Article 17 - FUEL OIL EQUIPMENT

Section 27-827

Section 27-827

  § 27-827 General requirements. For the purpose of this subchapter fuel
oil  shall mean hydrocarbon oils as classified in reference standards RS
14-3 and RS 14-12 and shall have a flashpoint not lower than one hundred
degrees Fahrenheit when tested in accordance with reference standard  RS
14-13  and  marketed under the following commercial grades: range oil or
no. 1 fuel oil; diesel oil or no. 2 fuel oil; no. 4 fuel oil; no. 5 fuel
oil; no. 6 fuel oil. Except as provided in section 27-4056 of this title
the use of crankcase  refuse  oil  as  fuel  oil  is  prohibited.  These
requirements shall not apply to (1) the use and installation of portable
burners  not  requiring a connection to a flue where such burners are of
the type commonly used for household purposes such as  oil  stoves,  oil
heaters and oil lamps equipped with a woven wick; (2) portable apparatus
such  as  blow torches, soldering pots, tar heaters, snow melters, etc.;
(3) storage tanks for oils used in industrial process such as  cracking,
distilling,  manufacture  of  gas,  or  other similar processes. For the
requirements governing the storage of such oils see chapter four of this
title.

Section 27-828

Section 27-828

  § 27-828 Fuel oil storage equipment. (a) General requirements for fuel
oil  tanks. All tanks shall be designed and installed in accordance with
the provisions for steel work in subchapter ten of this  chapter  or  in
accordance with the provisions of this subchapter.
  (1)  All  fuel  oil  storage  tanks  shall be built of steel plates or
sheets, made by the open hearth or  basic  oxygen  process.  Such  steel
shall  be  free  from  physical imperfections, and shall be new, in good
condition, and free from rust.
  (2) Tanks shall be welded, riveted and caulked, or riveted and welded.
Flanges or other pipe connections may be welded. All caulking  shall  be
placed with round nose tools and without damage to the plates. Filler of
any kind between plates shall be prohibited.
  (3) Tanks to be buried shall be cleaned and then coated on the outside
with  two  coats  of  red  lead,  or  equivalent.  They shall be further
protected by a coating of hot tar, asphalt, or equivalent rust resistive
material, applied at the work site.  Tanks  installed  inside  buildings
above ground shall be coated with one coat of red lead, or equivalent.
  (4)  All  buried  storage  tanks  shall  be  constructed  of  at least
one-quarter inch thick metal and shall  be  designed  to  withstand  any
external loads to which the tank may be subjected.
  (5)  At  the  time  of  installation  all  storage  tanks shall bear a
permanently-fixed plate, spot welded or equivalent, bearing the name  of
the  tank  manufacturer,  the gauge of the material, and capacity of the
tank.  Shop  fabricated  storage  tanks  shall  be   installed   without
structural alteration.
  (6)  All openings shall be through the top of the storage tank, except
that storage tanks of two hundred seventy-five gallon capacity or  less,
located  above ground but below the lowest story, may be provided with a
three-quarter inch opening for gravity discharge and a one inch  opening
in the bottom for cleaning and protection against corrosion.
  (7) Tanks for no. 1, no. 2, no. 3 and no. 4 commerical grade oils need
not  have  manholes.  However,  if  manholes are used for such oils, the
manhole covers shall be bolted and made gastight. Tanks for  no.  5  and
no.  6  commercial  grade  oils  shall  have  manhole  covers  bolted or
otherwise secured to the tanks and kept  hydrostatically  tight  at  all
times.
  (8)  Tanks  outside  of  buildings  shall  be electrically grounded in
accordance  with  the  requirements  for  equipment  grounding  of   the
electrical code of the city of New York.
  (9)  Tanks  shall be located at least seven feet, measured in the most
direct manner, from any source of  exposed  flame  unless  protected  as
provided  in paragraph two or three of subdivision (a) of section 27-829
of this article and at  least  two  feet  from  any  surface  where  the
temperature exceeds one hundred sixty-five degrees Fahrenheit.
  (b)  Construction  requirements,  cylindrical  tanks,  except vertical
tanks  above  ground  outside  of  buildings,  more  than  two   hundred
seventy-five gallon capacity.
  (1)  The  thickness  of  cylindrical  tanks, including oval, elongated
oval, or obround tanks of more  than  two  hundred  seventy-five  gallon
capacity shall be subject to the following requirements:
  a.  Tanks  thirty-six  inches  in  diameter and less--at least 1/4 in.
shell and 1/4 in. heads.
  b. Tanks thirty-seven to seventy-two inches in diameter--at least  1/4
in. shell and 5/16 in. heads.
  c.  Tanks  seventy-three  to one hundred twenty inches in diameter--at
least 5/16 in. shell and 3/8 in. heads.

  d. Tanks over one hundred twenty inches in diameter  shall  be  of  at
least  3/8 in. steel and shall be stiffened by angle rings or equivalent
members so as to retain their cylindrical form.
  (2)  Dished  heads for such tanks shall have a curvature the radius of
which is not greater than the diameter of the tank. Dished  heads  shall
be  formed  with  an  adequate  cylindrical  extension  rim to provide a
welding or riveting surface. If flat  heads  are  used,  they  shall  be
braced  in the same manner as described for the bracing of flat sides of
rectangular tanks.
  (3) Riveting in single lap seams shall not exceed a pitch as follows:
  a. Shell 1/4 in. thick 5/8 in. diameter rivets, 2 1/4 in. pitch.
  b. Shell 5/16 in. thick 5/8 in. diameter rivets, 2 3/8 in. pitch.
  c. Shell 3/8 in. thick 3/4 in. in diameter rivets, 2 1/2 in. pitch.
  (c) Rectangular tanks, of more than two  hundred  seventy-five  gallon
capacity.
  (1) Plates for rectangular tanks of more than two hundred seventy-five
gallon capacity shall be at least 5/16 in. thick.
  (2) Corners may be made up by bending the plates or by using angles.
  (3) Minimum rivet diameter in seams shall be 5/8 in., and rivets shall
be spaced not more than 2 1/4 in. center-to-center.
  (4)  All  flat  surfaces  of  rectangular  tanks  shall  be  braced by
structural members or rods.
  (5) When structural members are used, the rivet pitch shall not exceed
six inches.
  (6) All structural members shall be designed in  accordance  with  the
requirements of subchapter ten of this chapter.
  (7)  Connections  between  bracing  members  and the sides of the tank
shall be designed so that the connection will not fail before the member
will fail.
  (d)  All  tanks  except  vertical  tanks  above  ground,  two  hundred
seventy-five gallon or less capacity.
  (1)  All oil storage tanks of two hundred seventy-five gallon capacity
or less that are not buried shall have a minimum thickness of shell  and
head plates of no. 10 manufacturer's standard gauge steel plate. Storage
tanks  of  sixty  gallon capacity or less shall be similarly constructed
but need not be thicker than No. 14 manufacturer's standard gauge.
  (e) Vertical storage tanks over one thousand gallon  capacity  located
outside of building above ground.
  (1)  Vertical tanks located outside of buildings above ground shall be
built of steel plates of the quality required for cylindrical tanks.
  (2) The minimum thickness of shell  or  bottom  plates  shall  be  one
quarter  of an inch, and the minimum thickness of roof plates one-eighth
of an inch. The  thickness  of  shell  plates  shall  be  determined  in
accordance with the following formula:

                                P x R x F
                         t = ------------------
                                  T x E

where: t = thickness of shell plate in inches.
       P = head pressure at bottom of ring under consideration in psi.
       R = radius of shell, in inches.
       F = factor of safety (taken as five).
       T = tensile strength of plate, in psi as verified by mill
             test certificate.
       E = efficiency of vertical joint in ring under
             consideration.  E shall in no case be taken greater than one.

  (3)  Roof  plates  shall  have single lap-riveted or welded watertight
seams, and the roof shall be built to shed water.  Bottom  plates  shall
have  single  lap  riveted  or  welded seams. Shell plate seams shall be
designed to develop the full strength of the plate.
  (f) Storage containers of six gallons or less.
  (1)  Oil  storage  containers used with burners or oil burning heaters
and having a capacity of six gallons or less  used  in  connection  with
burners  or  oil-burning  heaters shall be designed so as to withstand a
hydrostatic pressure  test  of  at  least  five  psi  without  permanent
deformation, rupture, or leakage, and shall be approved.
  (2)  All  storage  containers used with burners or oil burning heaters
shall be installed with rigid metal fasteners for wall, floor,  or stand
type installations, and shall be protected against mechanical damage.
  (3) Portable containers may be filled by a pump mounted on  a  storage
tank, provided that the pump is approved.

Section 27-829

Section 27-829

  §  27-829 Location of tanks. (a) Inside of buildings, above ground, on
the lowest floor.
  (1) TANK CAPACITY OF FIVE HUNDRED FIFTY GALLONS OR LESS. Storage tanks
having a capacity of five hundred fifty gallons or less may be installed
above ground on the lowest floor of a building, provided that such tanks
are mounted on adequate noncombustible supports, with the tank  anchored
thereto.  No  more  than  five  hundred  fifty  gallons of total storage
capacity may be connected to one burner or may be installed without  the
protection provided in paragraph two or three of this subdivision.
  (2)  TANK  CAPACITY MORE THAN FIVE HUNDRED FIFTY GALLONS BUT LESS THAN
ELEVEN HUNDRED GALLONS. Storage tanks having a  capacity  of  more  than
five  hundred  fifty gallons but less than eleven hundred gallons may be
installed above ground on the lowest floor of a building, provided  that
all  portions of such tanks above the floor are completely enclosed with
noncombustible construction having at least a two hour  fire  resistance
rating. Weep holes one inch in diameter shall be provided at least every
three  feet  along  the  bottom of the enclosure unless at least fifteen
inches of clearance, together with access door, is provided between  the
tank and the enclosure.
  (3) TANK CAPACITY ELEVEN HUNDRED GALLONS OR MORE. Storage tanks having
a  capacity  of  eleven  hundred  gallons or more may be installed above
ground on the lowest floor of a building, provided that all portions  of
such  tanks  above the floor are completely enclosed with noncombustible
construction having at least a three hour resistance  rating.  At  least
fifteen  inches  clearance  shall  be provided over the tanks and on all
sides between the tanks and the enclosure. A noncombustible access door,
constructed so as to  preserve  the  integrity  of  the  fire  resistive
enclosure, shall be installed in the enclosure above the point where the
capacity  of  the  enclosure  below  the door sill would be equal to the
capacity  of  the  largest  tank  installed.  When  the  longest  inside
dimension  of the enclosure exceeds thirty-five feet, access doors shall
be installed at intervals not exceeding twelve feet. Columns, pipes,  or
similar  obstructions  may  project  into the required fifteen inches of
space within the enclosure, provided that access door or  doors  are  so
arranged   that  all  portions  of  the  enclosure  are  accessible  for
servicing.
  (4) MAXIMUM TANK SIZE. The capacity of individual storage tanks in  no
case shall exceed twenty thousand gallons.
  (b) Inside of building above the lowest floor.
  (1)   Fuel  oil  storage  tanks  having  a  capacity  of  two  hundred
seventy-five gallons or less may be installed inside of buildings  above
the  lowest  story  when  provided  with  a  four inch thick concrete or
masonry curb, or with a metal pan of gauge equal to  the  gauge  of  the
tank,  completely  surrounding  the  tank  and  of  sufficient height to
contain two times the capacity of the  tank.  The  number  of  such  oil
storage tanks shall be limited to one per story.
  (2)  Storage  tanks  having  a  capacity  of  two hundred seventy-five
gallons or less, installed above the  lowest  floor  inside  a  building
shall  be  filled  by  means  of a transfer pump supplied from a primary
storage tank  located  and  installed  as  otherwise  required  by  this
subchapter.  A  separate  transfer  pump  and  piping  circuit  shall be
provided for each storage tank installed  above  the  lowest  floor.  No
intermediate pumping stations shall be provided between the storage tank
and  the  transfer  pump.  Appropriate devices shall be provided for the
automatic and manual starting and stopping of the transfer pumps  so  as
to prevent the overflow of oil from these storage tanks.
  (3)  A  float switch shall be provided with the curb or pan around the
storage tank and shall be arranged so as to sound an alarm and stop  the

transfer pump in case of failure of the tank or the control in the tank.
The  operation  of  the  float switch shall be tested at least once each
week. An alarm bell shall be located in the same room with the tank  and
a visual and audible alarm shall be located in a maintenance office. The
enclosing  and  sealing  of  switches  and  wiring  shall conform to the
requirements of the electrical code of the city of New York for  devices
located in an atmosphere of flammable vapors.
  (c) Inside of buildings, below ground.
  (1)   Storage  tanks  having  a  capacity  greater  than  two  hundred
seventy-five gallons may be buried inside a building provided  that  the
top  of  the tank is at least two feet below floor level. In lieu of two
feet of earth over the  tank,  the  tank  may  be  covered  by  concrete
flooring  having  the same thickness as the basement floor, but not less
than four inch concrete meeting the requirement  of  subchapter  ten  of
this  chapter  and reinforced with two inch by two inch mesh of at least
no. 20 U.S. standard gauge steel wire. Tanks shall  be  placed  in  firm
soil  and  shall  be surrounded by clean sand or well-tamped earth, free
from ashes and other corrosive substances, and  free  from  stones  that
will  not  pass  through  a  one  inch  mesh.  When necessary to prevent
floating, tanks shall be securely anchored.
  (2) No tank shall be buried within three feet of any  foundation  wall
or footing.
  (d) Outside of building, below ground.
  (1)  Storage tanks located outside of buildings and below ground shall
be buried with the top of the tank at least two feet below ground. Tanks
shall be placed in firm soil and shall be surrounded by  clean  sand  or
well-tamped  earth,  free  from  ashes or other corrosive substance, and
free from stones that will not  pass  through  a  one  inch  mesh.  When
necessary to prevent floating, tanks shall be securely anchored.
  (2)  No  tank shall be buried within three feet of any foundation wall
or footing.
  (e) Outside of buildings, above ground.
  (1) Storage tanks of a capacity greater than two hundred  seventy-five
gallons located outside of buildings above ground shall be not less than
one  and one-quarter (1 1/4) tank diameters and in no case less than ten
feet. from the line of  adjoining  property,  the  nearest  building  or
adjacent  tank.  The  minimum clearance between individual tanks located
outside of buildings above ground and the  line  of  adjoining  property
which may be built upon shall be fixed by the following formula:

                                       G - 275
                        M.C. = 10 + 4 (--------)
                                         5000
  where: M.C. = minimum clearance from nearest surface of tank to
                adjoining property, in feet.
            G = capacity of tank, in gallons.

  The  maximum  allowable  capacity  of  fuel  oil storage tanks located
outside of buildings above ground shall be one hundred thousand gallons.
  (2) Tanks shall be located so as not to obstruct or interfere with any
means of egress.
  (3) Each storage tank shall be protected by  an  embankment  or  dike.
Such  protection  shall  have a capacity at least one and one-half times
the capacity of the tank so surrounded and shall be at least  four  feet
high, but in no case shall the protection be higher than one-quarter the
height  of  the  tank  when the height of the tank exceeds sixteen feet.
Embankments or dikes shall be made of earth  work  with  clay  core,  of
masonry,  of  reinforced  concrete  or  of steel. Earth work embankments

shall be firmly and compactly built of  good  earth  free  from  stones,
vegetable  matter, etc., and shall have a flat section of at least three
feet at the top and a slope of at least one and one-half to two  on  all
sides.  Concrete,  masonry  or  steel  dikes  shall be designed so as to
conform safely all of the oil in the tank so surrounded. Embankments  or
dikes  shall  be  continuous and unpierced, and the outside toe shall be
located at least five feet inside of the property line, and no less than
five feet from a driveway or parking area.
  (f) Tanks located along line of subways.
  (1) No buried tank shall be placed within twenty feet of  the  outside
line  of  a subway wall. Where an above ground tank within a building is
located within the outer lines of the subway, or within twenty  feet  of
the  outside line of the subway wall, such tank shall be placed within a
welded steel oiltight  pan  of  not  less  than  no.  18  manufacturer's
standard  gauge metal suitably reinforced and of capacity to contain the
contents of the tank.
  (2) For the purpose of the foregoing requirement, a  subway  shall  be
deemed to include any subsurface railroad or rapid transit roadbed.

Section 27-830

Section 27-830

  § 27-830 Piping. (a) Installation of piping and tubing.
  (1)  Exposed  piping  shall be protected against mechanical damage and
shall be adequately supported with rigid metal fasteners or hangers. All
pipes connected to buried tanks,  except  test  well  piping,  shall  be
provided with double swing joints at the tank.
  (2)  Only new wrought iron, steel, or brass pipe, or type K or heavier
copper tubing, or aluminum alloy tubing,  properly  identified,  may  be
used.  Metal  tubing  when  used  for  conveying oil shall be adequately
protected.  Such  tubing  may  be  installed  at  the   burner   without
protection. Drawn tubing when used in domestic installations shall be of
at least 3/8 in. inside diameter up to the shut-off valve at the burner.
Soldered connections shall be prohibited.
  (3) Overflow pipes, where installed, shall not be smaller in size than
the supply pipe.
  (b) Relief valves.
  (1)  Where a shut-off valve is installed in the discharge line from an
oil pump, a relief valve  shall  be  installed  in  the  discharge  line
between the pump and the first shut-off valve.
  (2) A relief or pressure regulating valve shall be provided in the oil
piping system on the heater side of the shut-off valves.
  (3)  Relief  valves shall be set to discharge at not more than one and
one-half times the maximum working pressure of the system. The discharge
from relief valves shall be returned to  the  storage  tank  or  to  the
supply line. There shall be no shut-off valve in the line of relief.
  (c)  Fuel  oil heaters. Fuel oil heaters shall not be installed within
the steam or  water  space  of  a  boiler.  Fuel  oil  heaters  and  the
connecting  piping  shall  be arranged to prevent oil leakage from being
transmitted to the boiler. This  may  be  accomplished  by  any  of  the
following methods:
  (1) By discarding the condensate from the heaters.
  (2) By using approved double tube or other approved heaters.
  (3)  By  means  of a secondary hot water or steam heating system where
the water or steam from the boiler has no direct contact  with  the  oil
heater.
  (4)  By  a  sight  tank  arrangement for collecting and inspecting the
condensate which is provided with a pump controlled by a hand switch for
returning the condensate to the normal return system.
  (5) By such other method as may be permitted by the commissioner.
  (d) Vent pipe.
  (1) A vent pipe of iron or steel, without trap, draining to the  tank,
shall  be provided for each storage tank. The lower end of the vent pipe
shall not extend more than one inch through the top of the storage tank.
Cross-connection between a vent pipe and fill pipe is prohibited.
  (2) Where a battery of storage tanks designed to hold the  same  grade
of oil is installed, vent pipes may be run into a main header.
  (3) Vents shall be at least one and one-quarter inches in diameter for
storage tanks not exceeding eleven hundred gallons capacity and at least
two  inches  in  diameter for storage tanks of eleven hundred gallons or
more except that vents for storage tanks of  sixty  gallon  capacity  or
less shall be at least one-half inch in diameter. Vents for tanks inside
of  buildings  above  the  lowest  floor  shall  be run into the primary
storage tank vent.
  (4) Vent pipes shall be provided with an  approved  weatherproof  hood
having  a  free  area  of  at least the pipe size area. Vent pipes shall
terminate outside the building in a nonhazardous location, at least  two
feet  from any building opening and not less than two feet nor more than
twelve feet above the fill pipe terminal, unless otherwise permitted  by
the commissioner. If the vent pipe terminal is not visible from the fill

pipe  terminal location, a one inch tell-tale line shall be connected to
the tank and shall parallel the fill pipe and terminate at the fill pipe
terminal with an unthreaded end. Such tell-tale lines shall be  provided
with  a  check valve set to prevent flow of surface water to the storage
tank.
  (e) Fill pipes.
  (1) Fill pipes shall terminate outside the buildings,  with  the  fill
pipe  terminal  located  at  or  above grade, at least two feet from any
building opening and five feet from any subway grating at or  below  the
level  of  the  fill  pipe terminal. No fill pipe shall be less than two
inches in diameter, and no fill pipe for no. 6 oil shall  be  less  than
three  inch in diameter. Where no. 6 oil is used, the fill pipe terminal
shall be located  within  three  feet  of  the  curb,  unless  otherwise
required  by  the department of transportation or the transit authority.
Where there are facilities for the delivery tank truck to drive onto the
premises, the fill terminal may be located elsewhere than at  the  curb,
provided  that the location complies with the other requirements of this
subchapter.
  (2) Each storage tank shall be provided with  a  separate  fill  pipe,
except  that  where  a battery of tanks is installed containing the same
grade of oil, a common fill and header pipe may be installed.
  (3) Where the top of the storage tank is above the fill pipe terminal,
the fill pipe shall be connected to the top of  the  tank  and  provided
with  a  shut-off  valve  and  swing  check valve both of which shall be
located at the fill pipe  terminal.  However,  the  shut-off  and  check
valves may be installed in an accessible location inside the building at
or below the level of the fill pipe terminal.
  (4) All fill pipe terminals shall be of an approved type, and shall be
provided  with  lugs  for  embedding in concrete. In lieu of lugs, a set
screw or threads to fasten the terminal to the fill pipe  may  be  used.
The  outer  flange  of  the  fill pipe terminal or the seal cap shall be
permanently marked "fuel oil". The fill pipe terminal shall be  threaded
or  provided  with  other  equivalent means to receive the seal cap. The
seal cap shall be suitably slotted for receiving an opening wrench,  and
an  oilproof gasket inserted in a groove in the fill pipe terminal shall
be provided so as to make the seal cap leakproof. A strainer  shall  not
be  required  but,  if  used, shall be of at least one-eighth inch mesh.
Where a storage system for volatile flammable oil and a  storage  system
for  fuel  oil  are to be used in the same premises, the terminal of the
fuel oil pipe shall be provided with a left-handed thread and  the  fill
pipe  fitting  shall  be  of a different size than that required for the
fill pipes to the tanks containing the volatile flammable oil.
  (f) Piping from transfer pump to equipment or to storage  tanks  above
the lowest floor.
  (1)  The  piping from a transfer pump to equipment at levels above the
lowest floor or to storage tanks at levels above  the  lowest  floor  in
buildings,  the  return  piping,  and  vent piping shall comply with the
applicable provisions of subdivisions (a) and (d) of  this  section  and
shall  be  enclosed  in  a  shaft  constructed  of four inch concrete or
masonry having a four inch clearance from all  pipe  or  pipe  covering,
except  that  no  such  enclosures  shall  be  required  within the room
containing the pump, tank,  or  equipment  where  such  room  is  itself
enclosed with construction and materials having at least a two hour fire
resistance  rating.  Provision  shall  be  made  for expansion in piping
without the use of expansion joints.
  (2) Where it is necessary to make horizontal  offsets  in  the  supply
piping  and  pipe  shafts  such  piping shall be enclosed in a sleeve of
other piping of at least no. 10 U.S.  standard  gage  steel,  two  sizes

larger  and  arranged to drain into the shaft. Horizontal piping offsets
shall be further  enclosed  in  construction  having  a  two  hour  fire
resistance rating, except that no such enclosure or pipe sleeve shall be
required  within  the room containing the pump, tank, or equipment where
such room is itself enclosed with construction and materials  having  at
lease a two hour fire resistance rating.
  (3)  A  drain  pipe shall be installed at the base of shafts enclosing
the supply and overflow piping. The pipe shall lead  to  an  open  sight
drain or to an open sump.
  (4)  Oil lines for equipment or tanks shall be steel pipe ASTM A-53 or
A-106, grade B seamless, schedule 40 with welded connections up  to  the
oil  tank  or  equipment, except that fittings at the tank or equipment,
shut off valves and other fuel oil  flow  and  control  devices  may  be
screwed or flanged.
  (5)  Pipe shafts shall not be penetrated by or contain other piping or
ducts.
  (6) The piping shall be located and secured from  movement  so  as  to
prevent  undue  stress  on  the  piping  and  to isolate the piping from
vibrations from any equipment.
  (7) Pipe connections to the main header (supply or  return)  shall  be
made  from  the  top  of  the  header,  except  for systems described in
paragraph (11) of this subdivision.
  (8) Required air vents and vacuum breakers shall be designed for their
required use.
  (9) All air vents and vacuum breakers shall be hard piped to a curb or
pan as provided for in subdivision (b) of section 27-829.
  (10) In systems with equipment  above  the  lowest  floor  where  such
equipment  is designed to operate utilizing fuel stored above the lowest
floor, piping diameters shall not exceed four inches. However, where  an
applicant  demonstrates  by  the  inclusion of calculations on the plans
that a greater diameter is necessary to ensure the proper flow  for  the
functioning  of  the system, such greater diameter may be permitted. All
oil stored above the lowest floor  shall  be  in  tanks  complying  with
subdivision (b) of section 27-829 of this code; piping shall not be used
for fuel storage purposes.
  (11)  In  systems  with  equipment  above  the lowest floor where such
equipment is designed to operate utilizing fuel pumped  as  needed  from
the  lowest floor and without utilizing fuel oil stored above the lowest
floor, piping diameters throughout such systems  shall  not  exceed  the
design  flow  (three  times the maximum firing rate as calculated by the
engineer  or  architect).  However,  piping   diameters   within   rooms
containing  such  equipment  may  exceed the calculated design flow pipe
size to provide limited reservoir storage to prime  equipment,  provided
such  reservoir  storage  is  counted  toward  the  maximum  two hundred
seventy-five gallons of  oil  storage  per  story  as  provided  for  in
subdivision b of section 27-829 of this code.
  (g)  Heating  coils  in  storage  tanks. The heating of oil in storage
tanks shall be by means of coils using low pressure hot water or  steam,
or by means of electric heaters approved for use in oil storage tanks.
  (h) Valves and devices to control the flow of oil.
  (1)  Where  more than one storage tank is connected to a common supply
line, a shut-off valve shall be provided in  the  supply  line  at  each
tank.  Where  more  than  one  burner  is  connected  to a supply line a
shut-off valve shall be provided at each burner. Where a single tank and
a single burner are installed, a shut-off valve shall be required in the
supply line at the tank and another at the burner. Valves shall be brass
or equivalent in corrosion and  fire  resistance,  shall  provide  tight

shut-off,  and  shall be rated at one hundred twenty-five psi or greater
as required by the pressure in the system.
  (2)  Where  a  storage  tank is located so that the top of the tank is
above the oil inlet to the burner or to the fuel pump, and  the  storage
tank  capacity  is  greater  than  two hundred seventy-five gallons, the
supply line to the burner shall be provided with an approved anti-syphon
device. The device shall be located at the highest point in  the  supply
line.  Where  an approved foot valve is used in the tank and the tank is
constructed with a manhole, an anti-syphon device shall not be required.
No anti-syphon device shall be required where no. 6 fuel oil is used.
  (3) The pressure in oil lines to  burners  located  above  the  lowest
floor  of a building shall not be more than is required to circulate oil
to and from the burners, and all  parts  of  the  oil  system  shall  be
capable of withstanding the maximum working pressure in that part of the
system.
  (4)  A remote control shall be provided to stop the flow of oil to any
burner. Such control shall be located outside the entrance to  the  room
in  which  the  burner  is  located  and  as  close  to such entrance as
practicable, except that when an outside location is impracticable, such
control may be located immediately inside the room in which  the  burner
is  located, provided such location is accessible at all times. All such
controls shall be permanently labeled "remote control for  oil  burner."
On  storage  tanks  of  sixty gallon or less capacity used with manually
operated burners, such remote control may be  installed  in  the  supply
lines between tank and burner.
  (5)  Pressure  in  a  storage  tank for the purpose of discharging oil
shall be prohibited.
  (6) In systems where either steam or air is  used  for  atomizing  the
oil, the oil and the atomizing supply shall be interlocked so that where
the  supply  of  either  is interrupted, the supply of the other will be
immediately cut off.
  (i) Oil level indicating devices and test wells.
  (1) All tanks located inside buildings shall be provided with  an  oil
level indicating device. Test wells shall be prohibited in tanks located
inside of buildings. Unused tank openings shall be permanently sealed to
prevent the removal of plugs or cover.
  (2)  Oil level indicating devices shall be designed and constructed of
substantial materials so that there can be no  leakage  of  oil  or  oil
vapor.
  (3)  Test wells in storage tanks located outside of buildings shall be
capped oil tight and kept closed when not in use.

Section 27-831

Section 27-831

  § 27-831 Controls. With each automatic burner a set of safety controls
of  the  electric,  pneumatic,  hydraulic,  or  mechanical type shall be
installed and maintained in good working order. The proper controls  for
each  burner  shall  be  those  that  have  been  tested and accepted in
accordance with the requirements of article five of this subchapter. The
controls shall provide the following functions:
  (a) Oil temperature control (no. 5 and no. 6 oil).
  (b) Ignition.
  (c) Stack or combustion control.
  (d) High temperature or pressure control.

Section 27-832

Section 27-832

  §  27-832  Chimneys.  No  oil burner shall be installed in any boiler,
heater, range, or stove unless each boiler, heater, range, or  stove  is
connected  to  a  chimney complying with subchapter ten of this chapter,
except for portable burners as prescribed  in  section  27-827  of  this
article.