENERAL
1501.1 General. This chapter lists the standards that are referenced
in various sections of this document. The standards are listed herein by
the promulgating agency of the standard, the standard identification,
the effective date and title and the section or sections of this
document that reference the standard.
1501.2 Subsequent additions, modifications, or deletions. Refer to the
rules of the department for any subsequent additions, modifications or
deletions that may have been made to these standards in accordance with
Section 28-103.19 of the Administrative Code.
1501.3 Applicability. The application of the referenced standards
shall be as specified in Section 102.8.
SECTION MC 1502
STANDARDS
ACCA Air Conditioning Contractors of America
1712 New Hampshire Ave, NW
Washington, DC 20009
Standard Referenced
Reference in code
Number Title section number
Manual D-95 Residential Duct Systems 603.2
ANSI American National Standards Institute
25 West 43rd Street, Fourth Floor
New York, NY 10036
Standard Referenced
Reference in code
Number Title section number
Z21.8-1994 Installation of Domestic Gas Conversion 919.1
Burners
Z21.50-2003 Vented Gas Fire-places 901.6, 901.6.3
Z21.60-2003 Decorative Gas Appliances for 901.6.2
Installation in Solid-Fuel Burning
Fireplaces
Z21.83-1998 Fuel Cell Power Plants 924.1
ARI Air-Conditioning & Refrigeration
Institute
4100 North Fairfax Drive, Suite 200
Arlington, VA 22203
Standard Referenced
Reference in code
Number Title section number
700-95 Specifications for Fluorocarbon and 1102.2.2.3
Other Refrigerants
ASHRAE American Society of Heating,
Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning
Engineers, Inc.
1791 Tullie Circle, NE
Atlanta, GA 30329-2305
Standard Referenced
Reference in code
Number Title section number
ASHRAE-2001 ASHRAE Fundamentals Handbook-2001 312.1, 603.2
15-2001 Safety Standard for Refrigeration 1101.6, 1101.11,
Systems 1104.2, 1105.3,
1105.7, 1105.8,
1105.10, 1108.1
34-2001 Designation and Safety Classification 202, 1102.2.1,
of Refrigerants 1103.1
ASHRAE-2000 HVAC Systems and Equipment 312.1
Handbook-2000
ASME American Society of Mechanical
Engineers
Three Park Avenue
New York, NY 10016-5990
Standard Referenced
Reference in code
Number Title section number
B1.20.1-1983 Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Inch) 1203.3.5, 1303.3.3
(R1999)
B16.3-l999 Malleable Iron Threaded Fittings, Table 1202.5
Classes 150 & 300
B16.5-1996 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings NPS Table 1202.5
1/2 through NPS 24-With B16.5a-1998
Addenda
B16.9-1993 Factory-Made Wrought Steel Buttwelding Table 1202.5
Fittings
B16.11-1996 Forged Fittings, Socket-Welding and Table 1202.5
Threaded
B16.15-1985 Cast Bronze Threaded Fittings Table 1202.5
(R1994)
B16.18-1984 Cast Copper Alloy Solder Joint 513.13.1, Table
(R1994) Pressure Fittings 1202.5
B16.22-1995 Wrought Copper and Copper Alloy Solder 513.31.1, Table
Joint Pressure Fittings-with B16.221- 1202.5
1998 Addenda
B16.23-1992 Cast Copper Alloy Solder Joint Table 1202.5
Drainage Fittings DWV
B16.24-1991 Cast Copper Alloy Pipe Flanges and Table 1202.5
(R1998) Flanged Fittings: Class 150, 300,
400, 600, 900, 1500 and 2500
B16.26-1988 Cast Copper Alloy Fittings for Flared Table 1202.5
Copper Tubes
B16.28-1994 Wrought Steel Buttwelding Short Radius Table 1202.5
Elbows and Returns
B16.29-1994 Wrought Copper and Wrought Copper Table 1202.5
Solder Joint Drainage Fittings-DWV
B31.1-2004 Power Piping Code 12102.2, 1210.2.3
BPVC-2004 Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code 1003.3, 1004.1,
(Sections I, II, IV, V, VI, VIII & IX) 1011.1, 1210.2.2,
1305.12.1
CSD-1-1998 Controls and Safety Devices for 1004.1, 1007.2
Automatically Fired Boilers
ASNT American Society for Nondestructive
Testing
3200 Riverside Drive
Columbus, OH 43221
Standard Referenced
Reference in code
Number Title section number
SNT-TC-1A- Recommended Practice 1210.2.2
ASTM ASTM International
100 Barr Harbor Drive
West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959
Standard Referenced
Reference in code
Number Title section number
A 53/A Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black Table 1202.4,
53M-01 and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated Welded Table 1302.3,
and Seamless 1305.9
A 106-99el Specification for Seamless Carbon Table 1202.4,
Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Table 1302.3,
Service 1305.9
A 126-01 Specification for Gray Iron Castings Table 1202.5
for Valves, Flanges, and Pipe
Fittings
A 254-97 Specification for Copper Brazed Steel Table 1202.4
Tubing
A 420/A Specification for Piping Fittings of Table 1202.5
420M-01 Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel
for Low-Temperature Service
B 32-00 Specification for Solder Metal 1203.3.3
B 42-98 Specification for Seamless Copper Pipe 513.13.1, 1107.4.2,
Standard Sizes Table 1202.4,
Table 1302.3
B 43-98 Specification for Seamless Red Brass 513.13.1, 1107.4.2,
Pipe, Standard Sizes Table 1202.4,
Table 1302.3
B 68-99 Specification for Seamless Copper 513.13.1
Tube, Bright Annealed
B 75-99 Specification for Seamless Copper Tube Table 1202.4,
Table 1302.3
B 88-99el Specification for Seamless Copper 513.13.1, 1107.4.3,
Water Tube Table 1202.4,
Table 1302.3
B 135-00 Specification for Seamless Brass Tube Table 1202.4
B 251-97 Specification for General Requirements 513.13.1,
for Wrought Seamless Copper and Table 1202.4
Copper-Alloy Tube
B 280-99el Specification for Seamless Copper Tube 513.13.1, 1107.4.3,
for Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Table 1302.3
Field Service
B 302-00 Specification for Threadless Copper Table 1202.4,
Pipe, Standard Sizes Table 1302.3
B 813-00e01 Specification for Liquid and Paste 1203.3.3
Fluxes for Soldering of Copper and
Copper Alloy Tube
C 315-00 Specification for Clay Flue Linings 801.16.1, Table
803.10.4
C 411-97 Test Method for Hot-Surface 604.3
Performance of High-Temperature
Thermal Insulation
D 56-01 Test Method for Flash Point by Tag 202
Closed Tester
D 93-00 Test Method for Flash Point of Pensky- 202
Martens Closed Cup Tester
D 1527-99 Specification for Acrylonitrile- Table 1202.4
Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) Plastic
Pipe, Schedules 40 and 80
D 1693-01 Test Method for Environmental Stress- Table 1202.4
Cracking of Ethylene Plastics
D 1785-99 Specification for Poly (Vinyl Table 1202.4
Chloride)(PVC) Plastic Pipe,
Schedules 40, 80 and 120
D 2235-01 Specifications for Solvent Cement for 1203.3.4
Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene
(ABS) Plastic Pipe and Fittings
D 2241-01 Specification for Poly (Vinyl Table 1202.4
Chloride)(PVC) Pressure-Rated Pipe
(SDR-Series)
D 2282-99 Specification for Acrylonitrile- Table 1202.4
Butadiene-Styrene(ABS) Plastic Pipe
(SDR-PR)
D 2412-96a Test Method for Determination of 603.8.3
External Loading Characteristics of
Plastic Pipe by Parallel-Plate Loading
D 2447-99 Specification for Polyethylene Table 1202.4
(PE) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40
and 80, Based on Outside Diameter
D 2466-01 Specification for Poly (Vinyl Table 1202.5
Chloride)(PVC) Plastic Pipe
Fittings, Schedule 40
D 2467-01 Specification for Poly (Vinyl Table 1202.5
Chloride)(PVC) Plastic Pipe
Fittings, Schedule 80
D 2468-96a Specification for Acrylonitrile- Table 1202.5
Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) Plastic
Pipe Fittings, Schedule 40
D 2513-00 Specification for Thermoplastic Gas Table 1202.4,
Pressure Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings 1203.15.3
D 2564-96a Specification for Solvent Cements 1203.3.4
for Poly (Vinyl Chloride)(PVC)
Plastic Piping Systems
D 2683-98 Specification for Socket-Type Table 1202.4,
Polyethylene Fittings for Outside 1203.15.1
Diameter-Controlled Polyethylene
Pipe and Tubing
D 2837-98a Test Method for Obtaining Hydrostatic Table 1202.4
Design Basis for Thermoplastic Pipe
Materials
D 2846/D Specification for Chlorinated Poly Table 1202.4,
2846M-99 (Vinyl Chloride)(CPVC) Plastic Hot and 1203.3.4
Cold Water Distribution Systems
D 2996-00 Specification for Filament-Wound Table 1302.3
Fiberglass (Glass Fiber Reinforced
Thermosetting Resin) Pipe
D 3035-01 Specification for Polyethylene (PE) Table 1202.4
Plastic Pipe (DR-PR) Based on
Controlled Outside Diameter
D 3278-96el Test Methods for Flash Point of 202
Liquids by Small Scale Closed-Cup
Apparatus
D 3350-01 Specification for Polyethylene Table 1202.4
Plastics Pipe and Fittings Materials
E 84-01 Test Method for Surface Burning 202, 510.8,
Characteristics of Building Materials 602.2.1, 602.2.1.5,
604.3, 1204.1
E 119-00e Test Method for Fire Tests of Building 607.5.2, 607.5.5.1,
Construction and Materials 607.6.1, 607.6.2
E 136-99e01 Test Method for Behavior of Materials 202
in a Vertical Tube Furnace at 750°C
E 814-00 Test Method for Fire Tests of Through- 506.3.10
Penetration Fire Stops
F 438-01 Specification for Socket Type Table 1202.5
Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride)
(CPVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings,
Schedule 40
F 439-01 Specification for Socket Type Table 1202.5
Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride)
(CPVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings,
Schedule 80
F 441/F Specification for Chlorinated Poly Table 1202.4
441M-99 (Vinyl Chloride)(CPVC) Plastic Pipe,
Schedules 40 and 80
F 442/F Specification for Chlorinated Poly Table 1202.4
F 442M-99 (Vinyl Chloride)(CPVC) Plastic Pipe
(SDR-PR)
F 493-97 S1203.3.4tion for Solvent Cements for
Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride)
(CPVC) Plastic Pipe and Fittings
F 876-01 Specification for Crosslinked Table 1202.4
Polyethylene (PEX) Tubing
F 877-01 Specification for Crosslinked Table 1202.4,
Polyethylene (PEX) Plastic Hot and Table 1202.5
Cold-Water Distribution Systems
F 1055-98 Specification for Eiectrofusion Type Table 1202.4,
Polyethylene Fittings for Outside 1203.15.2
Diameter Controlled Polyethylene Pipe
and Tubing
F 1281-01 Specification for Crosslinked Table 1202.4
Polyethylene/Aluminum/Crosslinked
Polyethylene (PEX-AL-PEX) Pressure
Pipe
F 1974-00e Standard Specification for Metal Table 1202.5
Insert Fittings for
Polyethylene/Aluminum/Polyethylene
and Crosslinked
Polyethylene/Aluminum/Crosslinked
Polyethylene Composite Pressure Pipe
AWS American Welding Society
550 N.W. LeJeune Road
Miami, FL 33126
Standard Referenced
Reference in code
Number Title section number
A5.8-92 Specifications for Filler Metals for 1203.3.1, 1303.3.1
Brazing and Braze Welding:
CSA Canadian Standards Association
178 Rexdale Blvd.
Rexdale (Toronto), Ontario,
Canada M9W 1R3
Standard Referenced
Reference in code
Number Title section number
CAN/CSA
B137.10M-99 Crosslinked Polyethylene/Aluminum/ Table 1202.4
Polyethylene Composite Pressure Pipe
Systems
DOL Department of Labor
Occupational Safety and Health
Administration
c/o Superintendent of Documents
US Government Printing Office
Washington, DC 20402-9325
Standard Referenced
Reference in code
Number Title section number
29 CFR Part
1910 1000 Air Contaminants 502.6
(1974)
IIAR International Institute of Ammonia
Refrigeration
Suite 700
1101 Connecticut Ave., NW
Washington, DC 20036
Standard Referenced
Reference in code
Number Title section number
2-99 Equipment, Design, and Installation of 1101.6
Ammonia Mechanical Refrigerating
Systems
MSS Manufacturers Standardization Society
of the Valve & Fittings Industry, Inc.
127 Park Street, N.E.
Vienna, VA 22180
Standard Referenced
Reference in code
Number Title section number
SP-69-1996 Pipe Hangers and Supports-Selection 305.4
and Application
NAIMA North American Insulation
Manufacturers Association
Suite 310
44 Canal Center Plaza
Alexandria, VA 22314
Standard Referenced
Reference in code
Number Title section number
AH116-02 Fibrous Glass Duct Construction 603.5, 603.9
Standards
NFPA National Fire Protection Association
Batterymarch Park
Quincy, MA 02269
Standard Referenced
Reference in code
Number Title section number
30-96 Flammable Combustible Code 605.4, 1305.8
31-01 Installation of Oil-Burning Equipment 801.2.1, 801.18.1,
801.18.2, 901.2,
9181.1, 920.2,
922.1. 1301.2,
1305.11, 1308.1
37-98 Stationary Combustion Engines and 811.1, 811.2,
Gas Turbines 915.1, 915.2
45-04 Fire Protection for Laboratories Using Table 403.3,
Chemicals 407.1, 502.20
54-06 National Fuel Gas Code 901.2, 910.7, 918.2
58-01 Liquefied Petroleum Gas Code 502.9.10
69-97 Explosion Prevention Systems 510.8.3
70-02 National Electric Code 1104.2.2
82-99 Incinerators and Waste and Linen 601.1, 907.1
Handling Systems and Equipment
88B-97 Repair Garages 304.5
91-99 Exhaust Systems for Air Conveying of 502.9.5.1,
Vapors, Gases, Mists, and 502.17
Noncombustible Particulate Solids
96-84 Installation of Equipment for the 506.3.7.1
Removal of Smoke and Grease-laden
Vapors from Commercial Cooking
Equipment
211-00 Chimneys, Fireplaces, Vents, and Solid 802.1, Table
Fuel-Burning Appliances 803.10.6,
806.1, 811.1,
901.2
262-99 Standard Method of Test for Flame 602.2.1.1
Travel and Smoke of Wires and Cables
for Use in Air-Handling Spaces
704-96 Identification of the Hazards of 502.8.4, 510.1,
Materials for Emergency Response Table 1103.1,
1105.10
853-00 Installation of Stationary Fuel 924.1
Power Plants
8501-97 Single Burner Boiler Operation 1004.1
8502-99 Prevention of Furnace Explosions/ 1004.1
Implosions in Multiple Burner
Boiler-Furnaces
8504-96 Atmospheric Fluidized-Bed Boiler 1004.1
Operation
NYC/NYS New York City Codes/New York State
Codes/NYC Agencies
Standard Referenced
Reference in code
Number Title section number
Energy Conservation Construction Code 202, 301.2,
of New York State 303.3, 312.1,
514.1, 603.9,
604.1, 905.4,
1204.1, 1204.2
New York City Air Pollution Code 801.5, 811.2.2,
904.1, 905.3,
907.2
New York City Building code based 106.4, 106.5,
2003 IBC 107.1, 201.3,
301.12, 301.12,
301.14, 301.15,
302.1, 302.2,
304.7, 304.10,
308.8, 308.10,
401.4, 401.6,
402.1, 405.2.1,
406.1, 502.10,
502.10.1, 502.16.2,
504.2, 506.3.3,
506.3.10, 506.3.12.2,
506.4.1, 509.1,
510.6, 510.6.1,
510.6.2, 510.7,
511.1.5, 512.2,
513.1, 513.2,
513.3, 513.4.3,
513.5, 513.5.2,
513.5.2.1, 513.6.2,
513.10.5, 513.12,
513.12.2, 513.12.3,6
513.20, 513.20.2,
601.2, 602.2.1.5.1,
602.2.1.5.2, 602.3,
603.1, 603.6.1.1,
603.10, 603.15,
607.1.1, 607.3.2.1,
607.5.1, 607.5.2,
607.5.3, 607.5.4,
607.5.4.1, 607.5.5,
607.5.5.1, 607.5,
701.4.1, 701.4.2,
801.3, 801.16.1,
801.18.4, 901.5,
902.1, 908.3,
908.3.2, 908.4,
910.3, 925.1,
1004.6, 1104.2.2,
1105.1, 1206.4,
1206.10, 1402.4,
1402.4.1
New York City Electrical Code based 201.3, 301.7,
on 2002 NEC 306.3.1, 306.4.1,
513.11, 513.12.1,
602.2.1.1, 606.3,
1305.11.1.1
New York City Fire Code 201.3, 310.1,
311.1, 502.5,
502.7.2, 502.8.1,
502.9.5, 502.9.5.3,
502.9.8.2,
502.9.8.3,
502.9.8.5,
502.9.8.6, 502.7,
502.8, 502.9,
502.9.10, 502.10,
502.10.3, 509.1,
510.2.1, 510.2.2,
510.4, 513.15,
513.16, 513.17
513.18, 513.19,
513.20.3, 515.1,
606.2.1, 908.7,
1101.9, 1105.7.2,
1109.2, 1301.1
New York City Fuel Gas Code based on 101.2, 201.3,
2003 IFGC 301.3, 701.1,
801.1, 801.2.2,
807.1, 901.1,
906.1, 917.6,
1101.5
New York City Fuel Oil tank 1301.2, 1305.11
Construction Standards
New York City Plumbing Code based on 201.3, 301.8,
2003 IPC 512.2, 908.5,
1002.1, 1002.2,
1002.3, 1005.2,
1006.6, 1008.2,
1009.3, 1101.4,
1201.1, 1206.2,
1206.3, 1401.2
New York State Department of 1301.2
Environmental Conservation Petroleum
Bulk Storage Code (6 NYCRR-612, 613,
614)
New York State Department of Labor 1003.3, 1004.1
Industrial Code Rule Part 4
New York State Department of Labor 1003.3
Industrial Code Rule Part 4-6.2
New York State Department of Labor 1003.3, 1004.1
Industrial Code Rule Part 14
United States Environmental Protective 1301.6
Agency Technical Requirements and
Corrective Action Requirements for
Owners and Operators of Underground
Storage Tanks 40 CFR Part 280
SMACNA Sheet Metal & Air Conditioning
Contractors National Assoc., Inc.
4021 Fafayette Center Road
Chantilly, VA 22021
Standard Referenced
Reference in code
Number Title section number
SMACNA-95 HVAC Duct Construction Standards- 603.4, 603.9
Metal and Flexible
SMACNA-92 Fibrous Glass Duct Construction 603.5, 603.9
Standards
UL Underwriters Laboratories. Inc.
333 Pfingsten Road
Northbrook, IL 60062-2096
Standard Referenced
Reference in code
Number Title section number
17-94 Vent or Chimney Connector Dampers for 803.6
Oil-Fired Appliances--with Revisions
through September 1998
58-96 Steel Underground Tanks for Flammable 1305.12.1
and Combustible Liquids
80-04 Steel Tanks for Oil-Burner Fuel 1305.12.1, Table
1305.7(2)
103-98 Factory-Built Chimneys, Residential 805.2
Type and Building Heating Appliance--
with Revisions through March 1999
127-96 Factory-Built Fireplaces--with 805.3, 903.1
Revisions through November 1999
142-02 Steel Aboveground Tanks for Flammable 1305.8, 1305.12.1
and Combustable Liquids
174-98 Household Electric Storage Tank Water 1002.1
Heaters-with revisions through October
1999
181-96 Factory-made Air Ducts and Air 512.2, 603.5,
Connectors-with Revisions through 603.6.1.1,
December 1998 603.6.2, 603.11.1,
604.1.3
197-93 Commercial Electric Cooking 507.1
Appliances-With Revisions Through
January 2000
207-93 Refrigerant-Containing Components and 1101.2
Accessories, Nonelectrical-with
Revisions Through October 1997
343-97 Pumps for Oil-Burning Appliances- 1302.7
with revisions through December
22, 1999
391-95 Solid-Fuel and Combination-Fuel 918.1
Central and Supplementary
Furnaces-with Revisions Through
May 1999
412-93 Refrigeration Unit Coolers-with 1101.2
Revisions through November 1998
471-95 Commercial Refrigerators and 1101.2
Freezers-with Revisions through
April 1998
536-97 Flexible metallic Hose - with 1302.8
revisions through October 2000
555-99 Fire Dampers - with Revisions through 607.3
October, 2000
555C-96 Ceiling Dampers 607.3 607.6.2
555S-99 Smoke Dampers--with Revisions through 607.2.1, 607.3,
December 1999 607.3.1.1
586-96 High-Efficiency, Particulate, Air 605.2
Filter Units - with revisions through
April 21, 2000
641-95 Type L Low-Temperature Venting 802.1
Systems--with Revisions through
April 1999
710-95 Exhaust Hoods for Commercial Cooking 507.1
Equipment--with Revisions through
April 1999
726-98 Oil-Fired Boiler Assemblies--with 916.1, 1004.1
Revisions through January 1999
727-94 Oil-Fired Central Furnaces--with 918.1
Revisions through January 1999
729-98 Oil-Fired Floor Furnaces--with 910.1
Revisions through January 1999
730-98 Oil-Fired Wall Furnaces--with 909.1
Revisions through January 1999
731-95 Oil-Fired Unit Heaters--with 920.1
Revisions through January 1999
732-95 Oil-Fired Storage Tank Water 1002.1
Heaters--With revisions through
January 1999
737-96 Fireplace Stoves--with Revisions 805.2, 905.1
through January 2000
762-99 Outline of Investigation for Power 506.5.1
Ventilators for Restaurant Exhaust
Appliances
791-93 Residential Incinerators--with 901.1
Revisions through May 1998
834-98 Heating, Water Supply and Power 1004.1
Boilers Electric--with Revisions
Through November 1998
867-03 Control Units and Accessories for 513.12
Fire Alarm Systems
867-00 Electrostatic Air Cleaners 605.2
900-94 Air Filter Units - with revisions 605.2, 607.2.3
through October 1999
959-01 Medium Heat Appliance Factory-Built 805.5
Chimneys
1046-00 Grease Filters for Exhaust Ducts 507.11
1240-94 Electric Commercial Clothes Drying 913.1
Equipment--with Revisions through
October 1999
1261-96 Electric Water Heaters for Pools and 916.1
Tubs--with revisions through November
25, 1998
1316-94 Glass-Fiber Reinforced Plastic 1305.12.1
Underground Storage Tanks for
Petroleum Products, Alcohols, and
Alcohol-Gasoline Mixtures
1453-95 Electronic Booster and Commercial 1002.1
Storage Tank Water Heaters--with-
Revisions Through September 1998
1482-98 Solid-Fuel Type Room Heaters-with 905.1
Revisions through January 2000
1777-98 Chimney Liners--with Revisions through 801.18.4,
July 1998 806.16.1
1820-97 Fire Test of Pneumatic Tubing for 602.2.1.3
Flame and Smoke Characteristics--with
Revisions through March 1999
1887-96 Fire Tests of Plastic Sprinkler Pine 602.2.1.2
for Visible Flame and Smoke
Characteristics--with Revisions
through June 1999
1995-98 Heating and Cooling Equipment--with 911.1, 918.1,
Revisions through August 1999 918.3, 1101.2
2043-96 Fire Test for Heat and Visible Smoke 602.2.1.4
Release for Discrete Products and
their Accessories Installed in
Air-Handling Spaces--With
Revisions through February 1998
2158-97 Outline of Investigation Electric 913.1
Clothes Dryer--with Revisions
through February 1999
2162-94 Outline of Investigation for 917.1
Commercial Wood-Fired Baking Ovens--
Refractory Type
ASHRAE American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and
Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.
1791 Tullie Circle, NE
Atlanta, GA 30329-2305
________________________________________________________________________
Standard
Reference
Number Title
________________________________________________________________________
52.2 - 2007 Method of Testing General Ventilation
Air-Cleaning Devices for Removal Efficiency by
Particle Size
62.1 - 2010 Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality
62.2 - 2010 Ventilation and Acceptable Indoor Air Quality in
Low-Rise Residential Buildings
______________________________________________________________
1 |
2 |
1 COPY OF APPENDIX A |
2 COMBUSTION AIR OPENINGS AND CHIMNEY CONNECTOR |
3 PASS-THROUGHS |
4 MAY BE OBTAINED FROM: |
5 NYS LEGISLATIVE BILL DRAFTING COMMISSION |
6 CONTACT: LEGISLATIVE RETRIEVAL SYSTEM'S HELPLINE |
7 |
8 |
9____________________________________________________________|
APPENDIX B
RESERVED
To the extent possible under law, Friends of Devin Balkind for Public Advocate has waived all copyright and related or neighboring rights to New York City Administrative Code. This work is published from: United States.
Special thanks to Benjarmin Kallos and Thom Neale who made this content publicly available as a bulk download.